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Jimmy McAleer (1864–1931) was an American center fielder, manager, and stockholder in Major League Baseball who helped establish the American League. He spent most of his 13-season playing career with the Cleveland Spiders, and went on to manage the Cleveland Blues, St. Louis Browns, and Washington Senators. Shortly before his retirement, he became a major shareholder in the Boston Red Sox. His career ended abruptly. During his brief tenure as co-owner of the Red Sox, McAleer quarreled with longtime friend and colleague Ban Johnson, president of the American League. McAleer's rift with Johnson, along with his sudden retirement, damaged his professional reputation, and he received little recognition for his contributions to baseball. Today, he is most often remembered for initiating the customary request that the President of the United States throw out the first ball of the season. (more...)

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• 1879 – Fighting in the War of the Pacific between Chile and a Peruvian–Bolivian alliance, opened with the Battle of Topáter.
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• 1931 – Bhagat Singh, one of the most influential revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement, and two others were executed by British authorities.
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• 2001 – The Russian Federal Space Agency forced the space station Mir to deorbit and crash into the Pacific Ocean.

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