The Americans declare independence from the English.
The British loyalists began streaming into the Lake Ontario Region.
As a result a Canadian is defined as an American who rejects revolution.
01/10/2011
METIS HISTORY 1779-1780
METIS HISTORY Return to METIS 1750-1799 index
1776
The Red River Valley, Metis Country, experienced one of it greatest floods this year, and the settlers affected are estimated to be some 200 people in the Metis Colony of Red River.
British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, Antoine Joseph Cote son Prisque Cote b-1730 and Marie Magdelene Lefebvre.
John Daniel, Metis b-1776, North West Territories, married Jane Metis b-1778, likely North West.
Francisco Dominguez and Francisco de Escalante of Spain ventured Santa Fe to Wasatch Mountains, Great Salt Lake, in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, using Indian guides most likely Utes and Paiutes.
Pierre Ducharme b-1776, Canada, married Catherine Saulteaux Indian born 1801 likely North West.
John Easter born 1776 North West Territories married Nancy Indian b-1796 likely North West.
Louis Flfurie born 1776 North West, census 1838 Red River.
(I)-Thomas Frobisher (1744-1788) a free trader with 4 canoes went up the Churchill and established Fort Ile a La Crosse on Lake Ile a La Crosse. He left Louis Primot in charge and Thomas went on to winter on the Saskatchewan River.
Josephine Gauthier born 1776, likely Lake Superior, died December 30, 1841, La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Charles Gladu b-1776 1st married Elise Metis b-1785, 2nd marriage Marie Ross, Metis b-1788 most likely North West, likely daughter John Ross..
Michel Gosselin b-1776 Canada 1st married Marguerite Indian b-1796 North West Territories, 2nd marriage Josephte Deschamps b-1809 most likely North West.
British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Jacques Janson died April 11, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), son (III)-Charles Dominique Janson dit Lapalme b-1733 and Jeanette Gendron.
Joseph Lafournaise b-1776 Canada married Suzanne Indian b-1780 most likely North West.
Pierre Laliberte b-1776 Canada married Josephte Gaudry Metis b-1780 most likely North West.
Francis Latour son Pierre Latour married British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Marguerite Meloche
Kaskaskia, Illinois, death Pierre Levasseur, son Stanislas Levasseur b-1732 married 1756 Quebec Francois Del'oeil.
Augus McGilles born 1776 North West, census 1835 Red River.
Jean Baptiste Matwein, Metis b-1776 Pembina, blacksmith married Marguerite Matwein, Metis b-1789 Pembina.
Julie Megweia (Unsurpassed Strength) born 1776 likely Lake Superior died December 24, 1856 LaPointe, Wisconsin.
Menard is living among the Mandan of the Missouri River, in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, who are reported trading from the Gulf of Mexico to the Hudson Bay.
(I)-Le Clerc Milfort lived in the Creek Nation, on the Yazoo River, county of Tallahatchie, Alabama, until 1799. He married the sister of Alexander McGillivray a French, Scottish Metis named Tustenuggee (Grand chief of wars) of the Creek Tribe.
George Moore Metis b-1776 married Mary Truthwaite Metis b-1810 North West Territories.daughter Jacob Truthwaite Metis b-1790
Mr. Nolan reported the Red River is in flood.
Father Francisco Palou (1722-1789) at San Francisco, New Spain made note that many Indians in the area have beards. It is noteworthy that the non bearded natives even plucked their eyebrows to display a hairless face. This likely implies two cultures exist in the area. This is significant as Indians don't have facial hair. This would imply these people are of mixed blood or Metis.
Peter Pangman (1744-1819) a Dutchman, some say German married at Fort of the Prairies on the Saskatchewan a Cree Indian girl.
Joseph Parenteau b-1776 Canada married Suzanne Metis b-1780 most likely North West.
Andre Henri Poitras, Metis, b-1776 son Andre Henri Poitras, b-1757 Canada and a native woman; married Marie George, Metis (1803-1900) daughter Frederick George and Josephte a Native.
Charles Racette, b-1776, married 1802, Josephite (Francoise) Sauteuse (Chippewa).
(I)-William Renton (1754-1798) joined HBC (1776-1798) married Indian one child
(II)-Jane Renton Metis (1782-1858) married (I)-Thomas Vincent (1776-1832)
Juan Maria Antonio de Rivera (Ribera) of Mexico is believed the first person to use the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico, through Colorado, Utah, and Nevada to California. The purpose of the trip was to reinforce Spain's claim on the territory from encroachment from the Americans.
(I)-John Sutherland worked HBC (1778-1813)
Charles Reaume (1743-1813) and Alexis Reaume take out a trade license at British Fort Detroit (Michigan).
Pierre Venne, Metis, born 1776 Red River Settlement, North West son Joseph Venne, listed 1870 census St. Norbert, Red River.
Fort Lac La Pluie (Fort Frances) is constructed in 1776 by the North West Company near Fort Saint Pierre which was constructed 1731 by La Jemerais, La V�rendrye's nephew, at the west end of Rainy Lake where it drains into the Rainy River.
Michilimackinac, marriage (III)-Pierre Grignon (1740-1795) son (II)-Pierre Grignon and Josephte Marguerite Chevalier; married 1st 1776 a Menominee/Winnebago woman, a country marriage likely occurred 1769; 2nd marriage August 8, 1787 Michilimackinac (V)-Louise Domitilde Langlade daughter of (IV)-Charles Michel Langlade (1724/29-1800) and Charlotte Ambroise Bourassa
Jean Baptiste Brunet dit L'etang (Letang or Lestang) hires Jean St. Friole as a boatman.
(I)-Richard Dobie (1731-1805), a Scot, having acquired a respectable fortune, sold Fort Timiskaming (Temiscamingue) to James Grant who partnered with Tom Grant. Tom Grant would marry one of Dobie's daughters. James Grant would spend the next 20 years at this post, finally selling out to the NWC in December 1795 when he retired.. During this decade, Richard acted as a outfitter and financier of trading ventures to the Old North West (Great Lakes Region) with traders like Etienne Campion, William Grant, Jean Baptiste Tabeau, John Grant, Robert Griffin, and naturally James Grant. He also backed trading beyond Grand Portage with the likes of Jean Etienne Wadden killed March 1782, and Venance Lemaire dit St. Germain. He retired, in 1790, to Montreal.
The Hudson Bay Company responded to Peter Pond (1740-1807) at the first Sturgeon River trading post at Prince Albert, Saskatchewan by building a post above him. A fort built on Homes Plains was named after a trader that had wintered there. (I)-Thomas Frobisher (1744-1788) was wintering at Ile a la Crosse this year. Both Frobisher and Peter Pond (1740-1807) pushed into the Athabasca. About this time the Pemmican trade began in earnest to support the expanding range of trade that required having caches of food available along the way. The Cree of Red River claim that the settlers started, from this date until 1860, paying annual rent.
(I)-Alexander Henry the Elder (1739-1824) referred to the bison (buffalo) near Melfort Saskatchewan as "the wild ox". (I)-Alexander Henry Sr. (1739-1824), the elder, employed an Indian woman as a guide and is surprised to learn she guided for Frobisher.
Edward Jarvis wrote of the Canadians that when they hear an Indian is well 'gooded', they will take a sled load of goods in winter or a canoe in summer and go 100 miles or more. They are all excellent hunters and travel the woods like an Indian. These Canadians endured the hard toil of the portages, which the Indians themselves often found too much for them. They crossed these at a smart pace. I believe his pride prevented him from complaining openly. If his honor is challenged, he will undertake the most difficult task or negotiate the most challenging rapids. Many crosses mark the humble passing of comrades to the rapids. Alexander Henry the elder (1739-1824) of New Jersey and (I)-Joseph Frobisher (1740-1810) returned from the Saskatchewan to Grande Portage, leaving their merchandise in the field in the care of (I)-Thomas Frobisher (1744-1788) .
Andri Giottier (Triottier?), Metis, born 1776 North West Territories married 1892 Marguerite Paguette, Metis, born Red River, listed 1870 St. Francois, Red River. Lyle Trottier has him listed as Andre Trottier Trotchie born 1791, died April 24, 1874, married 1824 all in Red River region son Andre Trottier and Louise Chippewa Indian. This sounds like Andri is the father and Andre is the son. The 15 children listed by Lyle likely represent both families???
The British-Americans declare their independence and the American war starts in earnest. Their articles of Confederation called for a census every three year. The English Loyalists began streaming into the Lake Ontario region, especially the Niagara River area. The majority of Coureurs des Bois and Metis, however, had little interest in the American rebellion between the British and French factions, and very few get involved in any fighting.
Sixty canoes are allowed, by permit, through Grande Portage, and the Canadian Peddler,William Bruce, is on Lake Winnipeg.
(III)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte Sr. (1723-1803) went up the Saskatchewan with four canoes.
The new Canadian English refugees had many personal grudges and carried on the war with much savagery towards the American long knives.
John Johnson (1742-1830), a loyalist of Albany, N.Y. formed a battalion of American Loyalists called the King's Royal Regiment.
Humphrey Marten wrote from York that the Orkney Servants are very remiss in protecting your goods or in making themselves acquainted with the management of a canoe; by which means they hope to be kept at the fort, as unfit for inland duties. On the whole, they did not make top-class officers, though there were exceptions.
Friars Escalante and Dominguez, seeking an overland route from Santa Fe to the California Missions, traversed Colorado.
St. Louis des Illinois recorded birth, marriage and death records (1776-1800).
The Hudson Bay Company duped the Chipewyans by trading alleged drugs and nostrums in the form of sugar, grains, coffee, pepper, allspice, cloves, tea, nutmegs, gingers and others things. They claimed it could be used to avoid barrenness, difficult labor, and combat other afflictions. They would ward off evil spirits and guard against enemies, especially the white bear. By these means, many customers were secured to the company trade. The Indian trade networks were founded on honesty, integrity and fair dealings. Alexander Henry the elder (1739-1824) recorded these despicable English trading activities.
Four Peddlers are killed on the Assiniboine River and two more as the canoes were going out.
Laurent Leroux (1759-1854) and (I)-Cuthbert Grant, d-1799, established a trading post at Fort Resolution on the south shore of the Athupusco Lake (Great Slave Lake) aka Etchareottine Lake. see 1786. Others suggest this was 1786.
Franciscan Fray Francisco Atansio Dominguez is the leader of a Spanish expedition out of Santa Fe, New Mexico that visited the Grand Canyon (Arizona), western Colorado, Utah and back in 1776-1777. Silvestre Velez de Escalante a Franciscan documented the Spanish expedition out of Santa Fe, New Mexico to Provo, Utah. His superior Father Francisco Dominguez eight soldiers, a cartographer and Indian guide/interpreter made up the expedition. They encountered Utah Lake and named it Our Lady of Mercy (Timpanogotzis). Due to bad weather they went south to Arizona crossing the Grand Canyon from east to west. They returned to Santa Fe having covered 1,800 miles. It's noteworthy that the Spanish visited the Grand Canyon in 1535.
Fort Lac La Plue was in operation by the N.W.C. this year having replaced Fort Saint Pierre, built 1731 at the west end of Rainy Lake were it drains into the Rainy River. The H,B.C. would later rename it Fort Frances.
January: Alexander Henry the elder (1739-1824), the elder, ascended from Cumberland House to Fort La Corne (Fort des Prairies that is occupied by 50-80 men). At or near this site was Fort Mosquito, Fort Batoche, Fort Louis, Fort La Corne and Fort Carlton. However, most referred to the various houses as either Nippowee or La Corne.
January 2: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Archange Meloche, daughter (III)-Pierre Meloche b-1733 and (II)-Marie Catherine Guignard dit St. Etienne.
January 9: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (III)-Medard Descomps son (II)-Pierre Descomps dit Labadie aka Fillau (1776) born 1742 and (II)-Therese Gaillard dit Lionais born 1746.
January 20: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Rose DeMarsac daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste (also called Benjamin) DeMarsac (1742- 1793) and (IV)-Genevieve Seguin.
January 22: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Baron, born July 1775.
January 22: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Catherine Du Devoir, born 1700.
January 28/30: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth/death, (IV)-Francois et un anonyme Jeannes son (III)-Robert Jeannes et Jeanne b-1730, died April 3, 1793 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), and (IV)-Catherine Reaume b-1740.
February 15: likely Michillimackinac, birth (II)-Thomas McMurry, Jr. Metis, d-1849 son (I)-Thomas McMurray Sr. d-1795 and Jane Izenhoult, most likely Indian or Metis died June 10, 1781, widow Tobias.
July 29: Mackinac Island, birth Joseph Laframboise, died 1848 married Josephte Assiniboine died February 10, 1852, Pembina.
February 13: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, Therese Grant daughter Alexander Grant and Therese Barthel.
February 17: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Zacharie Chiquot son (IV)-Jean Baptiste Chiquot born 1749 and (IV)-Angelique Godefroy born 1753.
February 21, Fort Detroit, birth (III)-Jean Baptiste Pitre, died February 29, 1776 Fort Detroit daughter (II)-Jean Baptiste Pitre and (III)-Marie Francoise Anne St Come (1753-1783).
February 23: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Isabelle Meloche, daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste Meloche b-1741 and (V)-Marie Louise Robert.
February 26: Fort Detroit, birth, (V)-Jeanne Pineau daughter (IV)-Joseph Pineau b-1741 and (II)-Marie Francoise Brillant b-1757.
May 12: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Catherine Chesne, Metis, daughter (III)-Leopold Chesne b-1734 1694 and Marie d'Outaouaise (Ottawa woman)
July 29: Mackinac Island (Michigan), birth, Joseph Laframboise, Metis Sr., born July 29, 1776 Mackinac Island, Michigan, died 1848, son Alexis Fafard dit Laframboise and Marguerite Saulteaux, b-1780, died May 16, 1879 Red River; married 1799 Josephte Assiniboine, b-1780, died May 16, 1870 Red River.
October ? 18: Sandwich, Ontario, marriage, Francis Prat to (III)-Elisabeth Parant daughter (II)-Laurent Parant b-1703 and (IV)-Jeanne Cardinal b-1717.
March 2: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), death, (II)-Gabriel Casse born 1712, death, by a wound while repairing the windmill of Grand Marais
March 9: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Jannete Langlois, born October 1775.
March 17: Fort Detroit, birth, (II)-Suzanne Legrand daughter (II)-Gabriel Christophe Legrand de Sintre and (V)-Veronique Reaume b-1748.
March 27: Juan Bautista de Anza (1736-1788), Jose Joaquin Moraga and a Franciscan priest, Father Pedro Font arrived San Francisco Bay. They determined Fort Point was a suitable location for a mission and settlement.
April 4: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Marie Joseph Gamelin son (IV)-Francois Gamelin died 1774 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), and Therese Cabassier born 1752 died May 26, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan).
April 12: (I)-Thomas Frobisher (1744-1788) and 6 men went to Churchill River to build a fort at portage de Traite.
April 17: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Bonvouloir, born 1773.
May 3: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Cecile Mesny, Metis, daughter (III)-Antonie Mesny, b-1751 and (II)-Catherine Brilland ( Brillant) dit Lapierre, Metis b- 1753; married February 4, 1793 Fort Detroit a Jean Baptiste Aide Crequl.
May 9: Fort Detroit, birth (II)-Joseph Dominique L'Enfant, Metis, likely born Longue Pointe, son (I)-Joseph L'Enfant and (IV)-Francois Tessier, Metis, b-1736.
May 12: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), baptism, Charles Chesne b-1770, Metis born 1770 son Antoine Chesne and Marie Sauteuse (Ojibwa) sauvagesse..
May 12: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Catherine Chesne, Metis, daughter (III)-Leopold Chesne born 1734, capitaine des interpretetes, died January 13, 1778, British Fort Detroit (Michigan), and Marie d'Outaouaise.
May 14: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Isidore Campeau daughter (IV)-Jean Baptiste Campeau born 1743 and (V)-Genevieve Godet born 1751.
May 25: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Etienne Gastinon son (III)-Pierre Jean Gastinon et Gatignon dit Duchene born 1754 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), and (III)-Marie Joseph David (1698-1793).
June: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Charles Gouin, Metis, baptised December 30, 1778, British Fort Detroit (Michigan), son (IV)-Joseph Nicolas Gouin (b-1746) and Mie Ouilincotia (Miamis), sauvagesse d-1781.
June: Birth, (IV)-Joachim Dumouchel, Metis, baptized July 22, 1786, Mackinac, son, (III)- Louis Pascal (Paschal) Dumouchel b-1725, and Francoise Sauvagesse.
June 9: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Marie Angelique Gamelin died February 12, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter (IV)-Medard Gamelin (1733-1778) and (IV)-Angelique Chiguot (Cicotte) (1741-1777).
June 11: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, Antoine Bernard to (IV)-Catherine Dubreuil daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste Dubreuil and (III)-Catherine Drouillard.
June17: (V)-Catherine Hamelin Metis baptised August 19, 1787 Michillimackinac daughter (IV)-Louis Charles Hamelin Metis born 1737 Michillimackinac son (III)-Charles Hamelin and his slave woman Marie Athanase a Sauteux woman ( 1708- 1738) and Marie Joseph LeSable of the Sauteuse (Ojibwa) Nation born 1737 Michillimackinac.
June 27: Moraga and Fathers Francisco Palou, Father Pedro Cambon led a small group of soldiers and colonists to establish San Francisco de Asia (Mission Dolores) as established by Juan Bautista de Anza (1736-1788) is founded.
June 29: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Prosper Laforest child (IV)-Guillaume Laforest b-1725 and (III)-Genevieve Amable Fauvel b-1741 veuve Gabriel Charpentier.
July 7: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth/death, Joseph Godet son Joseph Godet (or Cadoret) and Veronique Fauvel, source Tanguay.
July 8: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, (III)-Claude Francois Gastinon born April 20, 1756 son (II)-Francois Catignon also Gastinon et Gastignon dit Duchesne born 1700 and (III)-Marie Joseph David (1698-1793); married July 8, 1776 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), (II)-Jeanne Billiau born 1762 died October 3, 1791 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter (I)-Jean Baptiste Billiau..
July 13: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Angelique Bourdeau daughter (III)-Joseph Bourdeau dit L'Lle-Ronde, habitant de la Cote Nord-est, born 1730, died 1793 married 1760 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), (III)-Marie Louise Clermont et Dvbord born 1645 daughter Louis Clermont; Angelique married November 25, 1793 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Francois Guay.
August 9: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (III)-Nicolas Chapoton son (II)-Jean Baptiste Chapoton born 1721 and (III)-Felicite Cesire born 1737.
August 12: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage Gregor McGregor to Susan Robert.
August 16: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Michel Gastinon, Metis, son (III)-Francois Gastinon et Gatignon dit Duchene b-1700 and (II)-Jeanne Brillant. dit Lapierre, Metis born April 9, 1775, British Fort Detroit (Michigan).
August 21: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (III)-Ignace Moras son (II)- Nicolas Moras dit Toinichinx and (IV)-Marie Anne Boyer b-1755.
August 21: Detroit, birth (II)-Marie Genevieve Macomb, Metis, daughter (I)-Alexander Mcomb and (II)-Marie Catherine Navarre, Metis, b-April 13, 1757, Detroit.
August 24: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (III)-Cecile Descomps died November 9, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter (III)-Alexis Descomps and (V)-Marie Francoise Robert born 1752.
August 25: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Francois Villers, born December 1753.
September 9: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, (IV)-Vital Sarrazin Depelteau son (III)-Pierre Sarazin Depeltaux (1684-1760) and (III)-Marguerite Leduc, b-1676; married (III)-Cecile DeMarsac died March 20, 1809 Detroit, Michigan, daughter (II)-Francois DeMarsac (1706-1777) and Therese Cecile Campeau (1714-1746).
September 30: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (II)-Joseph Francois Fontenay dit L'Espagnol (surnoms) Dagneau de Quindre), Metis, died October 11, 1777, son (I)-Francois de Florence Fontenay dit L'Espagnol dit I'Espagnol and Marie Sauteuse, sauvagesse.
October 4: Silvestre Velez de Escalante b-1750 a Franciscan friar and Francisco Dominguez also a Spanish Franciscan arrived Cedar City, Utah. They went on to Toquerville, Utah and noted the Paiute People had fields of corn and were using irrigation.
October 5: Malchom Ross (1755-1799), Robert Longmoor and James Spence departed Cumberland house to trade the Saskatchewan River returning February 7, 1777.
October 14: Fort Detroit, birth (V)-Jean Baptiste Morisseau son (IV)-Antoine Morisseau, a voyager and Genevieve Grenon.
October 17: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Jean Baptiste Adhemar, died November 13, 1776, son (III)-Toussaint Antoine Adehemar et Dallaire, Medecin and Genevieve Blondeau.
November 11: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Catherine Dufour, born February 1775; witness Pierre Janerai and Jacques Godet..
November 11: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Agathe Chesne son (III)-Charles Chesne born 1732 and (II)-Marie Joseph Descomps dit Labadie born 1737; married September 28, 1795 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Alexis Campeau.
November 11: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), death, (V)-Charles Crete born 1761 Bout de I'IIe, Montreal, Quebec, son (IV)-Jean Baptiste Crete born 1736 and (II)-Marie Joseph Atmond born 1741.
November 12: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Therese Casse died October 20, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste Casse (1742-1777 and (IV)-Therese Boyer born 1755.
November 16: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Francois Xavier Le Beau, born November 12, 1776; witness Pierre Janerai and Jaques Godet.
November 16: St. Louis, Missouri, birth (III)-Pelagie Marechal, Metis, daughter (II)-Francois Marechal, Metis, born March 31, 1751 Cahokia, (Illinois) and Marie Therese Riviere; 1st. married October 8, 1795 St. Louis, Missouri to Jean Baptiste Billot, 2nd marriage January 11, 1814 Florissant, Missouri Charles Latour.
November 18: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, Thomas Gatignon married (II)-Marie Jeanne Billiau born November 18, 1762 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), died October 3, 1791 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter (I)-Jean Baptiste Billiau and (III)-Marie Francoise Mesnie, see parent birth 1758.
November 18: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Alexis Campeau died before 1779 son (IV)-Alexis Campeay (1737-1782) and (V)-Madeline Dumays (1745-1795).
November 18: Fort Detroit, birth, (IV)-Suzanne Pouget daughter (III)-Joseph Gabriel Pouget b-1728 and (III)-Francoise Belleperche.
November 20: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, (III)-Pierre Drouillard, interpreter, son (II)-Jean Baptiste Drouillard born 1707 and (III)-Elisabeth Rapin born 1712; married (III)-Angelique Descomps dit Labadie born 1760 daughter (II)-Antoine Louis Descomps.
November 25: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, (I)-Philippe DeJean, b-1734 to (III)-Theotiste Cosme et St. Cosme, Metis, born February 8, 1755, British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter (II)-Pierre Laurent Cosme et St. Cosme born 1721 and (III)-Catherine Barrois, Metis, (1727-1790).
November 26: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, Pierre Drouillard to (III)-Marie Angelique DesComps daughter (II)- Antoine Louis DesComps dit Labadie-Bodichon (1767) and (IV)-Angelique Campeau (1742-1767).
November 28: Fort Detroit, birth Isidore Morin son Isadore Morin and (IV)-Marie Joseph Tremblay, epouse, February 21, 1791 Fort Detroit, Nicolas Patenaude, veuve de Jean Baptiste Baudin.
November 28: Fort Detroit, birth, (V)-Marie Theotiste Pare, son (IV)-Jean Baptiste Pare and (VI)-Marie Francoise Pelletier (1749-1793).
December: Sergeant Juan Pablo Grijalva at San Francisco observed a savage that ran up and kissed Mara Angela Chumasero, on the mouth, who is the wife of Domingo Alvisa. The filthy beast had actually kissed her. I have seen soldiers take their pleasure with Indian women, but never have I heard of such a thing right before the eyes of our soldiers. The Spanish savages felt they had the right to flog the Indians for minor infractions, of Spanish rule, and to kill them if they resisted. The lash brings reason even if they don't know why they are being flogged. Father Francisco Palou (1722-1789) was saddened and he wept for the atrocities committed by the Spanish against the People. Father Palou was unaware of his role in the atrocities by classifying them as little children, opened the door for flogging for disobedience. The Indianm slaves were compelled to do excessive work, handcuffed, imprisoned, and beaten for the most trival offences. Any attempts to obtain freedom by flight, they were hunted down and punished with tenfold vigor. The women and children were used for the pleasure of the Christian soldiers.
December 6: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Ungarcon Bienvenu son (II)-Alexis Bienvenu and (IV)-Marie Anne Campeau born 1745, see parent marriage 1763.
December 9: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (II)-Pierre Andre son, (I)-Joseph Andre the Italian married June 30, 1774 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Marie Joseph Dumais.
December 9: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Marie Anne Chauvin, born 1762; witness Pierre Janerai and Dominique Godet.
December 11: Fort Detroit, birth (V)-Marie Catherine Renaud daughter (IV)-Louis Renaud b-1739 and (III)-Marie Anne Casse b-1753.
1777
The number of voyagers licensed (conges) to travel into Indian Country is 2,431, being issued out of Montreal, Quebec and British Fort Detroit (Michigan). This does not include the hivernant (wintering) voyagers, the Coureurs des Bois and the Metis. It is conservatively estimated that the actual number of men in the trade is over 5,000.
British Fort Detroit (Michigan), death, (III)-Marie Catherine Belanger daughter (II)-Philippe Belanger born 1746 and (II)-Elisabeth Vallee who married 1771 British Fort Detroit (Michigan).
An old Bungee (Ojibwa) Leader and his family from east of Lake Winnipeg visited British York Fort (Manitoba) to get credit from the Hudson Bay Company after he traded his fall hunt with the Canadians.
Aeneas Cameron (1757-1822) and his nephew Angus Cameron (1782-1876) were fur traders in the Temiscamingue, District of northeastern Ontario/northwestern Quebec. They traded with the Timiskaming, Kippewa, Grand Lac, and Abitibi Bands in Quebec, and the Mattacami, Flying Post, Temagami and Nipissing Bands in Ontario.
(II)-Duncan E. Cameron Metis born before 1777 Quebec brother of (II)-John Dugald Cameron Metis (1777-1857) joined NWC (1790-1821) & HBC (1821-1846); Duncan joined HBC (1840-1845, Columbia Distract, settling in Willamette 1845; John settled Grafton, Ontario with his Indian wife Mary an Ojibwa and together they had at at least four sons and three daughters..
Joseph Charbonneau b-1777 married Margaret Lamoureaux Metis b-1780, likely North West.
British Mackinac, (Michigan), marriage, (III)-Luc Chevalier, born May 22, 1735 Mackinac, New France (Michigan), son (II)-Jean Baptiste Chevalier (1677-1752) and (II)-Francoise Alavoine (1690-1756); married about 1777 Marie Sauvagesse.
Laurent Ducharme born 1723 Montreal son Louis Ducharme and Marie Picard, is trading out of Milwakee. Jean Marie Ducharme (1723/24-1807) is licensed with brother Dominique Ducharme to trade out of Michilimackinac for Jean Orillat.
Thomas Favel born 1777 North West, census 1831 Red River.
Peter Fidler b-1777 married Mary Indian b-1765 likely North West.
Joseph Gagnon Sr. b-1777 Canada son Louison Gagnon; married about 1812 Josephte Lapiere and he is in Red River 1927 with wife and three sons under age 16 and 2 daughters under age 15 and 1 canoe.
Michael Gachkiwegiwanan (overcomes with much strength) born 1777 likely Lake Superior area died March 11, 1852 LaPointe, Wisconsin.
Joseph Kabimabi (Gambimabi) (To The Interior By Canoe) born 1777 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin a respected peace chief of the St. Croix Ojibwa Bands, married March 2, 1847 La Pointe, Wisconsin Maria Piness born 1787 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Francois Lacouture (Goneau et Gouneau) b-1777 married Josephte Indian b-1780 most likely North West, most likely son Lacouture (Goneau et Gouneau) b-1735
Charles Larocque b-1777 Canada married Catherine Lafournaise Metis b-1789 most likely North West.
Long who traveled to Lake Superior tries to rename the lake to Lake Tracy in honor of Monsuir de Tracy, who was appointed Viceroy of America by the French King but no one paid notice. Some still called it Upper Lake or Kitchi-Gumi.
Peter (Alexander) McCorrister (McCarriateau) born 1777 North West, census 1835 & (1838) Red River.
Augus McGilles born 1777 North West, census 1835 Red River.
Etienne Comtois dit Morin Metis b-1777, Canada, married Marguerite Sarcy Metis b-1779/87 most likely North West.
Josephine Odichkweiajabigokwe (Algonquian Cliff Woman) born 1777 likely Lake Superior died June 13, 1847 La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Catherine Ogimakwe (Chief Woman) born 1777 likely Lake Superior died La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Elisabeth Ominwewedjiwanok (Companions Were Taken Away) born 1777 likely Lake Superior died June 28, 1847 La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Joseph Page born 1777 North West, census 1835 Red River, Metis Country.
Pierre Parrant (Parent or Parant) Metis is born about 1777 Sault Ste Marie (Michigan/Ontario)
Detroit, marriage (V)-Antoine Robert, born October 18, 1747, Detroit son (IV)-Antoine Robert et Boucher (1765) b-1713 and (II)-Marie Louise Becquemont b-1727; married 1777 Therese Drowillard.
Prair du Rocher, Illinois marriage Jean Baptiste Saucier to Marie Josephte Belcourt born February 4, 1762 daughter Joseph Trottier Bellecour b-1705 and Marie Anne Mercier.
(I)-Ardent Schuyler de Peyster (1736-1822) commanded British Fort Detroit (Michigan) until 1784 when he returned to Scotland.
(I)-James Slater, b-1777, Orkney, married, 1805, Mary Metis (Native?), b-1780 most likely North West.
(I)-James Sutherland b-1777 Orkney married Jane Flett Indian b-1785 North West Territories.
George Sutherland of the H.B.C. wintered with a family of six Ojibwa near Lake Winnipeg (Manitoba). At Cat Lake he met a family of 27; 8 men, 20 women, and seven children. At Lake Pekangikum he met another family of 31; 7 men, 9 women and 15 children. He met two more families of 7 members and 15 members.
Thomas Swain, b-1777, lists no wife, but one son James Swain, b-1808 who married Josephte Descoteux, born May 1805.
John Thomas of Hudson Bay built Missinaibi House on the east side of Missinaibi Lake, two miles south of its outlet.
St. Louis, Missouri, Viceroyalty of New Spain, birth, (II)-Julie Vasquez (1777-1832) daughter (I)-Benito Vasquez (1738-1810) and Marie Julie Papin; married Louis Chatillon Coignard.
(III)-Jean Baptiste Cauchois (d-1777) moved his family to British Fort Detroit (Michigan).
John Lang (Langlade), the Metis, with twenty other Canadians, ventured north of Lake Superior, working the area for the next two seasons.
Travel passport issued for Venant Lemer St. Germain and Charles Paterson to Grand Portage. St. Germain and J.B. Nolin are in partnership in the North West in 1778.
Travel passport issued for (I)-Jean Etienne Waden, d-1782, a Swiss, C. Chaboillez, George McBeath, Alexander Ellice Guaranter and 32 men to Grand Portage.
Travel passport issued for F. Oakes and (I)-Lawrence Ermatinger (1736-1789), guarantor with 49 men, to Grand Portage.
Travel passport issued for William Kay, John Kay, guarantor with 49 men, to Grand Portage.
Travel passport issued for Jean Baptiste Adhemar, James McGill, guarantor with 94 men, to Grand Portage.
The number of trade and travel passports issued this year for the fur trade numbers 2,431, but twice that number were engaged in the fur trade without a license. Some of these traders called themselves 'Gen de Libre' or freemen.
Beaver Lake post upstream from Cumberland House was occupied by Tute and St. Germain (1777-1778).
Joseph Gabimabi (to the interior by canoe) born 1777 died March 13, 1854 LaPointe, Wisconsin. He is a contemporary and friend of Chief Great bison (buffalo), Kabamappa who was a respected peace Chief of the St. Croix Ojibwa Bands.
Gloucester House built this year on Washi Lake, some three hundred miles up the Albany River. George Sutherland surveyed the situation further inland, and he wintered with a family of Ojibwa near Lake Winnipeg. George Sutherland was a great drunkard and, when in his cup, a perfect mad-man. He married Icany, an Indian woman who could speak English, Cree and Ojibwa, and is also reported able to read and write. Frobisher built a Fort on the English River (Churchill River), 190 miles from Cumberland House. He also built on Isle a La Crosse Lake.
(I)-Lawrence Ermatinger Italian (1736-1789) and (I)-Jemima Oakes, arrived Montreal in 1760 where he established himself as a significant trading merchant. Lawrence financed such traders as Charles Larche, William Shaw, (I)-James Finlay, (who has been free trading the Saskatchewan River for years), John Gregory, Isaac Taylor and Forrest Oakes, sending over 100 men to British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Niagra, Michilimackinac, and Grand Portage. His brother-in-law, Forrest Oakes, was entrusted with managing 50 men trading out of Michilimackinac and Grande Portage. .
The British and Canadians briefly reoccupied Fort Ticonderoga a.k.a. Fort Carillon on the George River and Lake Champlain, but withdrew later this year after the surrender of General John Burgoyne at Sartoga, New York.
Francois LeBlanc born 1712 died October 8, 1794, also known as (Franceway, Saswee and Shish), voyager, who married July 24, 1764 Mackinac Marie Josephe Jourdain dit Josette died about 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter John Jourdain and Mary Reaume (daughter Qoua gua bouk Que) of Green Bay. Franceway retired to Sandwich, Ontario, now Windsor, across the Detroit River from Ecorse, Michigan. He was a free-trader from 1742 to 1772 and traded the Saskatchewan from 1768 to 1776. He retired with two children: Pierre Francois born 1773 who settled Ecorse, Michigan, and Susanne born 1777. Family tradition suggests Pierre went to live with the Indians and married. They got tired of fighting wars or being unsettled by the events of the times and that is why they left Canada and paddled across the Detroit River to Ecorse Michigan. Source Dan LeBlanc.
Spring: Robert Michel Aird issued license to trade out of Michilimackinac with one canoe and nine men, backed by William Aird.
Gloucester House is built on Washi Lake some 300 miles up the Albany River (Ontario). This was not sufficient to recover the lost trade.
Fort Sturgeon also called the Lower Settlement and later called Fort Saskatchewan contained Booty Graves, Charles McCormick, William Bruse, Peter Pond, (1740-1807), Peter Pangeman (1744-1819), Nicholes, Mature (Montour) Bartw, and (IV)-Joseph Barthelemi Blondeau (1743-1790). Joseph Frobisher (1740-1810) had departed for supplies. Three peddlers working out of Fort Sturgeon are killed by the Indians because of bad treatment at the fort. Fort Sturgeon or more correctly Sturgeon Creek Post aka Fort Saskatchewan was down river from Fort Edmonton.
About 700 Spanards (Islenos) migrated from the Canary Islands to Louisiana, New Spain.
All thirteen colonies observed 8 days of thanksgiving this year.
January 7: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Lisette La Violette born December 28, 1776; witness Pierre Janerai and Jaques Godet.
January 7: St. Louis, Missouri, marriage (II)-Antoine Marechal, Metis, b-1754 likely Cahokia, (Illinois) son (I)-Nicolas Marechal de St. Vincent and Marie Jeanne Illinoise et lleret; de Ste Anne, Fort Chartres; married a (IV)-Catherine Tabeau b-1757 daughter (III)-Jacques Hubert.
January 13: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Anne Knggas (Nexe) born January 11, 1777; witness Pierre Janerai and Jean Baptiste Touranjeau.
January 14: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Marie D'Arragon born 1695: witness Pierre Janerai and Francois Godet.
January 14: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)Agnes Aide-Crequy born this year daughter (III)Jean Baptiste and Marie Madeleine Gatignon Duchesne see 1763, she married August 17, 1795 Jean Baptiste Comparet.
January 20: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, Amable Latour son Pierre Latour married to (III)-Agnus Mesney b-1758 daughter (II)-Antoine Mesny; 1st marriage (III)-Jeanne Suzanne Casse died August 24, 1771 daughter (II)-Noel Casse and (II)-Suzanne Esteve; epouse August 13, 1765 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Pierre Parent.
January 20: Fort Detroit, marriage Amable Latour to (III)-Agnes Mesny, daughter (II)-Antoine Mesny (1712-1794) and (II)-Jeanne Seguin Laderoute b-1724.
January 23: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, Francois Amable Latour son Francis Latour and Marguerite Meloche.
January 27: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, (II)-Jean Baptiste Casse dit St. Aubin died January 27, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), son (I)-Jean Casse and (II)-Suzanne Esteve dit Lajeunesse born 1721; married October 8, 1770 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Therese Boyer.
January 29: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Joseph et Suzanne Chiquot child (IV)-Jean Baptiste Chiquot born 1749 and (IV)-Angelique Godefroy born 1753.
February: Birth Susanne LeBlanc daughter Francois Le Blanc born 1712 also known as (Franceway, Saswee and Shish), and Marie Josephe Jourdain dit Josette.
February 18: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, La Petite Saint Remi, born 1767 witness Pierre Janerai and Laurent Godet.
February 20: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, child of Lajoye born January 25, 1777: witness Pierre Janerai and Dominique Godet.
February 21: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Claude Couture (Goneau et Gouneau dit Lacputure) son (IV)-Jean Baptiste Couture (Goneau et Gouneau dit Lacputure) born 1735 and (IV)-Marie Campeau born 1742.
February 24: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Joseph Dube son (IV)-Jean Marie Dube born 1738 and (IV)-Marie Joseph Seguin born 1754.
February 25: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Hyacinthe Lacelle died June 18, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), child (III)-Jacques Lacelle (1735-1791) and (III)-Therese Berthelet.
February 26: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Charlotte Belair born 1760.
March 10: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, (V)-Joseph Douaire de Bondy son (IV)-Joseph Douaire de Bondy, and (IV)-Marie Joseph Gamelin born 1741; married Joseph Beaubien.
March 11: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Charles Touranjeau born January 25, 1777.
March 29: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Marie Joseph Chauvin daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste Chauvin born 1740 and (IV)-Therese Segun born 1752.
April 8: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, child of Noel Chauvin born 1776.
May 2: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Zacharie Cloutier born April 26, 1777.
May 5: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Marie Louise Gamelin died June 5, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter (IV)-Francois Gamelin died 1774 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), and Therese Cabassier born 1752 died May 26, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan).
May 20: Dominique Brunet dit Letang (Lestang) Sr. is licensed to trade Machilimackinac with one canoe and nine men for Jean Orillet.
May 21: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Jean Baptiste Le Beau born May 6, 1777.
May 21: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Catherine Le Duc born May 12, 1777.
May 22: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, Antoine Catin son Antoine Catin died before 1791 and was married about 1767 to Marie Anne Martin living south west of La Cote.
May 28: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Marie Louise Greffard daughter (IV)-Laurent Greffard b-1745 and (III)-Marie Anne Casse; married May 28, 1795 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Joseph Bariau.
May 29: The H.B.C. drops its ban on trading liquor to the Indians saying they are losing business to the pedlars.
May 31: Fort Detroit, birth (V)-Antoine Menard, Metis, died July 9, 1777 Fort Detroit son (IV)-Pierre Menard dit Montour, Metis, b-1725 and Genevieve Sicard epouse November 27, 1781 Fort Detroit Joseph Carie.
June 2: Detroit, marriage (IV)-Louis Jean Tremblay born January 23, 1750 Baie St. Paul son (III)-Ambroise Trembley and (IV)-Marguerite Simard b-1726, epouse November 23, 1767 Detroit Charles Moran; married Marie Joseph Raymond
June 18: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Jean Baptiste Lacelle (Il etait June 18, 1777, British Fort Detroit (Michigan)) 1st married most likely British Fort Detroit (Michigan) a Marguerite Meloche died November 20, 1790, 2nd marriage November 20 1790 British Fort Detroit (Michigan) Catherine Rivard daughter Jean Baptiste Rivard.
June 27-28: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth/death, (V)-Marie Louise Campeau daughter (IV)-Charles Campeau, voyager, born 1746 and (II)-Marie Louise Borde dit St. Surin (ou Cambek en 1777) born December 19, 1755 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).
June 20: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (III)-Angelique Huyet daughter (II)-Pierre Huyet et Huguet-Huiette-Ponceley-Champagne born 1737 and (IV)-Marie Reine Trempley born 1744.
June 28: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Francois Maisonville born 1772.
July 4: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Joseph Godet born June 21, 1777.
July 17: Detroit, birth (V)-Marie Genevieve Tremblay daughter (IV)-Joseph Francois Tremblay b- 1745 and (IV)-Marguerite Simard b-1726.
July 21: Kamouraska, Quebec, marriage, Francois Janot 1st to Genevieve 2nd to (III)-Marie Agathe Gueret b-1745.
July 31: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth/death, (IV)-Nicolas Gastinon died August 13, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), son (III)-Pierre Jean Gastinon et Gatignon dit Duchene born 1754 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan) and (III)-Marie Joseph David (1698-1793).
August 10, Fort Detroit, birth (III)-Charles Denis Pitre son (II)-Jean Baptiste Pitre and (III)-Marie Francoise Anne St Come (1753-1783).
August 10: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth/death, (IV)-Anonyme Drouillard child (III)-Francois Drouillard and (II)-Marie Anne Vilers daughter (I)-Louis Vilers.
August 11: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Amable Mesny, Metis, died August 27, 1777 Fort Detroit son (III)-Antonie Mesny, b-1751 and (II)-Catherine Brilland ( Brillant) dit Lapierre, Metis b- 1753.
August 12: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Marie Louise Bernier born August 2, 1777.
August 13: Father (I)-Sebastin Louis Meurin (1707-1777) died Prairie Du Rocher (Rock Prairie) (Randilph Co., Illinois).
August 18: Detroit, birth/death (III)-Simon Navarre, Metis, died August 20 son (II)-Robert Navarre, Metis, b-1739 and (III)-Marie Louise DeMarsac, b-1744;
August 25: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth/death, (IV)-Anonyme Gastinon child (III)-Claude Francois Gastinon born 1756 and (II)-Jeanne Billiau (1762-1791).
August 27: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Rene DeMarsac son (III)-Francois DeMarsac sieur de L'Homme Trou and (IV)-Marie Charlotte Bourassa;
September 7: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), baptism, (IV)-Angelique Cauchois born April 1776 Michillimakinac daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste Cauchois (died before 1777), voyager and (II)-Angelique Sejourne dit Sanschagrin.
September 7: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), baptism, (IV)-Alexis Cauchois born June 1777 Michillimakinac son (III)-Jean Baptiste Cauchois (died before 1777), voyager and (II)-Angelique Sejourne dit Sanschagrin.
September 4: Detroit, birth, (V)-Basile Lauzon son (IV)-Jacques Lauzon b-1737 and (II)-Marie Anne Casse.
September 5: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (II)-Marie Suzanne Gaillard daughter (I)-Louis Gaillard born 1737 and Marguerite Salazar et Channazard born 1747.
September 5: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), death (IV)-Pierre Jean Masse born Janusry 10, 1749 Quebec, married 1770 Marie Larocee son (III)-Pierre Marie Masse b-1708 and (IV)-Marie Jeanne Pinguet (1715-1757).
September 14: (I)- James Sutherland (1751-1797) of Orkney returned to the employ of the Hudson Bay Company after a two year absence in London. He arrived at Moose Factory September 14. According to the terms of his contract, signed in February, he was to travel from the Factory to any parts inland in order to better discover the Indian Country and improve the trade. He made two packet runs between Albany and Moose factory, being led by two unidentified Indians, delivering the mail in December. His brother (I)- Andrew Sutherland is also employed with the company this year, having previously served at York Factory.
September 21: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Marie Louise Catin born January 1777.
September 28: (I)-James Southerland (1751-1797) arrived at Albany, or so recorded Thomas Hutchins, d-1790, Chief at Albany.
September 29: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, Therese Casse daughter Antoine Casse and Marie Jeanne dit Robert Jeanne who died October 1, 1777.
September 30: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Reine Jeannes son (III)-Robert Jeannes et Jeanne b-1730, died April 3, 1793 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), and (IV)-Catherine Reaume b-1740.
October 1: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), death, Antoine Casse who married (IV)-Marie Jeannas daughter (III)-Robert Jeannes (1730-1793) and (IV)-Vatherine Reaume b-1740.
(II)-Pierre Dejean, October 3, 1777, Detroit son (I)- Philippe DeJean, b-1734 to (III)-Theotiste Cosme et St. Cosme, Metis, born February 8, 1755
October 10: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Antoine Langlois born January 1777.
October 12: Detroit, birth (V)-Simon Trembley, died December 23, 1777 Detroit, son (IV)-Ls Michel Tremblay b-1738 and (II)-Cecile Yax b-1753.
October 14: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Pierre Campeau born November 26, 1776.
October 16: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Julienne Cuillerier born 1712.
October 19: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Jean Baptiste Duprat died November 7, 1777 British Fort Detroit (Michigan) son (IV)-Jean Baptiste Duprat born 1735 and (III)-Agnes Tremblay born 1749.
October 21: Green Bay, birth (IV)-Pierre Antoine (Fanfan) Grignon, Metis baptised Mackinac August 6, 1787, died 1823 Green Bay (son espouse), son (III)-Pierre Grignon (1740-1795) and Menominee/Winnebago, 2nd marriage August 8, 1787 (1776?) (V)-Louise Domitide Langlade b-1759; married 1st 1801 Charlotte Pemonica, 2nd 1811 Marie Chellefoux. Note: Tanguay suggests Pierre Antoine is son Louise Langlade, but he didn't marry her until 1787?? Linda Waggoner suggests he the son Domitelle De Langlade.
October 26: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (II)-Marie Joseph Fontenay dit L'Espagnol (surnoms) Dagneau de Quindre) Metis daughter (I)-Francois de Florence Fontenay dit L'Espagnol and Marie Sauteuse, sauvagesse.
November 17: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Genevieve DeMarsac daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste (also called Benjamin) DeMarsac (1742- 1793) and (IV)-Genevieve Seguin.
November 17: Fort Detroit, birth, (VII)-Jean Baptiste Pelletier son (VI)-Jean Baptiste Pelletier (1744-1778) and Catherine Vallee.
November 24: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Seraphine Greffard daughter (IV)-Louis Greffard and (III)-Marguerite Casse; married January 7, 1794 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), Ignace Sene.
December 1: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Joseph Campeau son (IV)-Jean Baptiste Campeau born 1737 and Catherine Boyer.
December 8: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Marie Louise Crete daughter (IV)-Jean Baptiste Crete born 1736 and (II)-Marie Joseph Atmond born 1741.
December 19: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (V)-Marie Therses Campeau daughter (IV)-Jean Baptiste Campeau born 1743 and (V)-Genevieve Godet born 1751.
December 19: Fort Detroit birth (V)-Elisabeth Lemay daughter (IV)-Theophile Lamay and Desanges Pelletier.
December 22: Detroit, birth (II)-Marie Louise Macomb, Metis, daughter (I)-Alexander Mcomb and (II)-Marie Catherine Navarre, Metis, b-April 13, 1757, Detroit.
December 23: Assumption de la Pointe de Montreal du Detroit (Essex, Ontario), death, Catherine Dufour born 1738.
December 28: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, Francois Latour son Amable Latour and (III)-Agnas Mesny b-1758.
1778
The following known traders are on the Saskatchewan River, North West Territories: Blondeau with 6 canoes, (I)-Charles McCormick of Ireland with 6 canoes, Gibush (Waden) with 3 canoes, Peter Pangman (1744-1819), a German some say Dutch, with 5 canoes, Booty Graves of Britain with 5 canoes, Homes of Ireland and partners (I)-Cuthbert Grant d-1799 & brother (I)-Robert Grant, d-1801 of North Briton (Scotland) with 5 canoes between them. This represents some 120-150 men, women and children. (I)-Jean Etienne Waden, d-1782, a Swiss wintered 1778/79 on the Saskatchewan River, he was also reported on Lac la Ronge this season..
Robert Michel Aird is trading out of Prairie du Chein.
John McBean (1778-1854) joined NWC at Fond du Lac (1804-1821), became a partner at Fort William, 1816, became Chief Factor in charge of Huron District at La Cloche,1821, where he remained until 1837, retired to Berthier, Lower Canada. 1st married country wife and had 3 children, William, Charles and a daughter. 2nd marriage Isabella Latour, widow of Alexander MacKenzie, by who he had two children.
(I)-William Cadwell (1750-1822), a Butler Ranger, and 50 men are posted to British Fort Detroit (Michigan).
Joseph Caplette born 1778 North West, census 1838 Red River, Metis Country.
Charles Jean Baptiste Cuillerier Beaubien (aka Black Ribbon) (1748-1749), an interpreter to the Miami Indians, son Jean Baptiste Beaubien (1709-1793) and Marie Anne Lootman Barrois (1726-1805), married to Catherine Pocanne Roy Metis.
Andre Beauchemin b-1778 Europe married Charlotte Pelletier Metis b-1785 and 2nd marriage Madeleine Ducharme Metis b-1801 Red River Settlement daughter Pierre Ducharme b-1776 Canada and 1st marriage unknown and 2nd marriage Catherine Saulteaux Indian b-1801
Joseph Beaupre, Metis b-1778/79 Canada married Josephte Cadotte, Metis b-1780/81 Pembina,
(IV)-Joseph Barthelemi Blondeau (1743-1790) of British Michillimahnac (Michigan) is reported to be wintering near Prince Albert, (Saskatchewan).
John Brown b-1778 married Elizabeth Metis b-1780 likely North West Territories.
Charles Cloutier, Ojibwa Metis, b-1778, arrived 1828 Mackinac son of a Frenchman and Ojibwa Woman.
Louise La Debauche born 1778 likely La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin), married August 9, 1835 La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin), Marie Kimissikwe born 1802 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Carolina Ikwemigen (Among Them Women) born 1778 likely Lake Superior died April 5, 1843 La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin).
(I)-John Kipling, a bigamist, born April 27, 1724, Barningham, England, died November 23, 1794, Fort Albany, arrived Hudson Bay this year. He married 1st. Hannah Healey 1762 England, she died 1804, he entered into a bigamist, 2nd marriage 1773 Marguerite Oknese a Native Baywife, and a third marriage, 1787 Nancy a Native Baywife; became master at Gloucester House and is instructed by Governor Thomas Hutchins, d-1790, to gather geographical information.
Dominique Lacroix (Hubert?) is living on the upper Mississippi River, in the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
Thibert Laderoute b-1778 Canada married Marguerite Sansregret Metis b-1780 most likely North West.
Jean Baptiste Lagemonier b-1778 Canada married Martin Gaboury b-1775.
Kaskaskia, Illinois, Stanislas Levasseur b-1732 married 1756 Quebec Francois Del'oeil arrived before 1778 Kaskaskia, Illinois. Children recorded are: Nicolas Simeon Levasseur b-160 Quebec married January 18, 1784 likely Kaskaskia, Illinois Therese Bienvenu. Charlotte Levasseur b-1762 Quebec, Jean Baptiste Levasseur (1771-1778) Kaskaskia, Pierre Levasseur d-1776 Kaskaskia, Noel Levasseur b-1757 Kaskaskia.
Charles McKenzie b-1778 married Mary McKay Metis b-1795 North West Territories.
(II)-James Morwick b-1778, son man named (I)-Morwick from Orkney and a Native Woman; married Sarah (Lobiston?), Metis b-1783 (b-1800) most likely North West Territories.
Bastonnais Pangman, a Metis, is born on the Saskatchewan River, North West Territories, son Peter Pangman (1744-1819)- a German some say Dutch and a Cree mother.
James Piggot, a privateer, settled Grand Ruisseau (near Columbia, Illinois).
John Pritchard b-1778, married, Marie Sauvage Indian b-1790 most likely North West Territories.
(I)-John Peter Pruden b-1778 England 1st married Nancy Ann, Metis b-1787, 2nd marriage Ann Armstrong b-1795 most likely North West.
Charles Reaume (1743-1813) works for his brother-in-law, Jehu Hay- Deputy Superintendent of Indian Department.
John Ross is trading the Pasquia (the Pas) on the lower Saskatchewan.
(I)-John Sayer Sr b-1750 England, (retired 1805/07 to Montreal, Quebec) married 1st about 1778 Obemauunoqua daughter Mamongazida (Big Foot), 2nd marriage Elizabeth McPherson; children appear to be Pierre Guillaume b-1779, John Charles, Henry, Margaret and James.
William Shaygonaybe b-1778, living 1870 census Hart, Michigan.
Thomas Smith b-1778 married Susanne Dumont Metis b-1783 most likely North West.
(I)-James Tait (Tate) (1758-1834) Joined HBC (1778-1812) York District, married unnamed Indian woman
(II)-Jean or Jane Tait married John Spence
(II)-Margaret Tait Metis
(II)-James Tait Metis b-1810
(II)-William Tait Metis
(I)-Philip Turnor (Turner) (1751-1799/1800) joined HBC (1778-1799) surveyor HBC region of (Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and NWT) surveyed 1778 York Factory, Fort Albany, Moose Factory (Ontario). No record of any marriages but he was obsessed that most HBC men had natives wives maintained by the HBC posts. Likely children are
(II)-John Turner Metis b-1782 Hudson Bay joined HBC (1802-1831) but went back to Indians (1804-1811)
(II)-Joseph Turner Metis Sr. (1783-1865) joined HBC (1799-1865) moose Factory
A John Turner Metis or Indian (1780-1846) is in Red River 1790's married to a Chippewas but not likely a son?
Meskanee Point Turner Metis married 1806 Fox Lake to Akeenaason Cree could be another son? They named their son David
John Ward Metis b-1778 North West Territories married Angelique Bruyere Metis b-1780 North West Territories.
John Webber (1752-1793) made a sketch of Nootka artifacts at Nootka Sound, British Columbia. He also made a sketch of a large Nootka Ceremonial Lodge, also at Nootka Sound. Another sketch shows a Nootka Village engaged in trade with a small single sail boat. He was part of the James Cook's Voyage to the Pacific (1773-1784). Webber noted that the Nootka People practiced weaving.
(I)-Robert Grant, d-1801 is one of the founding members of the NWC. This year he built Fort Esperance on the Qu'appelle River, between Rocannville and Spy Hill, Saskatchewan.
Eustache Vallie (Vallette) born 1778 North West, census 1835 Red River, possible son Alexis Valle?.
Travel passport issued for Charles Chaboillez, Guarantors (I)-Benjamin Frobisher (1742-1787) and T. Cory to Grand Portage.
Travel passport issued for W. and J. Kay, D. Rankin guarantors G. Phyn and Jas McGill for Grande Portage.
Travel passport issued for (I)-Jean Etienne Waden d-1782, a Swiss, guaranteed by Richard Dobie a Scot and J. McKindley for Grand Portage.
Travel passport issued for Homes and Grant guaranteed by (I)-Robert Grant, d-1801 and Porteous%2