The first recorded black slaves appeared in New France this year, 
adding to the Indian slaves population presently being held.

FRENCH HISTORY 1690-1693

FRENCH INDEX Return to Main French INDEX

DIRECTORY Return to MAIN HISTORY INDEX

1683  

The mission Lachenaye de la Province de Quebec is established this year.

120 fur-trading licenses (cunges) were issued in Quebec instead of 25 to private persons 

Acadia, birth Jacques Cellier dit Charet Metis son Unknown Cellier dit Charet (Memcharet)d-1708 married 1682, Acadia, Marie Amerindien.b-1663, died March 7, 1727, Port Royal, Acadia ; married Elisabeth

Birth (III)-Marguerite Langlois, Metis, daughter, (II)-Jean Langlois, Metis, b-1648 and (II)-Marie Cadieu: married November 10, 1700 St. Thomas, Jean Blouin.

About 95,489 pounds of beaver pelts are shipped to France but by 1685 this dropped to 23,568.

Three quarters or more of the French peasants heard mass only four times a year.  When they did attend, they walked out of the church as soon as the priest began his sermon, standing in the lobby arguing, brawling during the service and even bringing their dogs into church; so reported the priests.  The Intendant complained that at least 60 heretics (Huguenots) have left the colony for neighboring English Protestant colonies.

The church also operated institutions for the chronically ill, the insane, and for women of loose morals.  Louis Franquet observed that due to fear of punishment, the illegitimate (enfant du Roi) French children are given to the Wendat natives at Lorette near Quebec, the Abenakis from present day Maine at St. Francois east of Ville-Marie (Montreal) and the Iroquois at Caughnawaga (Kahnawake), St. Regis and the Lake of Two Mountains both west of Fort Ville-Marie (Montreal).  These locations also raised English children taken as captives during French raiding parties.  Most (engant du Roi) illegitimate children are the result of the master of the house taking sexual privilege of his servants, a long standing practice adopted from Europe.

(I)-Antoine Laumet de Lamothe Cadillac born March 5, 1658 died October 15, 1730 both in France son Jean Laumet, arrived in Acadia and is quickly labeled as a man with an evil mind.  It is rumored that he was kicked out of France.

This year the Intendant complained to the authorities in Versailles that at least 60 "heretics" had left the colony for neighboring English Protestant colonies.

The whole of Acadia only has 600 souls, not counting the Indians.

January 23: Champlain, birth (III)-Marie Jeanne Desrosiers, Metis daughter (II)-Michel Desrosiers b-1652 and (II)-Marie Jeanne Artaut, Metis 

February 1:   A four point decree is issued in New France:

• Merchants are forbidden to go to Trois Riveres, Ville-Marie (Montreal) or other places on the Upper River for the purpose of selling or delegating the sale of merchandise, in large or small quantities, to the French or Natives, directly or indirectly, and they are not allowed to be present in such locations from June 1st to the last day of October.
• No owner of a dwelling above the city of Ville-Marie (Montreal), or any other city, is allowed to prevent Natives, directly or indirectly, from getting to the location of the fair, nor to stop them upon their return, under what ever pretext.
• When Natives are in Ville-Marie (Montreal) for the purpose of trading, it is forbidden to influence where and with whom they trade.  They must be left entirely free to go trading where or with whom they wish (within those authorized merchants of Ville-Marie (Montreal)).
• No person without a family, except children of the land (Metis), is allowed to trade with the natives for his own profit or someone else's, also under penalty of a fine of 200 livres. 

February 15:  Quebec, birth, (II)-Jeanne Angelique St. Michel, Metis died April 13, 1746,  daughter (I)-Francoise St. Michel dit Rosiers b-1656 and (II)-Marie Artaut, Metis, b-1667; married 1699 Rene Frerot.

May 14:  Marie Quequejeu, a Kings Daughter is executed and on the same day her son-in-law Pierre Doret, a coureor de bois is also executed.

June 17: Trois Rivieres, birth (III)-Pierre Lefebvre, Metis son (II)-Jacques Lefervre, Metis, seigneur de la Baie St. Antoine, (1647-1720), and Jeanne Aunois, savage/Metis b-1621 of the Indian Nation, died February 11, 1697, Trois Riviers; 

June 20: Levis, birth (III)-Angelique Miville. Metis, daughter, (II)-Francois Miville and (II)-Marie Langlois, Metis (1636-1687); married April 26, 1702 Cap St. Ignace, Louis Gamache

June 30: Trois Rivieres, marriage (I)-Jacques Godfroy b-1653 married Jeanne Brunet b-1665 illegitimate daughter Marie Catherine Cotton who married 1666 Pierre Brunet.

July:  Trois Rivers, birth, or January 5, 1684, Trois Rivers, Jacques Montour, Metis, baptised May 1, 1684 Nicolet, son Louis Cous dit Montour, Metis, and Madeleine Sacokie, of the Sokokis tribe, a subgroup of Abenakis.

July 19: Montreal, marriage (I)-Jean Laroche (1668-1713) married (II)-Madeleine Lereau (Larreau) et Lheureux [a Belgium], venue 1719 (I)-Louis Leduc a Panis of the Chicachias Nation, (1686-1736) and daughter (I)-Simon Lereau a Belgium; seven children are recorded 

August 18: Beauport, marriage (II)-Jean Baptiste Prevost, Metis b-1659, died May 12, 1737 St. Augustin son (I)-Martin Prevost (1611-1691) and Marie Olivier Sylvestre, Sauvagesse, (1626-1665); married 1st August 18, 1683 Beauport, (II)-Marie Anne Giroux, (Girou) b-1667; 2nd marriage February 3, 1712, Ste Foye, Genevieve Sedilot

August 18: Beauport, marriage (II)-Michel Giroux b-1661, died August 6, 1715 Beauport, son (I)-Toussaint Giroux; married (II)-Marie Therese Provost, Metis b-1665, died May 20, 1743 Beauport, daughter (I)-Martin Provost (1611-1691) and Marie Oliver Sylvestre Manitouabewich, Sauvagesse, b-1626, died September 10, 1665 Quebec, 

August 29: Ste Pierre, I., birth (II)-Ignace Rate, Metis, son (I)-Jacques Rate, (1630-1690) and (II)-Anne Martin, Metis, b-1645. 

September 1: St. Thomas, birth (II)-Marie Anne Prou Metis daughter (I)-Jean Prou (1647-1703) and (II)-Jacquette Fouenier, Metis, b-1659, Quebec daughter (I)-Guillaume Fournier (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Hebert Metis, b-1638; married July 10, 1703 St. Thomas, Jacques Tibaut

September 18: Sorel, birth (III)-Marguerite Crevier Metis daughter (II)-Jean Crevier Sieur Duvernet-Duvernay, Metis b-1642 and (II)-Marguerite Hertel 

September 19:  Beauport, birth, (III)-Ange Prevost, Metis, died August 2, 1753, Charlesbourg, son (II)-Louis Prevost, Metis, (1651-1686) and (II)-Marguerite Careau, b-1662: married February 1, 1719 L'Ange Garden, (II)-Marie Brisson, b-1675, died October 21, 1750, Charlesbourg, veuve Nicolas Julien

September 24:  King Louis XIV ordered the expulsion of all Jews from French possessions in America.

October 6: St. Ignace, birth (II)-Genevieve Lemieux, Metis, daughter (I)-Guillaume Lemieux b-1648 and (II)-Elizabeth Langlois, Metis, (1645-1696): married November 5, 1698 St. Ignace, Gabriel.

October 17: Beauport, birth (II)-Joseph Savariaux son (I)-Jacques Savariaux (Metis?) (1636-1724) and Suzanne Lacroix, (Huron?) (1653-1718), this family is most likely sauvage or Metis family

October 23:  Quebec, birth (II)-Ursule Hervieux, Metis, died August 29, 1692 Quebec son (I)-Isaac Hervieux b-1651 and (III)-Marie Anne Pinguet, Metis (1661-1687).

November 3: Champlain marriage (II)-Francois Fafard dit Delorme - Lapavanne (1654/60-1734) son (I)-Francoise Fafard (1630-1711) and Marie Richard (1636-1696) daughter Simeon Richard b-1606 and Catherine Constancineau b-1608
1^st married 1683 Champlain (II)-Magdeleine Marguerite Jobin (1664-1711)
     (III)-Francois Fafard b-1684 Champlain d-1745 Trois Rivieres, married 1713 Trois Rivieres, Jeanne Lemaitee
     (III)-Charles Fafard dit Delorme b-1687 Batiscan, d-1756 I’Ile Dupas, arrived Detroit 1707, married 1717 Francoise Lemaitre, children named Delorme
     (III)-Madeleine Fafard b-1691, I’Ile Dupas married 1711 Detroit Prudent Robert
     (III)-Marie Marguerite Fafard b-1695 Batiscan, married 1710 Michel Bissilon (Bisaillon)
     (III)-Marie Joseph Fafard dit Delorme b-1698 Batiscan 1^st married 1716 Charlesbourg, Pierre Auclair, 2^nd marriage 1729 Jacques Colombier
     (III)-Mary Anne Fafard married 1720 Sorel Jean Baptiste Lupien Baron
     (III)-Alexis Joseph Fafard (1706-1706) Batiscan
     (III)-Joseph et Etienne Farfard dit Delorme b-1708 Detroit
2^nd marriage 1713 Detroit Barbe Loisel b-1663 veuve de Francois Ls Gantier

1684

Trois Rivieres?, marriage (III)-Marguerite Crevier, Metis born likely Trois Rivieres? daughter  (II)-Nicolas Crevier dit Bellerive Metis and Louise Leloutre, b-1648; married (I)-Laurent Baudet

Governor Dongan of New York wrote Governor (I)-Joseph-Antoine La Febure de La Barre (1622-1688) disputed the French claim of 25 years possession of New York by sending Jesuits among them as very slender.  The Jesuits have no right to title.

(II)-Joseph Fournier Metis (1661-1741) St. Thomas son (I) Guillaume Fournier (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Hebert Metis (1638-1716); married 1684/85 (II)-Barbe Girard (1667-1737)

Martin Lejeune dit Briard, married 1684, Acadia, Jeanne Marie Kagigconiac sauvageese.

Julien Talua killed Antoine Roy dit Desjardins at Lachine when he found Roy in bed with his wife.

January 5:  Trois Rivieres, (III)-Jacques Couc aka Jean Montour, son (II)-Louis Ciuc dit Montour, b-1659 and Madeleine Sacokie.

February 24:  Beauport, Quebec, birth (III)-Therese Francoise Prevost, Metis, died January 17, 1722 Montreal, daughter (II)-Jean Prevost, Metis, b-1660 and (II)-Francoise LeBlanc, b-1662: married January 17, 1712, Montreal (III)-Jean Baptiste Menard, b-1690 son (II)-Jean Baptiste Menard.

March 8: St. Pierre I.O., birth (III)-Pierre Martin Cote, Metis, son  (II)-Martin Cote, Metis, b-1639 and (II)-Suzanne Page;

March 21:  Quebec, birth (II)-Jean Blanchet, Metis son (II)-Pierre Blanchet, b-1646 and (II)-Marie Fournier, Metis, b-1855 daughter (I)-Guillaume Fournier (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Hebert, Metis, b-1638    

April 10:   An ordinance is passed to prohibit emigration from Few France to the English colonies, with a penalty of death.  This is an attempt to prevent the Coureurs des Bois and Metis from trading with the English.

April 13:  Boucherville, birth (III)-Leger Martin Metis son  (II)-Charles Martin Metis b-1648 and  2nd marriage October 6, 1683 Boucherville Marie Attanville b-1645, veuve Jean Fauconnier. 1st marriage November 28, 1663 Montreal, Catherine Dupuy (1644-1682);

April 30:  Sorel, marriage (I)-Pierre Joachim Germano aka Germaneau b-1656 to (II)-Marie Elisabeth Couc dit Lafleur Metis b-1667 daughter (I)-Pierre Couc dit St Lieuvin b-1624 and Marie Mite8ameg8k8e (1631-1649) an Algonquine
    (II)-Michel Germano Metis b-1695 d-1734 Montreal, married 1717 Montreal, Catherine Lecuyer dit L'Escuyer

May 2:   Beaupre:  (I)-Baron Louis Armand de Lom d'Arce de la Hontan (1666-1710/15) wrote:  In truth, the peasants here live much more comfortably than do many gentlemen in France.  When I say peasants, I am in error.  One must say habitants since, here, the word peasant is no more welcome than it is in Spain.

June 2: Beauport, birth (III)-Marie Therese Langlois, Metis daughter (II)-Noel Langlois dit Traversy, Metis d-1693 and (II)-Aymee Caron d-1685:

July 10:   Antoine Roy, a.k.a. Desjardins, a retired soldier of the Carignan Regiment, is killed by Julen Talua, a.k.a. Vendamont who had found him in his wife's bed, in Ville-Marie (Montreal)..

July 31:  King Louis XIV ordered de la Barre to send all Iroquois prisoners to France to serve in the galleys, because, said the letters royal, “these savages are strong and robust.”

September 2: Beauport, birth (III)-Louise Giroux, Metis, died January 9, 1740 L'Ange-Gardien son (II)-Michel Giroux (1661-1715) Beauport and (II)-Marie Therese Provost, Metis (1665,-1743): married May 11, 1705 L'Ange-Gardien,  Angelique Garnier

September 26:  Quebec, birth (II)-Francois Lucien Gatien, Metis, son (I)-Pierre Gaten b-1659 and (III)-Genevieve Pinguet, Metis (1665-1702).

June 5: Boucherville, birth (II)-Jean Charron, Metis, New France, son (I)-Pierre Charron (1640-1700) and Catherine Pilliar, ou Pilet-Pillard, b-1651?, a Filles du Roi, and Metis or Indian, of New France, baptized March 30, 1646 La Rochelle, France.  DNA analysis 'suggests' she is either Indian or Metis from New France:

September 7, Quebec, birth (II)-Claude  Beriau Metis son (I)-Jean Vincent Beriau.(1653-1715) and (II)-Marie Cordeau, Metis b-1660

November 19: Beauport, birth (III)-Louis Langlois, Metis, son, (II)-Jean Langlois, Metis, b-1648 and (II)-Marie Cadieu: married Madeleine Guyon

November 20:  Ville-Marie (Montreal), marriage (II)-Francois Prudhomme (1651-1741) to (II)-Cecile Gervaise, Metis, daughter, (I)- Jean Gervaise (1621-1690), and (II)-Anne Archambault, Metis (1621- 1699).

1685  

The mission Riviere Ouelle de la Province de Quebec is established this year.

Julien Aubois dit St. Julien married 1685 Port Royal Acadie, Jeanne Mahis Amerindian

Birth (II)-Marie Anne Bruneau out-of-wedlock to (I)-Catherine Bruneau, a Filles du Roi of 1670 who married September 3, 1670, Jean Monin

(I)-Jean Baptiste Darpentigny married Montreal, Madeleine Therese Sauvagesse
    (II)-Francoise Darpentigny b-1686 Montreal 

(II)-Jean Fafard (1657-1756) died Detroit married 1685 Trois Rivieres to (II)-Marguerite Couck Metis b-1664 daughter (I)-Couc dit Lafleur (1624-1665) and Marie Mite8ameg8k8e (1631-1699) an Algonquine; 
    (III)-Marguerite Fafard Metis b-1686 married 1710 Detroit Jean Baptiste Turpin
    (III)-Jean Baptiste Fafard Metis married 1715 Detroit, Marguerite Joseph Queroti 
  

Marriage (II)-Joseph Fournier Metis b-July 13, 1661/62 Quebec son (I)-Guillaume Fournier (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Hebert, Metis, b-1638; married about 1684/85 likely Cap St. Ignace, (II)-Barbe Girard (1667-1737) daughter (I)-Joachim Girard
    (III)-Joseph Fournier Metis married 1710 Cap St. Ignace, Elizabeth Gagne.
    (III)-Francois Fournier Metis b-1685 Cap St. Ignace, died 1712 Baie St. Paul.
    (III)-Anonyme Fournier Metis (1686-1686) Cap St. Ignace.
    (III)-Jean Fournier Metis b-1688 d-1738 St Thomas, married 1717 St Thomas Louise Joncas 
    (III)-Anonyme Fournier Metis (1689-1689) Cap St. Ignace.
    (III)-Anonyme Fournier Metis (1690-1690) Cap St. Ignace.
    (III)-Anonyme Fournier Metis (1691-1691) Cap St. Ignace.
    (III)-Francois Fournier Metis (1692-1692) Cap St. Ignace.
    (III)-Anonyme Fournier Metis (1693-1693) Cap St. Ignace.
    (III)-Marie Barbe Fournier Metis b-1694 Cap St. Ignace.
    (III)-Pierre Fournier Metis (1696-1696) Cap St. Ignace.
    (III)-Andre Fournier Metis (1697-1697) Cap St. Ignace.
    (III)-Dorthee Fournier Metis b-1697 Cap St. Ignace, married 1st. 1721 Cap St. Ignace, Claude Guimond, married 2nd 1738 Philippe Ignace Gravel.
    (III)-Anne Fournier Metis b-1700 Cap St. Ignace, married 1st. 1729 St Thomas Jean Gagne, married 2nd. 1745 St Thomnas, Ambroise Verieul .
    (III)-Anonyme Fournier Metis (1702-1702) 
    (III)-Francoise Fournier Metis (1704-1767) St Thomas married 1732 St Thomas, Germain Talon
    (III)-Francois Fournier Metis b-1704 Cap St. Ignace, married 1727 St Thomas, Elisabeth Belanger 
    (III)-Auguste Fournier Metis (1703-1703) Cap St. Ignace

Quebec, birth (II)-Jacques Hervieux, Metis, son (I)-Isaac Hervieux b-1651 and (III)-Marie Anne Pinguet, Metis (1661-1687); married Marie Tullia.

(I)- Jean-Vincent d'Abbadie de Saint Castin married 1670 / rehabilitated Acadia 1684. 1st married 1670 Mathilde Madokawando;  He married a second time 1685, Acadia to Marie Pidiwammiskawa, sister of Mathilde.  Their father was Chief Madokawando an Abenaki (1630-1696).

The Edict of Nantes forced the removal of some leading Huguenot merchants and their return to France if they did not renounce their religion.

Sumptuous, magnificent meals and dances or balls are dangerous and licentious recreations in New France.  Moderate dances with people of her own sex in the presence of her mother may be permitted, but never in the presence of men or boys.  Comedy plays, no matter how holy the subject matter, are not permitted.

January 1:   (I)-Jacques Rene de Brisay de Denonville (1737-1710) is appointed Governor of New France, serving August 1, 1685 to October 12, 1689 (August 12, 1689).

February 19: Cap St. Ignace, birth (III)-Paul Langlois, Metis, son (II)-Jean Langlois dit Boisverdun, Metis (1641-1687) and (II)-Francoise Charlotte Belanger, epouse 1695 Thomas Rousseau:

March 26: Riviere Ouelle, birth (II)-Marie Barbe Prou Metis daughter (I)-Jean Prou (1647-1703) and (II)-Jacquette Fouenier, Metis, b-1659, Quebec daughter (I)-Guillaume Fournier (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Herbert Metis b-1638; married June 11, 1704, Louis Isabel

May 7:  Sorel, marriage (III)-Francois Pelletier Metis (1663-1692) killed by the Iroquois son (II)-Jean Pelletier Metis (1647-1692) and (II)-Marie Genevieve Manevely de Rainville; married (II)-Genevieve Le Tendre daughter (I)-Pierre La Tendre, and epouse December 9, 1693 Sorel Etienne Volant 
    (IV)-Jean Francois Pelletier Metis b-1691 Sorel, married 1715 Quebec (II)-Catherine Arnaud b-1694
    (IV)-Joseph Pelletier Metis (692-1692) Sorel

May 7: Sorel, marriage (II)-Charles Boucher to (III)-Marguerite Agnes Pelletier Metis b-1666 Sillery daughter (II)-Francois Pelletier Metis and (II)-Marguerite Madeleine Morisseau
    (III)-Charles Boucher Metis (1685-1685) Sorel
    (III)-Charles Boucher Metis b-1690 Chateau Richer
    (III)-Marie  Boucher Metis b-1693 Ste Famille, married 1711 I'IIe Dupas (II)-Antoine Piette b-1673
    (III)-Pierre Boucher Metis b-1695 Ste Famille
    (III)-Michel Boucher Metis b-1697 Ste Famille
    (III)-Joseph Boucher Metis b-1699 Ste Famille
    (III)-Marie Anne Boucher Metis b-1704 I'IIe Dupas married 1721 I'IIe Dupas (II)-Antoie Joly dit Delbec b-1691
    (III)-Alexis Boucher Metis b-1706 I'IIe Dupas
    (III)-Jean Baptiste Boucher Metis b-1708 I'IIe Dupas

May 8: Beauport, birth (II)-Marie Anne Savariaux daughter (I)-Jacques Savariaux (Metis?) (1636-1724) and Suzanne Lacroix, (Huron?) (1653-1718), this family is most likely sauvage or Metis family

June 4: Champlain, birth (III)-Marie Anne Desrosiers, Metis daughter (II)-Michel Desrosiers b-1652 and (II)-Marie Jeanne Artaut, Metis 

June 8:   Intendant of Canada, Jacques de Meulles (1682-86), introduced playing cards as money due to a lack of His Majesty's funds needed to pay the troops and maintain commerce.  This was withdrawn on September 5.

June 9:  Quebec, birth (II)-Jean Blanchet, Metis son (II)-Pierre Blanchet, b-1646 and (II)-Marie Fournier, Metis, b-1855 daughter (I)-Guillaume Fournier (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Hebert, Metis, b-1638; 1st married April 7, 1712, Marie Genevieve Gagne; 2nd marriage 1740 Genevieve Rousseau    

June 14: Sorel, birth Catherine Garand, (Indian or Metis) daughter (I)-Joseph Garand (sauvage) and Anne

November 17: Cap St. Ignace, birth (III)-Francois Fournier Metis son (II)-Joseph Fournier Metis b-1662 and Barbe Girard. 

August:  (I)-Lefevre de La Barre (1622-1688), Governor New France September 1682 to August 1688, is recalled in disgrace, and his successor (I)-Jacques Rene de Brisay, Marquis de Denonville (1637-1710), Governor (1685-89), arriving in Quebec on August1, is ordered to humble the Iroquois and is given 1,600  regular troops with adequate supplies.   The French marched against the Iroquois, burning their villages and crops.  The King of France expands the fir trade by allowing permits to the nobles and gentlemen of New France to engage in commerce on land and sea.  The population of New France is 10,725 French and 1,538 settled Savages. Sieur Samuel Bernon of Rochel has the great warehouse at Quebec, containing merchandise for the fur trade. There are, however, independent men in Quebec who run their own warehouses and ships and are not part of the Quebec Merchants.

August 30:  Beauport, birth, (III)-Simon Prevost, Metis, died September 1, 1685, Beauport, son (II)-Louis Prevost, Metis, (1651-1686) and (II)-Marguerite Careau, b-1662: 

December 8:  Montreal, birth, (III)-Francois Prudhomme, Metis son (II)-Fras Xavier Prudhomme and (II)-Cecile Gervaise, Metis b-1671; married November 17, 1710, Montreal (II)-Marie Anne Courreau daughter (I)-Cybar Courreau

December 12: Boucherville, birth (III)-Jean Louis Bourgery pour Bougis son (II)-Pierre Bourgery et Bourgis, d-1703 and Marie Bouttard b-1643; married August 6, 1717 Detroit, Anne Alimacoua (Ouecacad) de Nation Kaskakau (Kascakaon) 

December 28:  Ville-Marie (Montreal), birth, (III)-Jean Francois Tessier, Metis son (II)-Paul Tessier dit Chaumine (1651-1730) and (III)-Madeleine Cloutier (1660-1748).

1686  

Claude Petitpas married 1686 Acadia, Marie Therese Micmac. 

Guillaume Bourgeois married Fort Royal, Acadia Marie Anne D'Aprendesteguy Martignon daughter Martin Martignon and Jeanne Latour, Metis

(I)- Jacques Rene de Brisay, Marquis de Denonville (1637-1710) orders de Troyes to take the English at James Bay.

Birth (III)-Pierre Miville. Metis, died May 30, 1688, Quebec, son, (II)-Francois Miville and (II)-Marie Langlois, Metis (1636-1687)

(II)-Pierre Le Moyner sieur d'Iberville (1661-1706) is in the Bay of the North (Hudson Bay).

Jean Roy dit Laliberte married 1686, Acadia, Marie (Christine)(Dubois)(Hautbois) Aubois sauvagesse Acadia,  

Claude Petitpas married 1686 Acadia Marie Therese Indian.

A Royal edict enlarged the Seigniorial rights, giving grain gristmill monopoly privileges, forcing many seigneurs to build mills within a year or forfeit their rights.  The Seigneurs expanded this right to include sawmills.  The state of the country is still pitiable. Children of great numbers passing all summer with nothing on them but a shirt, the wives and daughters working in the fields sending the young to range the woods for furs, yet they are miserably poor.  A fire this year destroyed the mission at De Pere.

Bishop Jean Baptiste de Saint Vallier visited Acadia and noted it is full of libertines.

The Acadian population has expanded to 800 with the addition of only 40 families brought out from France since 1671 who are quickly absorbed into the Acadian culture.  They had their own set of common beliefs, mutual aid and solidarity, including their own speech patterns and dialects.  At Port Royal, Acadia there are only 30 soldiers.

January 18: Trois Rivieres, birth (III)-Jean Lefebvre, Metis son  (II)-Jacques Lefervre, Metis, seigneur de la Baie St. Antoine, (1647-1720), and Jeanne Aunois, savage/Metis b-1621 of the Indian Nation, died February 11, 1697, Trois Riviers; 

January 23: Beauport, birth (III)-Noel Giroux, Metis, died August 15, 1750 Beauport son (II)-Michel Giroux (1661-1715) Beauport and (II)-Marie Therese Provost, Metis (1665,-1743); married November 22, 1707 Francoise Marguerite Gallien

February 9:   Card money is again issued for the second time but is recalled in October.

February 15:  Quebec, birth (II)-Marie Genevieve Hervieux, Metis, died December 2, 1753, Ville-Marie (Montreal), daughter (I)-Isaac Hervieux b-1651 and (III)-Marie Anne Pinguet, Metis (1661-1687).

April:  Jacques Pourpoint deserted his platoon and raped the wife of a Pierre Parrault a local resident.  He was hanged, beheaded and placed atop a stake planted at a crossroads, there to remain as long as it held together.

April 18: Boucherville, marriage (II)-Pierre Goguet to (II)-Anne Charron, Metis, b-1670, daughter (I)-Pierre Charron (1640-1700) and Catherine Pilliar ou Pilet-Pillard, Metis, b-1651?.

April 24:   (I)-Jean Bochart de Champigny (1645-1720) is appointed Intendant of New France, serving  from July to August l 1702.  He is instructed to ensure that the French peasants enjoy complete tranquility among themselves and are maintained in just possession of all that belongs to them.  He is to increase their numbers by all means possible.  The Marquis de Denonville wrote that the Canadians are all big, well built and firmly planted on their feet.  They are vigorous, very obstinate and inclined to dissolute, but are quick witted and vivacious.  Champigny encouraged the cultivation of flax and hemp and the fishing and forestry industries.

June 24:  Laprairie, marriage, (II)-Jean Tessier dit Lavigue, Metis, died December 7, 1734 Ville-Marie (Montreal), son (I)- Urbain Tessier, (1624-1689) and (II)-Marie Archambault, Metis baptised, 1636, died August 16, 1719 Pte Aux Trembles, Ville-Marie (Montreal); 1st married November 21, 1686 (II)- Laprairie Jeanne Leber b-1671, died December 4, 1687 Laprairie daughter (I)-Jean Leber: 2nd married April 21, 1688 Laprairie (II)- Louise Caron b-1671, died April 13, 1703 Ville-Marie (Montreal),daughter (I)-Claude Caron; 3rd marriage August 27, 1703 Laprairie (II)- Marie Catherine de Poitiers, b-1671 died January 22, 1745 Ville-Marie (Montreal) daughter (I)-Jean Baptiste Poitiers. 

June 29: St. Pierre, I.O., birth (III)-Louis Cote, Metis, son  (II)-Martin Cote, Metis, b-1639 and (II)-Suzanne Page;

June 5: Boucherville, birth (II)-Louise Charron, Metis, New France, daughter (I)-Pierre Charron (1640-1700) and Catherine Pilliar, ou Pilet-Pillard, b-1651?, a Filles du Roi, and Metis or Indian, of New France, baptized March 30, 1646 La Rochelle, France.  DNA analysis 'suggests' she is either Indian or Metis from New France:

July 25: Sorel, birth (III)-Marie Anne Crevier Metis daughter (II)-Jean Crevier Sieur Duvernet-Duvernay, Metis b-1642 and (II)-Marguerite Hertel 

September 8: St. Thomas, birth (II)-Thomas Prou Metis son (I)-Jean Prou (1647-1703) and (II)-Jacquette Fouenier, Metis, b-1659, Quebec daughter (I)-Guillaume Fournier (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Herbert Metis b-1638

September 29: Contrecoeur, birth (II)-Francois Chagnon. Metis, son (I)-Francois Chagnon (1645-1693 and (II)-Catherine Charon, Metis, born September 29, 1686 Montreal 

October 13:  Beauport, birth, (III)-Louis Prevost, Metis, died December 21, 1770, St. Philippe, son (II)-Louis Prevost, Metis, (1651-1686) and (II)-Marguerite Careau, b-1662: married 1st. November 7, 1712 Beauport (III)-Marie Therese Maheu, b-1696:  married 2nd July 9, 1731 Quebec, (III)-Marie Anne Giroux (1697-1767)

November 17: Ste Pierre, I., birth (II)-Guillaume Rate, Metis, son (I)-Jacques Rate, (1630-1690) and (II)-Anne Martin, Metis, b-1645; married Marie Madeleine Nolin.. 

November 19:   A Neutrality Pack was made between France and England to resolve the dispute over the Hudson Bay.  A commission is to define the boundaries between New France and the Hudson Bay.

November 25:  Ville-Marie (Montreal), marriage (II)-Louis Gervaise, Metis, born November 24, 1663, Ville-Marie (Montreal), son, (I)- Jean Gervaise (1621-1690), and (II)-Anne Archambault, Metis (1621- 1699); married (II)-Barbe Pigeon daughter (I)-Pierre Pigeon.

December 1: Cap St. Ignace, birth/death (III)-Anonyme Fournier Metis child (II)-Joseph Fournier Metis b-1662 and Barbe Girard. 

December 5:  Quebec, birth (II)-Marie Jeanne Gatien, Metis, died July 15, 1755, Quebec, daughter (I)-Pierre Gaten b-1659 and (III)-Genevieve Pinguet, Metis (1665-1702); 1st married August 26, 1704, Quebec, Simon Doyer; 2nd marriage May 28, 1713, Quebec (I)-Henry Cain dit Lataille 

1687  

The missions St. Joachim & Cap de la Madeleine de la Province de Quebec is established this year.

Marriage 1687 Champlain, Quebec, Jeanne Artault Metis/Indian

Marriage before 1687 Cap de la Madeleine, Quebec (II)-Noel Barabe son (I)-Nicolas Barabe and Michelle Oinville
1st married Marie Jeanne Aukaskassivukoue
2nd married about 1716 (II)-Marie Michelle Tousignant 

Acadia, birth Pierre Cellier dit Charet Metis  the elder son Unknown Cellier dit Charet (Memcharet)d-1708 married 1682, Acadia, Marie Amerindien.b-1663, died March 7, 1727, Port Royal, Acadia ; married 1st Louise Innocent; 2nd marriage Francoise Minus daughter Philippe and Marie

(II)-Jean Fournier Metis b-1665 son (I)-Guillaume Fournier (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Hebert Metis b-1638; married (II)-Jeanne Elisabeth LeRoy, daughter (I)-Nicolas LeRoy
    (III)-Marie Ambroise Fournier Metis married 1st. Pierre Lefebvre; married 2nd 1716 St Michel, Antoine Blais; married 3rd 1741 St. Valier, Pierre Corriveau
    (III)-Francoise Fournier Metis (1688-1692) Cap St. Ignace
    (III)-Nicolas Fournier Metis (1690-1749) Cap St. Ignace, married 1st. 1714 Cap St. Ignace, Barbe Thibault.married 2nd Genevieve Langlois
    (III)-Jean Fournier Metis (1692-1740) Cap St. Ignace, married 1718 Cap St Ignace, (III)-Marie Francoise Dumas
    (III)-Marie Fournier Metis b-1694 Cap St. Ignace, 
    (III)-Ambroise Fournier Metis (1696-1745) Cap St. Ignace, married 1st. 1729 I'Ilet (II)-Genevieve Guillet (1706-1733) daughter (I)-Mathieu Guillet, married 2nd. 1734, Cap St. Ignace, (III)-Genevieve Elisabeth Gamache b-1705 daughter (II)-Louis Gamache
    (III)-Cecile Fournier Metis b-1698 Cap St. Ignace d-1762 Beauport, married 1716 Cap St. Ignace Louis Thibault
    (III)-Anne Fournier Metis (1700-1728) Cap St. Ignace, married 1726 Cap St. Ignace, Jean Baptiste Durand
    (III)-Joseph  Fournier Metis b-1702 Cap St. Ignace, married 1st. 1731 (IV)-Margaret Langlois (1714-1756) daughter (III)-Jean Francois Langlois married 2nd. 1764 St Ignace (V)-Marie Madeleine Ayot daughter (IV)-Joseph Ayot
    (III)-Augustin Fournier Metis b-1704 Cap St. Ignace, married 1st. 1727 Cap St. Ignace, (IV)-Elizabeth Gravel, (1704-1731) married 2nd. 1735 Cap St. Ignace, (IV)-Marie Francoise Belanger (1716-1758) daughter (III0-Francois Belanger
    (III)-Charles Fournier Metis (1708-1756) Cap St. Ignace,  married 1734/39, Cap St. Ignace, Louise Gravelle
    (III)-Jacques Fournier Metis married 1749 Levis Catherine Turgeon
    (III)-Marie  Fournier Metis married 1749 Cap St. Ignace, Jean Richard.

(II)-Laurent Gaudin dit Chatillon b-August 10, 1655 [Tanguay said born Montreal but in another place said born Acadien son (I)-Pierre Gaudin b-1632 Acadia; married about 1687 Anne Guerin et Arseneau b-1668; Acadienne, d-1718 St Antoine Tilly. 
( I suspect these folks might be Metis?)

(II)-Pierre Le Moyner sieur d'Iberville (1661-1706) is in France.

Pierre Lefebve, at Beauport, Quebec, is the first recorded suicide in New France, he was found hung in his barn leaving a wife and 4 children.

(I)-Barnade L'Eveille et L'Eville married some where in Quebec possibly Cap Sante to Marguerite Sauvagesse
    (II)-Louis L'Eveille et L'Eville Metis b-1688 d-1689 Cap Sante
    (II)-Claude L'Eveille et L'Eville Metis b-1686 d-1689 Cap Sante
   

Louis Armand de Lom d'Arce, baron de Lahontan (1666-1715), wrote that the Indians are truly free while Frenchmen are slaves.  He had served in Demonville's campaign against the Senecas in 1687.

(I)- Jacques Rene de Brisay, Marquis de Denonville (1637-1710), Governor of New France, led an attack against the Seneca (Iroquois) People, systematically destroying their villages.  Retaliation would come in 1789.  The prisoners of war are sent to France to work on the slave galleys.

(I)-Antoine Laumet de Lamothe Cadillac (1658-1730) son Jean Laumet; married Beauport, Quebec Marie Therese Guton; they had nine children.  

(I)-Rene Robert Cavelier de La Salle (1643-1687) is murdered in the Gult of Mexico by his associates.

(III)-Marie Madeleine Couc-Montour, Metis, baptised, 1687, died February 28, 1697 Trois Rivieres, daughter (II)-Louis Couc dit Montour Metis, , b-1659 and Jeanne Quiquetog8k8e.

(III)-Joseph Montour, Metis, b-1687, baptised January 7, 1688 St. Francois du Lac, son (II)-Louis Couc dit Montour, Metis,  b-1659 and Jeanne Quiquetog8k8e; married before October 30, 1711, Detroit, Elizabeth Isabelle Monto/Onontio..

(II)-Jean Baptiste Nouschaux, Metis born Cap de La Madeleine son (I)-Louis Nouschaux and Marie Miscoue Sauvagesse

It was ordered that women of bad character be compelled to heavy physical labor, as deportation to France was not considered sufficient punishment.  This was another form of enslavement practiced in the colony.  Other punishments at this time included branding, lashing, shackling, mutilation, prison, galleys, burning and hanging.

The Abbe Dudouyt in Paris instructed the Jesuit Seminaire in Quebec to select thirty students by weeding out those who did not apply themselves.  It is better to have a few students of high quality than many indifferent ones.

Two hundred families of French Protestant refuges arrived in New York this and next year.  These refuges believed that King Louis XIV of France had ordered (I)-Louis de Baud Count of Frontenac (1620-1698), the Huguenot, to bring the Iroquois to an alliance, to then descend the Hudson to its mouth where a French fleet would help capture the City.  Merchants and gentlemen are for ransom, Protestant farmers and mechanics are for forced labor, and French Protestants are to be sent to France for execution.

(I)-Baron Louis Armand de Lom d'Arce de la Hontan (1666-1710/15) is among 1,600 soldiers who accompany Denouville in a raid against the Iroquois People.  He writes: Why are we bothering them?  They have given us no cause to attack them.

A French army of 2,000 troops and their Algonquian allies marched into Iroquois country on a preemptive strike, burning villages, destroying cornfields and looting graves.

A Mohawk spokesperson told the French:  We intend to stay here and to live here and die here; for where can we run?  A number of Iroquois chiefs went to a French camp near Montreal, on the invitation of the French officials, under a flag of truce, to confer with the Governor of Canada. The Intendant, Champigny, had these chiefs seized and by the king’s orders sent to France to serve in the galleys.

Andross became Governor New England and plundered Penobscot and the estate of Baron de St. Castin.

January 10: Sorel, marriage (II)-Daniel Normandin, Metis died September 18, 1729 Batiscan son (I)-Jacob Normandin and Marie Briand; married Louise Hayott born May 1, 1664 Sillery, daughter (II)-Jean Hayot and (II)-Louise Pelletier died November 9, 1713 Quebec..  Tanguay suggests the name Normandin is Sauvage.

January 14:  Beauport, Quebec, birth (III)-Marie Jeanne Prevost, Metis, died February 24, 1755 St. Laurent, Montreal, daughter (II)-Jean Prevost, Metis, b-1660 and (II)-Francoise LeBlanc, b-1662: married May 24, 1706 Montreal (I)-Pierre DeNoyon, et Vaujon dit Laframboise, b-1682

February 1, Quebec, birth (II)-Jean Baptiste Beriau Metis son (I)-Jean Vincent Beriau.(1653-1715) and (II)-Marie Cordeau, Metis b-1660

February 14:  Montreal, birth, (III)-Jean Baptiste Prudhomme, Metis, died November 10, 1709, Montreal son (II)-Fras Xavier Prudhomme and (II)-Cecile Gervaise, Metis b-1671.

April 17:  Lorette, Quebec, birth, (II)-Catherine Couturier, Metis died May 25, 1687 Lorette, Quebec, daughter (I)-Jacques Couturier b-1646 and Catherine Annennontak, Huronne, b-1649, veuve 1662 de Jean Durand (1636-1671).

April 28:  Cap de la Madeleine, Quebec birth (II)-Jean Baptiste Nouschaux, Metis son Louis Nouschaux and Marie Miscoue sauvagesse.

June 4: Trois Rivieres, birth (III)-Jean Baptiste Crevier, Metis son  (II)-Nicolas Crevier dit Bellerive Metis and Louise Leloutre, b-1648

July 25: Beauport, birth (II)-Jacques Savariaux son (I)-Jacques Savariaux (Metis?) (1636-1724) and Suzanne Lacroix, (Huron?) (1653-1718), this family is most likely sauvage or Metis family

November 6: Cap de Madeleine, birth   (II)-Marguerite Baudet, Metis daughter  (I)-Laurent Baudet and (III)-Marguerite Crevier, Metis born likely Trois Rivieres? daughter  (II)-Nicolas Crevier dit Bellerive Metis and Louise Leloutre, b-1648; married Jean Masse 

November 12:  Ville-Marie (Montreal), birth, (III)-Marie Tessier, Metis daughter  (II)-Paul Tessier dit Chaumine (1651-1730) and (III)-Madeleine Cloutier (1660-1748); married February 20, 1708, Ville-Marie (Montreal) (II)-Paul Baudreau dit Graveline son (I)-Urbain Baudreau..

December 3 birth, 17 death Pte aux Trembles de Quebec (III)-Marie Louise Normandin Metis daughter (II)-Daniel Normandin, Metis d-1729 and Louise Hayott b-1664 

1688  

(II)-Pierre Le Moyner sieur d'Iberville (1661-1706) is in James Bay.

(III)-Jacques Mius, Metis, b-1688, Acadia son (II)-Philippe Mius, b-1660 and Marie Mi'Kmag. 

The mission Riviere des Prairies de la Province de Quebec is established this year.

The edict of King Louis XIV authorized the importation of slaves into New France (Canada) about this time.  Some suggests it only related to Negroes from Africa.

Jean Baptiste de la Croix de Chevrieres de Aint-Vallier (1653-1727) succeeded the Jesuit Bishop, Father (I)- Francois Xavier de Laval Montmorency (1623-1708) who resigned, and is more puritanical. He served until 1727.  He favored a severe morality and waged war against drunkenness, blasphemy, dancing and immodest dress, including bare arms and low cut gowns worn in their own homes.  It is still acceptable by the Church to extract evidence by means of torture, where boards are bound to the shins and wedges hammered in, crushing the bones.  Thirty men and women suffered this practice during the century of Royal Religious Government.  Jacques de Noyen pushed beyond Lake Superior to explore Rainy Lake and the Lake of the Woods.

After a number of years being attacked by the French army, the Iroquois entered into peace at Fort Ville-Marie (Montreal).

The Indian hostilities in Acadia commenced against the English because Governor Andross attacked the Indian settlement of Penobscot.  Andress was relieved of his post but this did not prevent war.

January 7:  St. Frs Du Lac, marriage (II)-Louis Couc dit Montour, b-1659 and 2nd marriage, January 7, 1688 St. Du Lac Jeannie Quigesig8k8e, Algonquine, b-1656. 

January 7:  St. Frs Du Lac, baptism (III)-Jean Couc, metis b-1673 son (II)-Louis Couc dit Montour and 1st marriage Maeleine Sacokie; 2nd marriage January 7, 1688 St. Du Lac Jeannie Quigesig8k8e, Algonquine, sauvageese, b-1656. 

March 24: Trois Rivieres, birth (III)-Louis Lefebvre, Metis son  (II)-Jacques Lefervre, Metis, seigneur de la Baie St. Antoine, (1647-1720), and Jeanne Aunois, savage/Metis b-1621 of the Indian Nation, died February 11, 1697, Trois Riviers; married February 3, 1722, Champlain, Elisabeth LeGuay

April 21:  Quebec, marriage,  Mathurin Cadau to (II)-Marie Durand, Metis, daughter (I)-Jean Durand (1640-1671) and Annennontank, Huronne b-1649.

April 21:  Laprairie, marriage, (II)-Jean Tessier dit Lavigue, Metis, died December 7, 1734 Ville-Marie (Montreal), son (I)- Urbain Tessier, (1624-1689) and (II)-Marie Archambault, Metis baptised, 1636, died August 16, 1719 Pte Aux Trembles, Ville-Marie (Montreal); 1st married November 21, 1686 (II)- Laprairie Jeanne Leber b-1671, died December 4, 1687 Laprairie daughter (I)-Jean Leber: 2nd married April 21, 1688 Laprairie (II)- Louise Caron b-1671, died April 13, 1703 Ville-Marie (Montreal),daughter (I)-Claude Caron; 3rd marriage August 27, 1703 Laprairie (II)- Marie Catherine de Poitiers, b-1671 died January 22, 1745 Ville-Marie (Montreal) daughter (I)-Jean Baptiste Poitiers. 

May 10: Boucherville, birth (II)-Jeanne Charron, Metis, New France, daughter (I)-Pierre Charron (1640-1700) and Catherine Pilliar, ou Pilet-Pillard, b-1651?, a Filles du Roi, and Metis or Indian, of New France, baptized March 30, 1646 La Rochelle, France.  DNA analysis 'suggests' she is either Indian or Metis from New France: married Francois Bouteille.

June 7:  Quebec, marriage (I)-Pierre Bodin b-1641 to  (III)-Angelique Pinguet, Metis, died May 13, 1744, daughter (II)-Pierre Pinguet dit La Glardiere (1630-1704) and (II)-Anne Chevalier, Metis;  2nd marriage April 30, 1703, Quebec Francois Laraue. 

June 29:  St Frs Pte du Lac, birth/death (II)-Pierre Delpee, Metis, son  (I)- Francois Singerny also St. Cerny and Delpee (1640-1725) and (II)-Marie Angelique Couc dit Lafleur, Metis, (1661-1750).

July 11:  Quebec, birth (II)-Marie Anne Gatien, Metis, died March 7, 1689, Quebec daughter (I)-Pierre Gaten b-1659 and (III)-Genevieve Pinguet, Metis (1665-1702).

July 16: Beauport, birth (III)-Jean Langlois, Metis son (II)-Noel Langlois dit Traversy, Metis d-1693 and (II)-Genevieve Parant: married October 10, 1712 Ste Foye, Madeleine Bisson.

July 18: Beauport, birth (III)-Nicolas Giroux, Metis, died November 12, 1734 Charlesbourg son (II)-Michel Giroux (1661-1715) Beauport and (II)-Marie Therese Provost, Metis (1665,-1743): married January 17, 1716 Charlesbourg Marguerite Blondeau

July 18: Beauport, birth (III)-Therese Giroux, Metis, died January 30, 1689 Beauport, daughter (II)-Michel Giroux (1661-1715) Beauport and (II)-Marie Therese Provost, Metis (1665,-1743): 

July 27:  Lachine, marriage Andre Canaple to (II)-Marie Genevieve, born July 21, 1669, Ville-Marie (Montreal), killed August 5, 1689 Lachine by the Iroquois.

July 31:  Ville-Marie (Montreal), marriage, (I)-Mathurin Cadau et Cadot Le Poitevin (1649-1729), to (II)-Marie Catherine Durand, Metis, born April 21, 1666 daughter (I)-Jean Durand (1640-1671) and Catherine (Kateri) Annennontank, Huronne born October, 1648.

August 10:   Governor Jacques Rene de Brisay de Denonville wrote to the Marquis de Seignelay, son and heir of Jean Baptiste Colbert:  Twenty years ago, we had 2,000 Natives capable of bearing arms and who were the ancestral foes of the Iroquois;  This number has been reduced to nothing because today, we could not count on thirty.

August 12: St. Thomas, birth (II)-Pierre Prou Metis son (I)-Jean Prou (1647-1703) and (II)-Jacquette Fouenier, Metis, b-1659, Quebec daughter (I)-Guillaume Fournier (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Hebert Metis, b-1638; married November 12, 1705, St. Thomas Jean Francois Tibaut.

August 21: Quebec, birth (II)-Jean Baptiste Charles Bredel, Metis son (I)-Jean Bredel, b-1664 to Madeleine St. Jean Lavallee of Nation des Onontagues sauvagesse; Jean 2nd marriage 1703 Lorette (II)-Marie Anne Migneron, epouse January 17, 1712 Quebec Simon Driere 

September 7: Quebec, marriage (I)-Jean Dubois b-1659 
1st married (II)-Catherine Jean dit Denis Metis daughte (I)-Jean Jean dit Denis et St Onge and (II)-Marie Peltier Metis
    (II)-Claude Catherine Dubois Metis (1689-1689)Quebec
2nd marriage 1693 Champlain (II)-Jeanne Raoult d-1709 
3rd marriage 1713 Champlain (II)-Antoinette Limousin

September 8: St. Ignace, birth (II)-Joseph Lemieux, Metis, son (I)-Guillaume Lemieux b-1648 and (II)-Elizabeth Langlois, Metis, (1645-1696).

September 9:  Ville-Marie (Montreal), birth (II)-Cecile Lefebvre, Metis, daughter (I)-Jean Baptiste Lefebvre (1651-1715) and  (II)-Cunegonde Gervaise, Metis, (1657-1724): married June 4, 1708, Ville-Marie (Montreal) (III)-Jean Archambault b-1683, died 1748 son (II)-Laurent Archambault.

December 24: Montreal, birth (III)-Joseph Aubuchon born December 24, 1688, Montreal d-1772  son (II)-Joseph Aubuchon died January 18, 1749 La Lomgue Ponte and (II)-Elizabeth Cucsson b-1667 died May 28, 1711; married, March 19, 1729, Kaskakia, Illinois, Marie Pani8ensa, Oumean, a sauvagesse slave girl.

1689  

The first recorded black slaves appeared in New France this year, adding to the Indian slaves population presently being held.

Birth (III)-Claude Lefebvre, Metis, died June 18, 1749, Baie du Febvre, son  (II)-Jacques Lefervre, Metis, seigneur de la Baie St. Antoine, (1647-1720), and Jeanne Aunois, savage/Metis b-1621 of the Indian Nation, died February 11, 1697, Trois Riviers; married Marie Catherine Desrochers

Cap de la Madeleine, birth (III)-Marie Jeanne Crevier, Metis died February 21, 1726 Montreal daughter  (II)-Nicolas Crevier dit Bellerive Metis and Louise Leloutre, b-1648; Soeur dite Ste. Helene (Congr N.D.)

Port Royal:  birth (II)-Bernard Anselme d'Abbadie de Saint Castin, Metis, (1689-1720) son a (I)-French officer at Acadia d-1707 and Matilda Penobscot (Abenaki) d-1734 Pau, France daughter Madockawando (Matakando) d-1698;  married Marie Charlotte Damour daughter Louis Damour.  Castin was a pirate by trade, preyed on the English and used Port Royal as his home base where he was well regarded.

Bay des Chaleaurs aka Baie des Chaleurs, Acadia marriage about 1689 Michel Degre (Degree, Degrez) and Sauvagesse 

Louis XIV had commanded (I)-Louis de Baud Count of Frontenac (1620-1698), the Huguenot, to cancel all forest trading permits, close and destroy all forts and forest posts, and order all ranging spirits home and compel them to stay.  Ville-Marie (Montreal) prosperity is totally dependent on the western Coureurs des Bois fur trade.  (I)-Louis de Baud, Count of Frontenac (1620-1698), the Huguenot, knew that no power in the land could enforce them.  The orders are not followed.  France and England are at war, and the Iroquois began war on New France.  The French blame the English and attacked their settlements, killing men, women and children.

Greysolon du L'hut and Nicholas de Mantet, with twenty-eight Coureurs des Bois at the lake of Two Mountains, killed twenty-one Iroquois.  One escaped.  

The King William's War (1689-1697) was between England and France.

January 28:   The French army departed Trois Rivieres, Quebec to attack New England.

February 21: Boucherville, marriage Jacques Hubert to (II)-Marie Therese Charron, Metis, New France, daughter (I)-Pierre Charron (1640-1700) and Catherine Pilliar, ou Pilet-Pillard, b-1651?, a Filles du Roi, and Metis or Indian, of New France, baptized March 30, 1646 La Rochelle, France.  DNA analysis 'suggests' she is either Indian or Metis from New France:

February 25:  Montreal, birth, (III)-Cecile Prudhomme, Metis died July 19, 1777, Montreal, daughter (II)-Fras Xavier Prudhomme and (II)-Cecile Gervaise, Metis b-1671; married January 18, 1718 (III)-Louis Lamy born August 29, 1790, Sorel died September 25, 1748 Sorel and Catherine Badaillac.

March 9, Quebec, birth (II)-Maurice Beriau Metis son (I)-Jean Vincent Beriau.(1653-1715) and (II)-Marie Cordeau, Metis b-1660; married April 28, 1711 Quebec, Catherine Monet.

May 2:  Champlain, marriage (III)-Francois Pelletier, Metis b-1663 Quebec son (II)-Francois Pelletier Metis (1635-1688) and (II)-Margurite Madeleine Morisseau ; married (II)-Madeleine Thunes epouse January 9, 1698 Montreal Pierre Maillet
    (IV)-Jean Francois Pelletier Metis b-1691 Sorel married 1718 Detroit (IV)-Marie Robert b-1698 epouse 1725 Detroit Louis Campeau
    (IV)-Marie Pelletier Metis b-1697, d-1770Sorel, married 1720 (II)-Felix Pelloquin b-1700

May 6, Quebec, birth (II)-Maurice Beriau Metis son (I)-Jean Vincent Beriau.(1653-1715) and (II)-Marie Cordeau, Metis b-1660; married April 28, 1711 Quebec Catherine Monet.

May 24: Cap St. Ignace, birth/death (III)-Anonyme Fournier Metis child (II)-Joseph Fournier Metis b-1662 and Barbe Girard. 

May 24:   King William's War is declared between England and France.  New France is now pitted against the English in New England and New York and their Iroquois allies. 

June:   Sieur Chevalier de Callieres, Governor of Fort Ville-Marie (Montreal), proposed to the King of France, to attack New York for instigating the Iroquois Nation against Canada.  The King approved the venture and requested that non-Catholic prisoners, either English or Dutch, be expelled to New England, Pennsylvania or other areas.  Bishop Jean Baptiste de la Croix Chevriere de Saint Vallier (1688-1727) issued a pastoral letter concluding that the advance of the English menace was due to of sins of the French Canadians.  The Bishop called the people to arms to protect the colony.

June:  Dover, New Hampshire was destroyed.  Major Waldron and 22 others were killed and 29 taken captive.  The Major was tortured a slow death for his atrocities committed 12 years earlier against the Indians.  Saco and Pemaquid where shortly also destroyed.

June 7:  (I)- Louis de Baud (Buade) comte of Frontenac (1620-1698), the Huguenot, is assigned a second term as Governor of New France, October 12, 1689 to November 28, 1698..  He is ordered to expel the English from the Hudson Bay and to take the colony of New York.  He ignored the French directives and instead sent raiding parties against New York and New England.  Frontenac used his position to profit from the fur trade.    

June 20:  Quebec, birth (II)-Marie Angelique Bodin, Metis daughter (I)-Pierre Bodin b-1641 and (III)-Angelique Pinguet, Metis b-1672; married June 17, 1715, Quebec Jacques Philippe Lebel.

July 23:   Sebastian Rale (1657-1724), a Jesuit, arrived in Quebec from France and is sent to Kennebec River among the Abenaki.

August 4-5:   In retaliation for the French attack on the Seneca in 1687, one thousand, five hundred Iroquois, with English support,  attacked Lachine down river from the mission of the Mountain of Ville-Marie (Montreal), killing 400. They put everything to fire and axe.  Some suggest that this is a gross exaggeration and that only 24-25 were killed and likely 90 were captured by the Iroquois, but never returned.   Others suggest those captured were burned. 

August 5:  Lachine, death (II)-Marie Genevieve born July 21, 1669 Ville-Marie (Montreal), killed by the Iroquois; married July 27, 1688 Lachine, Andre Canaple.

August 15:   The French and Abenaki Indians attacked Fort Pemequid near Kennebec, Maine.

August 29:  Beauport, Quebec, birth (III)-Francoise Prevost, Metis, daughter (II)-Jean Prevost, Metis, b-1660 and (II)-Francoise LeBlanc, b-1662: married November 23, 1711 Montreal (I)-Jean Viau (1681-1750). 

(II)-Jean Baudry dit L'Epinette born April 6, 1678 is killed September 8, 1689 by the Iroquois, daughter (I)-Antoine Daury dit L'Epinette, b-1638 and Catherine Guyard, b-1639, Paris.

September 16: Beauport, birth (II)-Suzanne Savariaux daughter (I)-Jacques Savariaux (Metis?) (1636-1724) and Suzanne Lacroix, (Huron?) (1653-1718), this family is most likely sauvage or Metis family; married April 24, 1713 Quebec (II)-Andre Louineau, b-1681

October:  Marie Louise Pittman, born November 15, 1657, Piscatoue, daughter Guillaume Pittman and Barbe; is captured by the savages October 1689; married Marie Willis; baptised December 8, 1693 Montreal.

October 11: Montreal, marriage (II)-Charles Lemaitre to (III)-Madeleine Crevier, de Bellerive Metis born likely Trois Rivieres? daughter  (II)-Nicolas Crevier dit Bellerive Metis and Louise Leloutre, b-1648

October 12-18:   (I)-Louis de Baud, Count of Frontenac (1620-1698), the Huguenot, arrived back in Quebec.  King Louis XIV gave Frontenac three clear directives:  to restore New France, control the Iroquois and defeat the English. 

November 13:   Twenty miles down river from Fort Ville-Marie (Montreal), the settlement of La Chesnaye was destroyed by Iroquois, killing twenty people.  

December 12:  Sorel, death Jeanne Rousey, sauvagesse b-1622 married to (I)-Nicolas Pelletier.

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