METIS HISTORY 1798-1799
METIS HISTORY Return to METIS 1750-1799 index
The Ojibwa never abandoned their agricultural base.
1795
Michilimackinac, marriage Joseph Louis Ainse aka Hains (Hins) son Joseph Hins (Hains, Hines) alias Ainse (b-1717) to Constance Chevalier daughter Jean Baptiste Chevalier and Marie Frances Alavoine epouse Francois Louis Cardin; Joseph married 1795 at St. Ignace, Michilimackinac a Marie Delia Therese Bondy. Joseph had a country marriage about 1781, or he had an earlier wife. Son Joseph Ainse was baptized 1782 and living at Vareness, Therese Ainse baptised 1784, Margaret Ainse who married John Campbell born about 1790 and Ance Ainse, who was Metis, and became chief at the Straits of Mackinac and Pelagie Ainse.
Mrs Agahio b-1795, living 1870 Lattin, Michigan.
Anowayawsemo b-1795, living 1870 Payment, Michigan.
(I)-William Tait b-1795, Orkney, son James Tait and Catherine; married and baptized July 10, 1823 Red River, Mary Auld, Metis, most likely Churchill, North West, epouse 1795, Churchill, (I)-William Auld (1770-1830) who abandoned her and their children when he returned to Scotland 1814..
(II)-William Tait Metis b-1795 son (I)-William Tait (1770-1826) and Indian woman, joined HBC (1789-1812) York District, married Mary Auid b-1823
Awnawquot b-1795, living 1870 Bay Mills, Michigan.
Samuel Awnmequom b-1795, living 1870 Cross Village, Michigan.
Awwawnashcum b-1795, living 1870 Goodheart (Good Hart), Michigan.
Theresa Awwawnawquot b-1795, living 1870 Goodheart (Good Hart), Michigan.
Sophia Bailey b-1795, living 1870 census, Custer, Michigan.
Betsy Ballendine, Metis, b-1795, Fort Cumberland, Saskatchewan daughter John Ballendine and Jane Metis; married 1812, Fort Cumberland, Saskatchewan, William Rowland Sr.
Charles Beauchamp Metis b-1795 North West Territories married Catherine Falardeau Metis.
Leon Belongea b-1795, living 1870 census, Mackinac Island, Michigan.
Paul Belongea b-1795, living 1870 census, Mackinac Island, Michigan.
Francois Bernard born 1795 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin married November 15, 1835 La Pointe, Wisconsin Margaret Awassikwe born 1787 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Alick Big b-1795, living 1870 census, Drummond, Michigan.
(I)-James Bird Sr. a.k.a. James Curtis (d-1856) is in charge of Carlton House, York until 1797.
Charles Bishop sailed the Ruby from Bristol on its second trip to the North West coast of America and wintered for three months in Deception (Barker) Bay among the Chinook Indians. The Chinook he says do not withhold their daughters, some of whom are well featured young women. We can assume Metis resulted from this encounter.
Francoise Bonneau, Metis, b-1797 son Jean Baptiste Bonneau, b-1752, died May 26, 1842 Red River and Louise Native; married (III)-Marie Favel, Metis, b-1795, N.W. daughter (II)-Humphrey Martin Jenny Favell, Metis/Native.
William Bruce Metis b-1795 likely North West probable son William Bruce, listed 1834 & 1838 Red River census; married France Allary b-1797 North West Territories.
Paul Campeau died before 1795 and was married to Angelique Pepin dit DesCardonnet born 1731 who died October 5, 1795 Fort Detroit, Canada (Michigan).
Pierre Campeau married to Therese St-George died about 1795, they had one child recorded Therese Campeau who married April 13, 1795 Paul Parnier of Fort Detroit, Canada (Michigan)
Toussaint Charbonneau (Sac's man), (1767-1843), departed Lake of the Woods for the upper Missouri. He is is living with the Hidatsa (a Siouan speaking people), others suggest with Minnetaree in their Metahara village on the Knife River, and later, in 1796, with the Mandan Indians. He married at least 5 young native wives, the most famous being Sacagawea (1789-1812) a Shoshone and his last a 14 year old in 1840. He was not considered a nice person by the NWC..
Louis Chastellain rebuilt the South Branch House (La Corne) that was destroyed in 1794.
James Corrigal Metis b-1795 Scotland married 1st (II)-Sarah Sutherland Metis (1777-1805) , 2nd marriage Margaret Indian b-1803 likely North West.
Jean Baptiste Cottons born 1795 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin married April 30, 1838, La Pointe, Wisconsin Angelica Bemachikwe born 1796 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Robert Cummings b-1795 1st married Elizabeth Indian b-1801, 2nd married Clementine Indian b-1815, 3rd marriage (II)-Jane Monkman Metis b-1822 Red River Settlement daughter (I)-James Monkman (1771/75-1865) and Mary Cree.
Patrick Cunningham b-1795 married Ann Bruce Metis b-1797 likely North West.
Griffith Daniel b-1795 1st married Madeleine McKay Metis b-1825 Red River Settlement, 2nd marriage Madeleine b-1797.
Daoust b-1795 married Mary Indian b-1800 Red River des Metis Settlement.
Alex Daphena b-1795, living 1870 census, Mackinac Island, Michigan.
David Davis b-1795 married Josette Indian b-1797 likely North West.
John Davis b-1795 married Nancy Metis b-1804 North West Territories
Charles Dease b-1795 married Louise Demontigny Indian b-1797 Red River des Metis Settlement.
John W. Dease b-1795 married Genevieve Bendit Metis b-1797 likely North West.
Louis Delorme b-1795 married Josette Belle Metis b-1797 likely North West.
Francois Xavier Desjarlais, Metis, b-1795, Red River des Metis Settlement (others suggest born St. Paul des Sauteaux (Metis)) son Francois Desjarlais Sr., b-1771, Quebec and Madeleine Roy; married Madeleine Roy Metis b-1789? likely North West. Others suggest he Married 1828 Red River, Marie (Otshihkan) Botteau (Bottineau), b-1805 NWT daughter Charles Joseph Bottineau Sr., b-1776, Quebec and Techomegood. Appears to be some confusion between mother and wife and birth date of mother appears to be in error.
Antoine Desjarlais is employed by the Northwest Fur Company and worked Grand Portage, Fort Coulonge, Themiscaming, Grand River, Lac La Pluie (Rainy Lake) and the Lower Red River. In 1814 he, with his two boys and two girls, were at Lac La Biche, Alberta.
William Donald Metis b-1795 married Nancy Bollen Metis b-1800 Red River des Metis Settlement. Possible son (I)-George Donald, Hospital Boy.
Birth, Missouri, birth Jean Baptiste Dorion Metis born about 1795 likely Nemaha Territory, Missouri son Pierre Dorion Sr. (1740-1810) and Yankton woman (Holy Rainbow). It is noteworthy that Pierre was a polygamist, also married to a Iowa woman. See 1780
Nicolas Antoine Charon Ducharme, b-1795 son Charles Ducharme and Madeleine Gour; married Genevieve Cree.
Joseph Duchene La Prairie or Mushkedewinn (Prairie Man) is in charge of the Folle Avoine Department for the John Sayer Sr. and Company.
Alexis Duval b-1795 married Francoise Metis b-1800 likely North West.
(III)-Charles Oakes Ermatinger Metis Sr. (1776-1853) son of (II)-Lawrence Edward Ermatinger Jr. (1767-1829); married Charlotte Kalawabide; joined the North West Company. He married Charlotte Kalawabide (1785-1858). Retired 1825 Montreal
(IV)-Jemima (Anne) Ermatinger Metis (1800-1817) born Sault Ste Marie, death date likely an error, as married (I)-Duncan Cameron (1764-1848) and he abandoned her and their Metis children in 1820 to marry Margaret McLeod.
(IV)-Charles Ermatinger Jr Metis b-1801 born Sault Ste Marie, *
(IV)-Frances Ermatinger Metis b-1804 Sault Ste. Marie?
(IV)-Striped Cloud Madeline Payshahquodoguay Ermatinger Metis b-1823 * likely daughter married (I)-William Alexander Aitken (Aitkin) aka Aitki of Edinbugh, Scotland died September 16, 1851 Swan River Post (Aitkinville)
(IV)-George Ermatinger Metis (1806-1822) born Red River
(IV)-James Rough Ermatinger Metis (1808-1866) born 1808 Michilimackinac, died 1866 Jim Falls, Wisconsin likely bapt dates married 1829 (V)-Charlotte Cadotte (1805-1887) daughter (IV)-Michel Cadotte and Madeleine Equaysaguay. possible James is son (III)-George Ermatinger Metis (1770/80-1841)????
(IV)-William Ermatinger Metis b-1808
(IV)-Jane Ermatinger Metis b-1808, married 1840 Edward S. Lovell
(IV)-Frederick William Ermatinger Metis (1811-1869)
(III)-John Favel, Metis, b-1797 to 1800, died October 29, 1870, son (II)-Thomas Favel Sr.,Metis (1780/81-1848) and Sarah or Sally Trout a Native b-1780; married Isabelle Short b-1804 daughter (I)-James Short (1767-1840) and Bethsy Cree or Saulteaux.
(III)-Marie Favel, Metis, b-1795 N.W. daughter (II)-Humphrey Martin Favel, Metis, b-1764 and Jenny Native; married Francois Bonneau, Metis, b-1797 son Jean Baptiste Bonneau, b-1752, died 1842 Red River and Louise Native, b-1760.
(I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) built Carlton House near Kamscack, Saskatchewan.
(II)-Thomas Fidler Metis b-1795 York Factory d-1875 son (I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) and Mary Metis or Indian (1771-1826), joined HBC (1813-1822) Red River District, married 1831, Jane Kipling (1805-1884)
(III)-John Fidler Metis
(III)-James Fidler Metis
(III)-Nancy Fidler Metis
(III)-Maria Fidler Metis
(III)-Jane Fidler Metis
(III)-Elizabeth Fidler Metis
(III)-Thomas Fidler Metis
(III)-William Fidler Metis bapt 1849 married 1865 (II)-Elizabeth Foulds bapt 1844
Josephte Suzette Frobisher, Metis, b-1795 NWT, daughter Alexander Frobisher and Native woman; married March 2, 1835, Red River, Pierre Guillaume (William) Sayer, Metis, b-1795, son (I)-John Sayer, b-1750 England and Obemauuoqua.
Francois Gardipuis (Gardiphuis or Gardupuis) born 1795 North West, census 1835 Red River. Possible relative of Louis Gardupuis born Canada 1785, blacksmith, census 1834.
Jean Baptiste Gariepy b-1795 Canada married Marguerite Saulteaux Indian b-1790 likely North West.
Joseph Garneau sr., also Gournon and Gourneau, is born about 1795 Red Lake, Minnesota, married about 1811 Red Lake a Delondie of Red Lake band. This family could be related to Garneau see 1790???
In 1795 on Red River of the North a Gareau attempted to buy the daughter of Foutreau.
Pierre Garro (Gareau, Garreau) dit Xaintonge (DuArintonge)(Saintonge) Born December 20, 1722 Three Rivers, died September 20, 1795 likely son of one of the following family also called the Gareaus who were at Detroit 1694-1724:
(I)-Jean Gareau alias St. Onage born 1643 Boucherville son Dominique Gareau and Marie Pinault, married 1670 Boucherville Anne Talbot b-1653.
(I)-Pierre Gareau (1653-1719 or 29) voyager west 1694, 1704, 1705, 1713(II)-Pierre Garro dit Xaintonge born May 1, 1673 Boucherville d-1740 Montreal, but lived Montreal, and had home in Detroit, voyager west 1704-1708, 1715, 1724
(II)-Jean Gareau alias Garro b-1679 Boucherville, voyager Detroit 1707, 1708, Jean Gerard likely same person
(II)-Gerard Gareau born November 3, 1679 Boucherville
(II)-Dominique Gareau (Garro or Garraud) b-1684 Boucherville, voyager west 1708
Francois Gendron b-1795 North West Territories married Angelique Lussier Metis b-1800 likely North West.
George Gladman Indian b-1795 North West Territories married Bethsy Indian b-1800 Red River des Metis Settlement.
New Brunswick House, Moose District (Ontario), birth (II)-Henry Gladman, Metis (1795-1796) son (I)-George Gladman (1765-1821) and Mary More (Moar) an Indian woman from Moose Factory (Ontario) (1774-1858)
Albany District, birth (II)-Marguerite Goodwin, Metis (1795-1832), daughter (I)-Robert Goodwin aka Goodwyn, (1761-1805) employed HBC 1781-1805) married about 1790 Albany District, Jenny Mistigoose d-1798 daughter Puckethwanisk: married (II)-James Hodgson, Metis B-1785.
Pierre George Sr., Metis b-1795 Red River des Metis, son Joseph George b-1785 a French Canadian, and Josette Indian b-1787; married Marie Chatelain Metis b-1823, likely North West.
James Grant, a Metis, is born this year possible, brother is Cuthbert Grant (1793-1854); possible sisters are Josephte Grant, who married John Wills, and Mary Grant, who married Pierre Fallon, all born in the North West before 1799 when their father died, mother being a Cree or Assiniboine.
(II)-Marie Grant, Metis b-1795 NWT daughter (I)-Cuthbert Grant d-1799 of NWC and Utiniwasis b-1775 Indian: married Francis Morin
Green Bay birth (IV)-Amable Grignon, died 1845, son (II)-Pierre Grignon (1740-1795) and (V)-Louise Domitide Langlade born 1759; married 1st Ojibwa woman, 2nd Judith Bourassa.
Antoine Grouette b-1795 Lower Canada son James Groutte b-1770 and Catherine Mader b-1775; married Madeleine Nolin Metis b-1790 most likely North West.
Joseph George Guernon, aka Gorneau, Guernon, & Gernon, Metis, b-1795 La Pointe, Wisconsin, died after 1854 son Joseph Guernon and Nowanankkee b-1794; married about 1817, Angelique (Folle-Avoine), born about 1800, La Pointe, @Wisconsin, died after 1850. Source 1846 Red River Census, 1850 Pembina census, 1854 baptism Pembina
Andre Harkness Metis b-1795 Red River des Metis Settlement married Sarah Stevenson Metis b-1809 Red River des Metis Settlement.
Peter Henderson b-1795 married Charlotte Yorkton Indian b-1806 North West Territories.
John Hodgson Metis b-1795 North West Territories likely son (I)-John Hodgson, Hospital Boy and Indian woman, married Charlotte Yorkston Metis b-1806 North West Territories.
Amable Hogue b-1795/86 La Riviere des Prairies, Canada married (II)-Marguerite Taylor Metis b-1810 Red River des Metis Settlement daughter (I)-George Taylor b-1760 and Indian woman..
(I)-Joseph Howse (Howes) (1774-1852) joined HBC (1795-1815) from York Factory 1795-1799), Saskatchewan 1799-1810) to Columbia District 1810-1812, listed as a bachelor but married Mary Cree Indian
(II)-Henry Howse Metis (1797-1808) Gordon House or York Factory
(II) Metis son born December 20. 1798 York Factory
(II)-Henry Howes (Howse) Metis b-1808 married 1830 Janet Spence
(II)-Jenny (Jane) Howse Metis b-1812 Paint Creek House on the Saskatchewan River, bapt 1824 killed by a threshing mill on Mr Birds's where she resided d-1830
(II)-Joseph Howes Metis
James Hughes married 1795 NWT Corbeau Cree.
(I)-John Inkster bapt-1762 HBC (1779-1784) Orkney seaman York, likely same as (A) wife and family listed
(I)-John Inkster b-1763 HBC (1783-1786) Orkney seaman Moose, to be recalled
(I)-John Inkster b-1762 HBC (1785-1792) Orkney seaman Churchill, lost a hand went to York to be engaged (A)
(I)-John Inkster b-1756 HBC (1791-1798) Orkney seaman Eastmain
(I)-John Inkster b-1766 HBC (1793-1794) Orkney laborer York (A) went home 1794 only served 1 yr 3 yr contract
(I)-John Inkster HBC (1821-1824) Orkney laborer Red River
One of these John’s married March 26, 1795 Margaret Gunn, six children are recorded, the other possibility is the children were born in Orkney and HBC records are incorrect???
(II)-Isabel Inkster Metis bapt 1796
(II)-Margaret Inkster Metis bapt 1797
(II)-John Inkster Metis bapt 1799, married (II)-Mary Sinclair Metis (1804-1892)
(II)-Jean (Jane) Inkster Metis bapt 1801
(II)-Helen (Nelly) Inkster Metis bapt 1806
(II)-George Inkster Metis bapt 1809
James Isbister b-1795 married Mary McGillivray, Metis b-1826 North West Territories.
(I)-George Johnston b-1795 Orkney married Francoise Thomas Metis b-1815 most likely North West.
Angeline Keechfbenace b-1795, living 1870 census, Payment, Michigan.
Hycinthe Keemechechawgan b-1795, living 1870 census, Petoskey, Michigan.
Sophia Kenesway b-1795, living 1870 census, Custer, Michigan.
Kewaykezhick b-1795, living 1870 census, Drummand Island, Michigan.
Peter Kesis b-1795, living 1870 census, St. Jacques, Michigan.
Charles Keyogeman b-1795, living 1870 census Cross village, Michigan.
Keywayawsenoquay b-1795, living 1870 census Pine River, Michigan.
Angelique Keywaykendo b-1795, living 1870 census South Hampton, Canada
Sarah King b-1795, living 1870 census Custer, Michigan.
John Kippling b-1795 married Marguerite Indian b-1790 North West Territories.
Kushkomawnesay b-1795, living 1870 census Carrs, Michigan.
Augustin Laframboise, b-1795 son Joseph Laframboise, Metis (1776-1848) and Josephite Assiniboine (1780-1870); married 1808 Josephte Gonneville.
Louis Landry Metis b-1795/97 Red River son Julien Landry and Josephte Montagnase; joined (1821-1832) Athabasca retired Red River 1832, married 1833 Red River Marie Anne Martin Metis b-1803/11 daughter Joseph Martin and Saulteau Woman
Jean Baptiste Lapierre Metis (1795-1865) born Cumberland House on the Saskatchewan River (Saskatchewan Province) likely son (I)-Jean Baptiste Brillant dit Lapierre and Francois Itagisse Chretienne Sauteause (Ojibwa). He joined HBC (1821-1865) New Caledonia and Columbia District.
(IV)-Gabriel Attina LaViolette son of (III)-Joseph Ranger alias LaViolette (born 1727) wintered on the Pembina.
Bazilr Laurence b-1795 Canada married Agathe Iroquoise Metis b-1825 Red River des Metis Settlement.
Jean Baptiste Lavallee, Metis, b-1795 Red River des Metis, son Ignace Lavalle (1760-1836/49) and Josephte Cree b-1786; married about 1828, Louise Ducharme, Metis, b-1805 most likely North West daughter Antoine Ducharme b-1780 and Josephte Richard b-1787.
Charles Laviolette #2848, b-1795, French Canada, 1st married Lisette Indian b-1806, 2nd marriage Therese Moreau, Metis born March 10, 1829 North West Territories daughter Jean Baptiste Moreau French Canadian and Charlotte Lafeville aka (LaFeuille - Gariepy - Vallie - Vallee etc.) Metis
Gabriel Lavierge (Thierge) born 1795 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin married December 2, 1838 La Pointe, Wisconsin Josepha Neganigijigokwe born 1813 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Etienne Lambert b-1795 Canada 1st married (II)-Catherine Gaddy Metis b-1799 North West Territories daughter (I)-James Gaddy b-1772/74 and Mary Indian/Metis b-1775, 2nd married Betsy Hondre Metis b-1795 most likely North West.
Louis Landry Metis b-1795 Red River des Metis Settlement married Marie Anne Martin Metis b-1811 most likely North West.
Antoine Langevin b-1795 married Genevieve Sutherland Metis b-1801 Red River des Metis Settlement.
William Leask, Metis b-1795 Red River des Metis Settlement married Mary Cook Metis b-1810 most likely North West.
(II)-Edward McKay, Metis, b-1795 Sr., Albany Factory, son (I)-John McKay, b-1753/1763, Scotland died July 5, 1810 and (II)- Mary Favel, Metis, b-1775, Albany, daughter (I)-John Favell Jr.d-1784 and Tittmeg aka Titameg native woman; deserted HBC for NWC (1815-1821) likely Lake Huron; HBC (1822-1833) Lake Huron
(III)-Edward McKay Metis Jr. admitted July 12, 1808 to school at Albany
(I)-James MacKey of Spain was the Lieutenenaut Governor of St. Louis and departed with 4 boats to trade the Missouri River system. His party traded (1795 to 1797) with the Nabraska, built a fort and proceded up river to South Dakota then north to North Dakota where he raised another fort. The People of North Dakota advised that an expedition of French had passed through here years ago. The Spanish built another fort at the junction of the Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers (the future site of Fort Union). They went on to Billings Montana and were given the route to the Pacific Ocean.
Duncan M'Gillivray of the N.W.C. is stationed at Fort George on the North Saskatchewan River.
Margaret Mashaqueto b-1795, died 1795, living 1870, Michigan.
Margaret Massey b-1795, living 1870 census Manistique, Michigan.
Joe Mawby b-1795, living 1870 census Carrs, Michigan.
Mesquawnawquot b-1795, living 1870 census Custer, Michigan.
Moyses Medweigwan born 1795 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin married December 25, 1835 La Pointe, Wisconsin
Madeline Mewadanakwedokwe born 1815 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Margaret Mosier b-1795, living 1870 census Manistique, Michigan.
Theresa Musco b-1795, living 1870 census Pte Aux Chene, Michigan.
Josette Nanegus b-1795, living 1870 census Cross Village, Michigan.
Michael Nowlin (Nolin), Pawnee Metis, b-1795 Sault Ste Marie, son Nowlin (Nolin) a Frenchman and a Pawnee Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected because descendent of Pawnee.
Joseph Paul, b-1770 married 1795 Louise Saulteaux (Chippewa Native).
Marguerite Pelletier, b-1775 N.W. daughter Antoine Pelletier and Marguerite Native; married Louis Vasseur.
Theresa Petose b-1795, living 1870 census Goodhart, Michigan.
Louis Pne b-1795, living 1870 census L'Ance, Michigan.
Joseph (Akipa) Renville (1779-1846), halfbreed of the Dakota Nation, was educated in Quebec, and he returned to live with the Gens du Large (Sioux of the Prairies) and later married Marie (Tonkanne) Little Crow (daughter of the sister of Chief Little Crow).
Luther Rice b-1795, living 1870 Michigan census living Odanah, Minnesota
(I)-William Richards employed HBC (1757-1795), and applied for a variety of positions in the company but was always rejected. He returned to England with his son (II)-John Richards, Metis.
Margaret Robinson b-1795, living 1870 census St. Ignace, Michigan.
Marie Rocque, Metis, b-1795, N.W. daughter Joseph Rocque, Metis b-1782 and Therese Assiniboine; married Edouard Guiboche, b-1791
Mrs George Robinson b-1795, living 1870 census Grand Haven, Michigan.
Margaret Robinson b-1795, living 1870 census St. Ignace, Michigan.
Eustache Roussain (b-1770/80) is a clerk of Simon Chaurette in John Sayer Sr. and Company, Lac du Flambeau Department, where he worked until 1804.
Charles Saboo b-1795, living 1870 census Bay Mills, Michigan.
Alex Sailor b-1795, living 1870 census Drummond Island, Michigan.
(II)-Sara Short, Metis b-1795 NWT daughter (I)-James Short, (1767-1840) and Betsey Sauteuse (Chippewa), b-1783, died April 2, 1863 St. Francois Xavier, Red River; married 1821 Red River Hugh Ross b-1783/93, died September 15, 1863 St. Xavier, Red River.
Peter Soyard, Metis, of Pembina Ojibwa Band, applied March 29, 1865 Lake Superior Treaty, rejected received 1854 La Pointe Script, living Hennepin County.
Francois St. Pierre b-1795 married Marguerite Houle Metis b-1797 most likely North West.
Peter Smith Indian b-1795 married Susan Peysonette Metis b-1805 North West Territories.
(I)-William Robert Smith (1795/97-1869) England married (II)-Mary Anne Swain Metis b-1805 bapt 1825 daughter (I)-James Swain Sr. b-1775 most likely North West.
Socco b-1795, living 1870 census Petoskey, Michigan.
Jacob Sogot b-1795, living 1870 census Kewadin, Michigan.
Peter Soyard, Metis born about this time Pembina Ojibwa Band, applied March 29, 1865 half-breed (Metis) script, rejected as he received 1854 La Pointe treaty.
Genevieve St Denis, b-1795, married, 1813, Joseph Deslauriers, b-1790.
Abraham Stead b-1795 married Sarah Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
(I)-Donald Sutherland (1778-1872) joined HBC (1795-1822) Albany, York Factory, and out of Red River. In 1822 took a son and daughter to Scotland both under age 10; in 1824 he took two more children home
1st married Indian woman b-1800, bapt 1821
(II)-Jane Sutherland Metis
(II)-Sinclair Sutherland Metis
(II)-William Sutherland Metis
(II)-Isabella Sutherland Metis
2nd marriage Anne Livingston b-1815
Joseph Louise Swampy Cree, b-1795, married April 17, 1833, Red River, Antoine Marsant dit Lapierre, b-1781 son Pierre Marsant dit Lapierre and Louise Charon Ducharme.
Tahbedah b-1795, living 1870 census Custer, Michigan.
(I)-William Tait b-1795, Orkney, son James Tait and Catherine; married and baptized July 10, 1823 Red River, Mary Indian or Metis, born most likely Churchill, North West, epouse 1795, Churchill, (I)-William Auld (1770-1830) who abandoned her and their children when he returned to Scotland 1814..
Thomas b-1795 married Sarah Indian b-1800 Red River des Metis Settlement.
Jeffery Thomas b-1795 marriage Anne Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
William Thomas b-1795 married Catherine Bess Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857), HBC, reports that the Piegan Indians, who live near the source of the Saskatchewan River, made a 1,500 mile journey on foot in a direct line, stole horses and mules from the Spaniards, and then rode back.
Antoine Vandal b-1795 married Charlotte Zastre Metis b-1799 most likely North West.
William Waishkey b-1795, living 1870 census Bay Mills, Michigan.
Amos Wakefield b-1795, living 1870 census Custer, Michigan.
(II)-George Whitford, Metis, b-1795, Red River des Metis Settlement son (I)-James Peter Whitford, (1766-1818) or b-1771 and Sarah Native; married Catherine Joke, b-1800, most likely North West.
(II)-Peter Whitford Metis, b-1795, North West Territories baptized November 26, 1820 son (I)-James Peter Whitford, (1766-1818) or b-1771 and Sarah Native; married Christy Spence, Metis, b-1800, daughter Magnus Spence and Christina Cree.
St. Louis, Missouri, birth (II)-Catherine Eulalie Vasquez (1795-1876) daughter (I)-Benito Vasquez (1738-1810) and Marie Julie Papin; 1st married 1829 John or James Stotts, 2nd marriage Jacques Martin.
Only 10 people claimed to be born at the Red River des Metis Settlement this year. This, however, would suggest a Settlement population of about 183 people, not including those away in trade, freighting or the bison (buffalo) hunt.
It is interesting to note that documents from this period refer to Detroit, Canada (Michigan), as being in the Western District of Upper Canada.
A group of Saulteaux Metis settlers established the Netley Creek area of Red River. The British would settle in the same area next century. It is estimated that 1,000 Ojibwa and Ojibwa Metis are living along the Red River at this time.
Pierre Bonga (Mukdaweos), Negro, born 1780's, is employed by John Sayer Sr. and Company at Fond du Lac and later by the North West Company, South West Company and American Fur Company, all at Fond du Lac Departments.
The North West Company agents: McTavish, Frobisher and Company, acquired Fort Timiskaming (Temiscamingue), which they held until 1821.
Dominique Brunet dit Letang (Lestang), from 1795 to 1796, is in competition with Jean Baptist Perrault's trade expedition in northern Minnesota, operated by Roy and Cadotte. Dominique operated in opposition to the North West Company in Red Lake until 1804, maintaining a trading post at the confluence of the Clearwater and Red Lake Rivers.
The Missouri Company sent a second expedition to the Dakota's this year. A third expedition, headed by James Mackay, with 33 men, departed later in the year.
Joseph Geroux is employed by JS & Co. (John Sayer Sr) as a winterer in Pierre Bayerge's La Pointe Dept ,1795, outfit at 500L.
At Green Bay (Wisconsin), 81% of trader households are married to Metis or Indian women.
The Hudson Bay Company sent one hundred and thirty-two men into the field from York Factory, and one hundred and nineteen are Orkney men; as they are considered tough enough for this demanding work. The Orkney men could not work with the English whom they considered as inferior, but they would take direction; so recorded the English. It is noteworthy that the Orkney are 60% genetically Norwegian Viking.
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) of the Hudson Bay Company remarked that he would rather have 50 drunken Indians in the fort than 5 drunken (Metis) Canadians. In a few short years he would become one of those English Canadian or peddlers as they were called..
The North West Company purchased about 1,200 to 1,500 bushels of wild rice each season from the Indians and Metis between Lake Superior and Lake Winnipeg. Wild rice is the principle food of the posts in this area. Rice has the advantage over corn of not going sour during the heat of summer. The Hudson Bay Company imports oatmeal for the same purpose, not having access to the rice supply. The second most important article of food is pemmican. (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) of the HBC said that even the gluttonous French Canadians, who devour 8 pounds fresh meat every day, are content with a pound and a half of pemmican. Pemmican will keep indefinitely. Pemmican is made by taking 50 pounds of lean, beaten bison (buffalo) meat and adding 40 pounds of melted bison (buffalo) fat with some dried berries for flavor, making 90 pounds of pemmican. This is considered the optimum size for canoe transportation. The Hudson Bay Company also reports the planting of corn, squashes, pumpkins, beans and potatoes, obtained from the Indians, most being planted in the Metis settlements along the Red, Assiniboine and Rainy rivers.
At Fort Greenville, 1,100 chiefs and warriors who were forced to treaty, ceded Indians Lands amounting to all of present day Ohio and a good part of Indiana. Rene Jusseaume (Jussome) and a Mandan free trader returned from the Missouri River. The Mandan are all well provided with guns, pistols and swords, according to one trader’s report. Two years later, (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857), now working for the N.W.C., said they had few guns. In reality, they saved their guns for war and used arrows for hunting. In 1804 Lewis and Clark believed that a great portion of the men had guns. Likely the Mandan did not trust (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857), being an Englishman. It is noteworthy that the Mandan are trading from the Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico and, likely, to the west coast.
James Southerland (1751-1797) at Osnaburgh House recorded that the winter of 1795-96 was so severe, the potatoes in the cellar froze.
(I)-Simon McTavish (1750-1804) is determined to stop the free traders in the North West by buying them out or combining them into a large company. The acquisition of the trading companies into Temiskaming, Michipicoten and the Nipigon country were quickly arranged, but the opposition of Peter Grant, Beaubein and Laviolette could not be dealt with until those traders had come out of of the country to Grand Portage.
A fort is built on the Saskatchewan River near Duck Lake, near future Fort Carlton.
The Red River Metis enjoyed two very important foods; 'Red River Bannock' and 'Red River Pemmican'. Red River Bannock likely evolved when the French cultivated wheat at Fort Detroit in 1701. Some credit the Scots with introducing bannock to the Metis but this is ridicules as the Metis bannock uses wheat where as the Scottish Bannach uses oatmeal. The Scots would later adopt the Metis Red River Bannock. The first Metis Bannock used lard but by this time bison (buffalo) fat had replaced lard and wild berries were added for flavor. Cowboys would later adopt this process and call it 'Trail Biscuits', 'Bush Bread', 'River Cake' and Galette. Red River Pemmican was a creation of the Indians. The Cree word for pemmican was 'pimii-fat-kan' simply meaning prepared and the Metis likely adopted this name. To suggest only the Cree prepared bison (buffalo) is ridicules and likely every plains bison (buffalo) hunter had a common method of preserving their bison (buffalo). The Cree method to prepare was to first dry the meat, then they braised it, then it was beaten into a powder and bagged. The bison (buffalo) fat or tarrow, after being rendered, was then added and mixed. Berries were sometimes added for flavor. Some suggest bison (buffalo) fur was added to keep it interesting. The bags were turned from time to time until the mixture set. It would last in a preserved state for years.
Monday, January 5: John MacDonnell reported, according to Masson (1960 I: 292-93 ), that St. James, St. Pierre, Bedard, (IV)-Jean Baptiste Couture (b-1735) (Goneau et Gouneau dit Lacouture), Pierre Alain and Monsieur Gareau had arrived from River Le Souris (about one hundred and twenty five miles up the Assiniboine River) with pieces (furs). The latter Monsieur( Gareau) stayed behind at the Foutreau's lodge. He gave them a keg of one gallon of rum he had of his own. And because this did not suffice in getting the Foutreau's daughter as he had expected, he pierced the keg of high-wines he was in charge of and gave it to the Indians in pure form. In short, there are six quarts missing off the keg and six large knives wanting in his load. The whole keg would have been taken from him by the Fourtreau and his band, who get enraged with drinking pure high-wines, had it not been for the Gendre (son-in-law) du Fourtreau, a good Indian, who hurried Monsieur Gareau and Pierre Alain, the gambler de Goblets, off in the night, en fuyards (fugitives), leaving the girl, as well as rum and knives, in quiet possession of the Indians. John MacDonnell (McDonell) also reported a vast number of bison (buffalo) are quite near the Fort (at the Assiniboine and Red Rivers). He reported that the men kill some everyday. There is a high probability that this Monsieur Gareau could be the father of Louis Gurnoe of La Pointe and Joseph Garneau of Red Lake. Evidence, however, is presently circumstantial. (IV)-Jean Baptiste Couture (Goneau et Gouneau dit Lacouture) is another high probability.
January 8: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Marie Louise Chapoton daughter (III)-Benoit Chapoton and (IV)-Therese Meloche.
January 12: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, (III)-Louis Michel Comparet son (II)-Francois Comparet and (IV)-Marie Judith Tremblay (1738-1768); married January 12, 1795 Detroit, Canada (Michigan), (IV)-Agnes Jeanne born 1774 daughter (III)-Robert Jeannes et Jeanne b-1730, died April 3, 1793 Detroit, Canada (Michigan), and (IV)-Catherine Reaume b-1740.
January 14: Le Frene, the second, reluctantly sold a young slave girl to Monsieur Poitras, of McDonell's party, at Red River. (II)-James Brady contends that Monsieur Gaunaux (Garneau), the stray of Ste Pierre de Montmagny, born about 1769, married a young Dakota Sioux girl who is taken prisoner by the Ojibwa and sold to him. The Joseph Garneau Sr. clan would establish themselves in the Red Lake area of what is to become Minnesota, whereas Louis Gurnoe would establish his clan at the Fort La Pointe area, which is to become Wisconsin, both among the Ojibwa. A number of Garneau strays would also appear in Red River.
January 19: Fort Detroit, marriage (III)-Rene Metay, born February 27, 1771 Fort Detroit son (II)-Joseph Metay (1735-1791) and (II)-Catherine Duflour b-1740; married (IV)-Elisabeth Riopel b-1778 daughter (III)-Ambroise Riopel..
January 25: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), birth, Elizabeth Macomb daughter William Macomb and Sarah Drinor (Dring).
January 25: Niagara on the Lake, death, an infant child of the Atty. General's servant.
February 1: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), birth, William Roe son Walter Roe to Ann Laughton daughter John Laughton.
February 16: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, (V)-Simon Campeau born 1769 son (IV)-Simon; married (V)-Catherine Gamelin born November 17,1772 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter (IV)-Francois Gamelin died 1774 Fort Detroit and (IV)-Therese Cabassier (1752-1777).
March 2: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, Allen Bellingham to Monica Baby, spinster.
March 17: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), birth, Isabella Mackintosh daughter Angus Mackintosh and Archange St. Martin.
March 22,: Niagara on the Lake, death, Widow Chrysler; Mary Cain, wife of John Cain; and James Robinson.
April 13: Fort Detroit, marriage (II)-Paul Parnier dit Vadeboncoeur son (I)-Joseph Parnier dit Vadeboncoeur and Catherine Labiviere; married Therese Campeau daughter Pierre Campeau.
April 18: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), birth, Francis Hand son William Hand to Mary Abbott.
April 20: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, (III)-Jean Baptiste Dufour son (II)-Jean Baptiste Mathieu Dufour born 1743 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), and (II)-Catherine Durand born 1753; married Marie Jeanne Lebeau daughter Jean Baptiste Lebeau and Suzanne Chauvin,.
April 20: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, Pierre Hunault et Hunaut born 1767 son Joseph Hunault; married Archange Jones daughter Benjamin Jones.
April 20: Detroit marriage Jean Baptiste Dufour to Marie Jeanne Lebeau daughter Jean Baptiste Lebeau and Susanne Chavin.
April 20: Fort Detroit, marriage (III)-Nicolas Vernet b-1770 son (II)-Nicolas Vernet (1746-1795) and Catherine Plante; married (V)-Agnes Patenotre b-1774.
April 22: John Hay departed Souris Mouth on this date.
April 23: Jean Baptiste Cadotte and Beaubein passed Brandon House, leaving Laviolette to tend the trading post. Cadotte and Company returned to Michilimackinac via Grand Portage, avoiding the more dangerous southern route through Dakota Sioux country.
April 28: Le Frene, a Coureurs des Bois, made a trip to Mountain a la Bosse and discovered 7,360 drowned bison (buffalo) in the river, some lay from three to five files deep. Between Red River and la Souris River, five different parties had built trading posts this year. Joseph Dube deserted the McDonell party to stay with the Indians of the Missouri. Rene Jusseaume (Jussome) returned to Fort La Souris with the peltries, leaving four men at their Fort on the Missouri in North Dakota who raised the English flag.
May: James MacKay a Scot and John Evans a Welsman in the employ of the Spanish departed St Louis to trade the upper parts of the Missouri River and to explore to the Pacific Ocean. They established Fort Charles above Omaha, Nebraska. Evans reached the Mandan Village but was prevented from going further. The Mandan however had provided a map prior to 1787of the course of the great river, including the Yellowstone River and the falls of the Missouri.
May: Fournier arrived on the Assiniboine. Pichet is reported at Nipawin on the Saskatchewan. Beaubien, a long time free-trader, brought three canoes to the Saskatchewan. He got 9 packs of furs at Nipawin and 3 at Fort Edmonton, facing opposition from the two large companies as well as from Peter Grant' men at both places. LaViolette's clerk, DeJadon, at Swan River, got 9 packs of fur with 2 canoe loads of goods, opposed by both major companies. Joseph Reaume and (IV)-Gabriel Attina LaViolette, alias Ranger (d-1803), wintered near the narrows of Lake Manitoba. Joseph Reaume from 1795-1798 is in the Lake Manitoba and Fort Sauphin (Red River District) of the Northwest Company. (I)-Simon McTavish (1750-1804) established a policy to eliminate the free traders, one way or another. Jean Baptiste Cadotte arrived at Red Cedar (Cass Lake) to trade with the Pillager Ojibwa and Northern Ojibwa. Jean Baptiste Cadotte talked the Pillager out of a general war against the Dakota.
May 11: Fort Detroit, marriage (III)-Pierre Mesny, born April 13, 1761 Fort Detroit son (II)-Antoine Mesny (1712-1794) and (II)-Jeanne Seguin Laderoute b-1724; 1st marriage Cecile Brilland, 2nd marriage May 11, 1795 Fort Detroit Marie Anne Petit.
May 11: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), marriage, (V)-Louis Petit son (IV)-Nicolas Petit, b-1746 and Isabelle Cabana Charon; married to (IV)-Marie Francoise Mesny, Metis, born March 14, 1775 Fort Detroit, daughter (III)-Antonie Mesny, b-1751 and (II)-Catherine Brilland ( Brillant) dit Lapierre, Metis b- 1753.
May 18: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, Joseph Lamirande son Michel Lamirande and Marie Joseph Benoit; married Angeliques Saliot daughter Jean Baptiste Saliot.
May 28: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, Joseph Bariau to (V)-Marie Louise Greffard daughter (IV)-Laurent Greffard b-1745 and (III)-Marie Anne Casse.
May 30: Toussaint Charbonneau (1767-1843) was stabbed in the back with a canoe awl at Manitou-a-Banc at the end of portage La Prairie (Manitoba) in the act of raping the daughter of an old Saultier (Saulteaux) woman. Some suggest this is why the NWC held him in poor regard.
June: The Haida war of Queen Charlotte Islands started by the infamous Captain John Kendrick in 1789 was finally concluded in 1795. The 80 ton trading vessel Union , captained by 19 year old John Boit sailed up to Anthony Island. Twelve ships had fallen to Koyah's traps and they expected an easy kill. Boit was suspicious and pulled anchor to outmaneuver the war party. Some of Haida reached and boarded the ship and their leader Koyah was among them. Boit ordered his men to open fire. Over 40 Haida were killed this day, including Koyah.
June 1: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marrage, (IV)-Joseph Berthiaume born 1735 son (III)-Joseph Berthiaume; married Marguerite Bonhomme daughter Jean Baptiste Bonhomme.
June 18: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, (III)-Isidore Navarre, Metis, born August 19, 1768 Fort Detroit son (II)-Robert Navarre, Metic, b-1739 and (III)-Marie Louise Demarsac b-1744; married (III)-Marie Francoise Descomps Labady, b-1774, daughter (III)-Alexis Descomps and (V)-Marie Francoise Robert born 1752.
July 11: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), death, Toussaint Cesire born 1767 died British Fort Detroit (Michigan).
July 13: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, (V)-Pierre Greffard born October 18, 1732 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), son (IV)-Louis Greffard and (III)-Marguerite Casse; married July 13, 1795 Detroit, Canada (Michigan), Marie Louise Dupre daughter Francois Dupre.
July 20: Fort Detroit, marriage (IV)-Antoine Vermet b-1764 son (III)-Joseph Vermet b-1742 and Marie Lajeunesse; married (II)-Catherine Saliut b-1776 daughter (I)-Jean Baptiste Saliot.
July 21: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), birth/death, (IV)-Isidore Chapoton daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste Chapoton born 1758 and (VI)-Therese Pelletier (1759-1795).
July 27: Fort Detroit, marriage (III)-Paul Plessy dit Belair son (II)-Paul Plessy b-1737 and (V)-Marie Jeanne Jarry et Henry Heurichon (1747-1783); married (V)-Archange Rivard b-1774 daughter (IV)-Jean Baptiste Rivard.
August: John Gregory of the North West Company approached Jean Baptiste Cadotte at Sault Ste Marie offering a three year contract at 1200 livres per year ($25,000). (III)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte Sr. (1723-1803) entered into a three year contract with (II)-William McGillivray, Metis, (1764-1825) and (II)-Alexander Mackenzie (1763-1820) with the intention of turning his business over to his son (IV)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte Jr. (1761-1818) the next year. The contract required that (IV)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte Jr. (1761-1818) winter in the field for the next three years. This contract, witnessed by Cuthbert Grant (Sr.?), guaranteed wheat and flour at Detroit, Canada (Michigan), prices for his father and his father's family.
August: A group of Ottawa (likely from among the Lake Superior Ojibwa), as traders, are reported at Edmonton House, and many more came to Red River des Metis Settlement last year with the new Company.
August 3: The Treaty of Greeville forced the People to give up the Ohio and a good part of Indianna because the Jay treaty caused Britain to withdraw all support for the Peoples land claims, and they say this as a no win situation. The treaty was with the Wyandot (Huron), Delawares, Shawanoes, Ottawas, Chipewas (Ojibwa), Putawatimes, Miamis, Ell-River, Weea's, Kickapoos, Piankashawa and Kaskaskias. Signing for the United States of America are:
H De Butts
Wm H. Harrison
T Lewis
James O'Hara
John Mills
Caleb Swan
Geo Demter
Vigo
P. Frs La Fontaine
Ant Lasselle
H. Lasselle
Jn Beau Bien
David Jones, Chaplin
Lewis Beaufait
R. Lachambre
Jas Depen
Baites Coutien
P. Navarre
Interpreters, most likely Metis, are:
Wm Wells
Jacques Lasselle
M. Morins
Bt Sans Crainte
Christopher Miller
Robert Wilson
Abraham Williams
Isaac Zane
Signing for the Indians, also most likely Metis, are:
J. Williams, Jun, Wyandot
Anderson (Kikthawenaund), Wyandot
Thomas Adams (Peekeetelemund), Peekeelund
Billy Siscomb (Weywinquis), Peekeelund
La Malice, Ottawas, this is likely Jean Baptiste Bouche (Boucher) Metis (1789-1826)
La Chasse, Pattawatimas of the River St. Joseph
Le Blanc (Thawme), Pattawatimas of the River St. Joseph
Le Gris, of the Miamis
Richard Ville, (Peejeewa) of the Miamis and Eel Rivers
Francis of the Weas and Piankeshaws
Josey Renard of the Kickapoos and Kaskashias
August 17: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, Jean Baptiste Companet son (II)-Jean Baptiste Comparet married (IV)Agnes Aide-Crequy born January 14, 1777 daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste Aide-Crequy and Marie Madeleine Gatignon Duchesne see 1763.
September: Niagara on the Lake, death, Robert McNabb, an infant of Allen McNabb.
September 21: Michilimackinac, marriage, Joseph Laurent Bertrand widower of Marie Therese Dulignon; married Felicite Carignant widow Jean Louis Carignant who drowned December 13, 1791 Michilimackinac.
September 23: Michilimackinac, baptism, Angelique Vaillancourt daughter Joseph Vaillancourt and Marie Elizabeth Bourgoin.
September 28: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), marriage, (V)-Alexis Campeau son (IV)-Jean Baptiste Campeau born 1743 and (V)-Genevieve Godet born 1751; married (IV)-Agathe Chesne born November 11, 1776 British Fort Detroit (Michigan), daughter (III)-Charles Chesne born 1732 and (II)-Marie Joseph Descamp dit Labadie born 1737.
October 8: Fort Detroit, birth (V)-Monique Morand daughter (IV)-Louis Morand baptised 1757 and Catherine Campeau baptised 1767.
October 8: St. Louis, Missouri, marriage Jean Baptiste Billot to (III)-Pelagie Marechal, Metis, daughter (II)-Francois Marechal, Metis, born March 31, 1751 Cahokia, (Illinois) and Marie Therese Riviere; Pelagie 2nd marriage January 11, 1814 Florissant, Missouri Charles Latour.
October 11: Niagara on the Lake, death, Mary Louth, an infant child, of the 5th Regt.
October 20: Niagara on the Lake, death, R.B. Tickel. Alas, he was starved.
October 21: Detroit, Canada (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Philippe Chabert son (III)-Francois Chabert and Marie Joseph Chesne.
November 6: River St. Clair, Western District of Canada birth Peter Laughton son Peter Laughton and Catharine Harson.
November 8: York Factory, birth (II)-Tom (Thomas) Fidler, Metis, born June 20,1795 York Factory, died March 1, 1875 son of (I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) and Mary Swampy Cree, Indian (1771-1826); married November 8, 1828 Red River, Nancy Hallet, (1796-1831) daughter Henry Hallet b-1795-96 and Catherine Cree..I think this is an error, he married November 1849, Red River, Jane Kipling (1805-1884) See below:
(June 20, 1795): York Factory, birth (II)-Thomas Fidler, Metis, son (I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) and Indian Swampy Cree woman (1771-1826): married November 1831, Red River, Jane Kipling, (1805-1884). This birth date is from HBC records for (II)-Thomas.
(June 20, 1796): York Factory, birth (II)-Thomas Jonathan Fidler Sr., Metis, died 1875 son (I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) and Mary a Swampy Cree (1771-1826).
November 7: Fort Detroit, marriage (V)-Michel Tremblay born March 23, 1768 Detroit son (IV)-Louis Michel Tremblay b-1738 and (II)-Cecile Yax b-1753: 1st married (V)-Marie Joseph Lauzon (1768-1794) daughter (IV)-Antoine Nicolas Lauzon; 2nd married November 7, 1795 Detroit (III)-Marie Joseph Chapoton daughter (II)-Jean Babtiste Chapoton.
November 16: Cahokia, Illinois, marriage, Antoine Grandbois to (IV)-Francoise Dumouchel, Metis, born May 12, 1774, baptized, July 9, 1775, Mackinac, daughter, (III)- Louis Pascal (Paschal) Dumouchel b-1725, and Francoise Sauvagesse; 1st marriage Pierre Ducheneau.
November 22: Niagara on the Lake, death, J. Smith, Colonel of the 5th Regt.
December: Green Bay, birth Amable Grignon son Pierre Grignon and Domitelle De Langlade, b-1763
December 16: (I)- Duncan Cameron a Scot (1764-1848) wrote to the Hudson Bay trader , (I)-John Best, employed HBC (1773-1803) on Lake Winnipeg, that Reieume and La Violette, who are about 30 miles from here, send people continually with goods and liquor to the Indians tents where they trade their 3 pound Blankets for 3 beaver, and one fathom of Cloth for 3 Beaver. These Gentlemen are too ignorant to know what their goods cost them, therefore they squander them away like dust. The assumption is that the goods originated from Montreal through normal suppliers rather than free market or, say, New York?
December 23: Montreal, Antoine Desjarlais, Metis, b-1794, North West Territories, son Joseph Desjarlais, b-1754 and Okemakwe; 1st married about 1821 Marie Alexis Metis b-1800, 2nd marriage Catherine Allary signed a contract with NWC to work the North West.
December 29: Antoine Desjarlais Metis is a very elusive fellow, we may never know who he was, or they are?
(An Antoine Desjarlais, from Lac St-Francis, signed a contract on January 29, 1793 with the NWC [D. P. Grant] to work in the northern area;
An Antoine Desjarlais, from Montreal, signed a contract on December 23, 1795 with Alexandre & James [NWC] to work in the north.
Other Desjarlais' from the NWC contract sheets are from Riviere du Loup - François, Charles & Moise signed on in 1792, 1808 and 1819 respectively.)
A former guide for the NWC who had been free since 1805, Desjarlais was encountered by Gabriel Franchere (1786-1863) in 1814 at Lac La Biche on his return to Canada from the coast.
On June 5, 1814, Desjarlais provided the party with provisions.
On June 6th, Gabriel Franchere (1786-1863) saw that Desjarlais was living contentedly with his family at Lac la Biche and hunting for food. Desjarlais asked Franchere to read two letters from his sisters in Varennes, letters which he had held onto for two years waiting for someone who could read.
This may be the same Antoine Desjarlais who contracted with the HBC on May 28, 1828 as an interpreter for two years and included work in the Columbia Department. By May 1833, an Antoine Desjarlais, perhaps not the same, was contracted to work elsewhere as a post master or interpreter.
1796
(I)-James T Anderson, Orkney (1775-1856) loined HBC (1796-1823) Churchill, Albany, York Factory, Red River, married (Churched) January 23, 1821, Brandon House, Mary Demoran, a Saulteaux Indian, baptized January 23, 1821 Brandon House,
CHILDREN BAPTIZED January 23, 1821, Brandon House, Lake Winnipeg
(II)-John Anderson, Metis (1804-1884) bapt 1821 Brandon House
(II)-Thomas Anderson, Metis (1806-1908), baptized February 4, 1821 Brandon House
(II)-Elizabeth Anderson, Metis (1802-1872) bapt 1821, Brandon House
(II)-James Anderson, Metis (1808-1900) bapt 1821 Brandon House
(II)-Hannah Anderson, Metis b-1810 bapt 1821 Brandon House
(II)-Mary Anderson, Metis (1813-1890) bapt 1821Brandon House
(II)-Christy Anderson Metis (1816-1864) bapt 1821 Brandon House
(II)-Euphemia (Effy) Anderson, Metis (1821-1881) bapt 1821 Brandon House
(II)-Christan Anderson, Metis, baptized May 27, 1821, Brandon House
(II)-Catherine Anderson, Metis, (1824-1851) baptized, June 27, 1824, Red River married Charles Cook b-1823
(II)-Charles Anderson, Metis, (1826-1880) baptized, January 9, 1827, Red River
(II)-Peter Anderson, Metis, (1827-1879) baptized, February 24, 1829, Red River
(II)-Henry Anderson, Metis, (1832-1873) baptized, February 8, 1832, Red River
Angelique Adam, b-1796, NWT, died September 1, 1856, Red River, married 1814 Red River des Metis, Jean Baptiste Malaterre Sr., b-1780, died April 28, 1853, Red River.
(II)-Thomas Auld, Metis son (I)-William Auld (1770-1830) and Mary Indian or Metis, epouse (I)-William Tait b-1795, Orkney; (I)-William Auld (1770-1830) abandoned his wife and their children when he returned to Scotland 1814.
David Agosa b-1796, living 1870 Omena, Michigan
(I)-John Askin (Erskine) (1739-1815), a long time merchant of Detroit, Michigan, relocated across the river, preferring to remain a Canadian.
Battise Bailey b-1796, living 1870 Custer, Michigan.
Harriet Ballendine, Metis, b-1796, York, Factory, daughter John Ballendine and Jane Metis; married (II)-John Richards McKay, Metis, b-1792 Albany Factory, Canada son (I)-John McKay, b-1763, Scotland and (II)-Mary Favel, Metis, b-1775 NWT.
Louis Bernard b-1796 Red River des Metis Settlement son Pierre Berand; married Catherine Hughes (Hayhes) Metis b-1810 Red River des Metis Settlement daughter James Hayhes, listed 1870 census Red River.
James Bird of the H.B.C. is stationed at Fort Carlton, and says he is being out traded by the Canadian Traders.
Pierre Bonga (Mukdaweos) Negro, born 1780's married about this time an Ojibwa woman in Lake Superior region.
Amable Braconnier b-1796 married Betsy Stevenson Metis b-1830 Red River des Metis Settlement daughter Edmund Stevenson Metis b-1810 and Sussette Cadotte Metis b-1820 Red River settlement. It would appear that Edmund must have had a first wife or Sussette birth date is in error?
Michilimackinac, marriage Michel Brisbois born about 1759/60 Quebec, died June, 1837 Prairie du Chien son Joseph Dubois dit Brisbois and Catherine Therese Renou dit Lachapelle, born Yamaske, Quebec; arrived Michilimackinac 1779 but by 1781 was settled at Prairie de Chien on the Upper Mississippi; 1st marriage 1785 Prairie de Chien a Winnebago Metis woman, 2nd marriage August 8, 1796 St. Ignace, Michilimackinac Domitelle Gauthier de Verville born 1781 daughter Charles Gauthier de Verville and Madelaine Chevalier. Charles is a notorious debaucher of slave women and has many Metis offspring.
(I)- Duncan Cameron a Scot (1764-1848) became a wintering partner of the North West Company.
(I)-William Dunnet (1780-1864) joined HBC (1796-1821) York, Ili-a-la Crosse, Saskatchewan, Red River, married (churched) 1830 Sophia Ballantyne (Bellendine) b-1791/94 an Indian or Metis
(II)-Isabelle Dunnet Metis b-1794 York Island
(II)-Andrew Dunnet Metis b-1807 Cumberland House 1st married Ellen Moore (1818-1838), 2nd married 1838 Mary Martinous (Martineau)
(II)-Elizabeth Dunnet Metis bapt-1811 York Island married John Slater
(II)-Margaret Dunnet Metis b-1814 York Island or Moose Lake married 1831 John (Jean Baptiste) Spence
(II)-Jessie (Janet) Dunnet Metis bapt-1815 married 1833 John Hourie
(II)-William Dunnet Metis bapt 1823 d-1893, married 1844 Margaret Calder
(II)-Isabel Dunnet Metis
(II)-Sabrina Dunnet Metis
Moose Factory (Ontario), birth (II)-Robert Chilton Jr. Metis (1796-1863) employed HBC (1811-1812) son (I)-Robert Chilton Sr. and Indian Woman; married an Indian or Metis woman had two daughters and possibly two sons?
(I)-William Hemmings Cook, (1766-1846) employed HBC (1786-1819) 1st. married 1787 Indian woman, d-1821; 2nd marriage 1787, Indian woman (likely same person 1st & 2nd); 3rd marriage, 1796, York Factory, Mith-coo-coo-man-E'Squew alias Mary Cocking or Agathas Cocking, Metis (1782-1853) baptized 1838, daughter (I)-Matthew Cocking (1743-1799): children of this union are as follows:
(II)-Jenny (Jane) Cook, Metis baptized March 6, 1831, Red River; died before 1853, married March 6, 1831, Henry Heckenberger
(II)-Samual Cook, Metis, b-1797, baptized June 23, 1823, Red River; died before 1853, married (II)-Isabella Gaddy
(II)-Jeremiah (Jerry) Cook, Metis, baptized June 23, 1823, Red River; died before 1853, married, Helen (Ellen) Spence daughter Jas Spence
(II)-Charles Cook, Metis, baptized October 28, 1823, Red River, died before 1853, 1st. married Nancy; 2nd marriage, Catherine Anderson
(II)-Mary Sarah (Polly) Cook, Metis, baptized June 1834, Red River, still alive by 1853, married William Leask Sr.
(II)-William Cook, Metis, baptized March 8, 1838, Red River, died before 1853,
(II)-Frances Cook, Metis, baptized March 8, 1838, Red River, died before 1853,
(II)-Sophia (Sophy), Metis b-1827, baptized March 8, 1838, Red River, still alive 1853, married Joseph Halcrow
(II)-Letita (Letty) Cook, Metis b-1824, baptized March 8, 1838, Red River, died before 1853, 1st married (II)-David Flett Metis bapt 1823 *, 2nd marriage Fort Vancouver, Joseph Barry Rodgers
(II)-Lydia Cook, Metis, baptized March 8, 1838, Red River, died 1845, married (II)-Joseph Flett bapt-1825 son *(I)-George Flett (1775-1850) and Indian girl
(II)-(Kitty) Cook, Metis, b-1815 Red River, still alive by 1853 1st marriage James Lyons, d-1846; 2nd marriage 1846/48 Joseph Kirton
(II)-John Dugald Cameron, a Canadian joined the North West Company
Toussaint Charbonneau, (1767-1843), is living with the Mandan People on the Missouri River. He would live on the Missouri River (North Dakota) most of his life.
Ambose R. Davenport born about 1771 is at Fort Mackinac.
Sault Ste. Marie, birth, Francis Default, Ojibwa Metis, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Missouri, birth Ellen Dorion Metis born about 1796 likely Nemaha Territory, Missouri daughter Pierre Dorion (1740-1810) and Yankton woman (Holy Rainbow); married Charles Tackett. It is noteworthy that Pierre was a polygamist also married to a Iowa woman. See 1780.
Antoine Dejarlais (Desjarlais) b-1796 Canada married about 1821 Red River, Susanna, b-1792 Red River des Metis.
Francois Dorion was a post commander for the Missouri Fur Company with Otes from 1796-1797.
Marguerite Dufort, Metis b-1797 Red River des Metis, married Alexis Bellgard, Metis b-1800 Canada.
William Dunnet (Dunnett - Dennet) (1780-1864) arrived York from Orkney as a labourer, married 1806, churched 1830 likely Red River Sophia Ballendine b-1791 an Indian woman or halfbreed.
Francois Fagnant, Metis b-1796 Red River des Metis Settlement 1st married Madeleine Lemire, Metis b-1803 Red River des Metis Settlement, 2nd marriage Charlotte Falardeau Metis b-1799 likely North West. Genealogy First Metis Nation. or (Francois Fagnant, Metis born 1790 Red River des Metis married about 1827 Red River Madeleine born 1810 Red River des Metis, 1850 census)
(I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) wintered at Buckingham House, he however is working Carlton House and Buckingham house in 1796..
Vancouver, birth Emelie Finlay Metis died 1848 daughter Francois Finlay who is working the region and Josephte Cree of the Prairies; 1st marriage Pierre Bercier, 2nd marriage 1830 Simon Plamondon (1796/1802-1900) and had 5 children by each husband. They eventually moved to Cowlitz Prairie, north of Fort Vancouver.
(I)- George Flett (1775-1850) joined HBC (1796-1823) worked York District, retired to Red River 1823 married December 7, 1823 (II)-Margaret (Peggy) Whitford Metis b-1796 baptized December 7, 1823 daughter (I)- James Peter Whitford, (1766-1818) or b-1771 and Sarah Native; Five sons baptised 1823
(II)-James Flett Metis bapt 1823 St Johns
(II)-John Flett Metis b-1815
(II)-George Flett Metis b-1817
(II)-William Flett Metis b-1820
(II)-David Flett Metis bapt-1823 married (II)-Letita (Letty) Cook Metis b-1824 daughter (I)-William Hemming Cook (1766-1846) and Indian girl
(II)-Joseph Flett Metis bapt 1825 married (II)-Lydia Cook bapt 1838 d-1845 daughter (I)-William Hemming Cook (1766-1846) and Indian girl
(II)-Margaret Flett Metis bapt 1828
(II)-Robert Flett Metis bapt 1832
Peter Flett, Indian b-1796 married Mary Indian b-1809 likely North West.
Francois Fournier, Metis b-1796, Red River des Metis, a hunter, married before 1825 Red River Angelique Methot, Metis b-1800 Red River des Metis. 1850 census. (Francois b-1793) Genealogy First Metis Nation.
New Brunswick House, Moose District (Ontario), birth (II)-Joseph Gladman, Metis (1796-11875) son (I)-George Gladman (1765-1821) and Mary More (Moar) an Indian woman from Moose Factory (Ontario) (1774-1858)
Marguerite Gingras (Trottier), Metis b-1796 Pembina
(II)-George Gladman Metis Jr. (1800-1863) born New Brunswick House (Ontario) son (I)-George Gladman Sr. (1765-1821) and Mary Moore (Moar) Indian/Metis (1774-1858) from Moose Factory (Ontario), she is likely a Metis daughter (I)-Thomas Moore of HBC (1763-1778) and Indian woman; He was sent to Europe for education 1804-1814) joined HBC (1814-1853) Moose River, Eastman, English River, York, Tadoussac; married 1827, (II)-Harriet Vincent Metis daughter (I)-Thomas Vincent (1776-1832) and Jane Renton (1782-1858); (II)-Harriet 1st epouse (I)-David Ramsey Stewart b-1786 married her at age 12 then abandoned her and child (II)-Harriet Stewart Metis b-1817/18 who married 1842 Thomas Thomas; (II)-Juliet Stewart Metis b-1819/22 married Bennet, (II)-David Stewart Metis b-1822/24
(III)-Thomas Gladman Metis (1828-1908) married Sarah Jarrett
(III)-Caroline Gladman Metis (1830-1845)
(III)-Joseph Gladman Metis (1832-1890) married Elizabeth Anne Rowe
(III)-Henry Gladman Metis married MKelissa Rientord
(III)-Charles George Gladman Metis (1837-1858)
(III)-John Vincent Gladman Metis (1840-1910 married Matilda Rowe
(III)-unnamed Gladman Metis died as infant
(II)-Joseph Gladman Metis (1796-1875) born Moose Factory son (I)-George Gladman Sr. (1765-1821) and Mary Moore (Moar) Indian/Metis (1774-1858) from Moose Factory (Ontario), she is likely a Metis daughter (I)-Thomas Moore of HBC (1763-1778) and Indian woman;
married 1st Margaret Auld (1800-1857) buried Port Hope, Ontario, likely daughter (I)-William Auld (1770-1830) and Indian woman
(II)-Elizabeth Anne Gladman Metis (1823-1891) married 1861 Archdeacon Thomas Vincevt (1835-1907)
(II)-Joseph Gladman Metis Jr.
(II)-George Gladman Metis.
(II)-Clara Caroline d-1884 married James Vincent Metis (1840-1909) son John Vincent Metis b-1797 and Charlotte Thomas
(II)-Margaret Gladman Metis (1830-1901) married Charles Stuart
(II)-Josephine Gladman Metis married Albert Grant
(II)-Harriet Gladman Metis d-1888 maybe child of wife #2
Mary Moore [Moar] b-1802 daughter George Moore and Mary Truthwaite
(II)-Mary Gladman Metis
(II)-George Gladman Metis
(II)-Elizabeth Gladman Metis
(II)-Mary Gladman Metis
(II)-Elizabeth Anne Gladman Metis
(II)-Margaret Gladman Metis
(II)-Joseph Gladman Metis
(II)-Robert Gladman Metis
(II)-Clara Caroline Gladman Metis
(II)-Harriet Gladman Metis
Albany District, birth (II)-Marguerite (Peggy) Goodwin, Metis (1796-1881), daughter (I)-Robert Goodwin aka Goodwyn, (1761-1805) employed HBC 1781-1805) married about 1790 Albany District, Jenny Mistigoose d-1798 daughter Puckethwanisk: married (II)-James Hodgson, Metis B-1785: married (II)-Jacob Daniel, Metis (1792-1870)
(II)-Cuthbert Grant, Jr. Metis b-1793/1796 North West Territories son (I)-Cuthbert Grant Sr. d-1799 of NWC and Utiniwasis b-1775 Indian:1st married Elizabeth McKay b-1800, 2nd marriage Marie Madeleine Desmarais b-1806, 3rd marriage Marie Marguerite McGillis b-1806.
(II)-Marie Grant, Metis b-1796 NWT daughter (I)-Cuthbert Grant d-1799 of NWC and Utiniwasis b-1775 Indian: married Pierre Falcon.
(III)-Marie Grant, Metis, b-1796 N.W., daughter, of an Englishman named Grant ((II)-Peter Grant, b-1764) and Margaret Ahdik-Songab (Marthe Clear Sky); married, 1822, Red River, Pierre Diverssant dit Falcon, b-1793, Quebec son Pierre Jean Baptiste Falcon (1766-1808) and Cree Woman.
Michel Henrie, Metis b-1796, born Red River des Metis, a hunter, married before 1821 Red River Marguerite b-1794 Red River des Metis.
York Factory: Francois Hoole b-1798 Red River, employed NWC (1819-1821) and HBC (1821-1885) Athabasca and Mackenzie River Districts, married Mary an Indian about 1796 or earlier..
Gordon House: birth (II)-? Howse son (I)-Joseph Howse (Howes) (1774-1852) employee HBC (1795-1815), married Indian woman York Factory, 1796
(I)-James (John) Inkster, (1774-1854) joined HBC (1796-1823) Albany and Winnipeg Department, married Albany (churched 1824 Red River, Mary a Cree Woman, (1790-1878), union churched October 26, 1824 Red River.
(II)-John Inkster Metis b-1806 Albany, bapt 1821 Brandon House married Isabella Sandison
(II)-James Inkster Metis b-1809/11 bapt 1821 married 1830 Letitia Sutherland
(II)-Mary Inkster Metis b-1811 bapt 1821, married (I)-James Taylor b-1798
George Johnson, Ojibwa Metis b-1796 Sault Ste Marie, Michigan, a descendent of Was-ba-jig, living 1850 census Sault Ste. Marie, Wisconsin.
Ambel (Abram) Keweykenso b-1796, living 1870 census, Petroskey, Michigan.
John Kipling, Metis, b-1796 son John (James) Kipling, Metis, b-1774, Red River des Metis, died September 25, 1825, Red River, and Nancy a Native, d-1840/1843.
(III)-Jack Kipling, Metis b-1796, died September 25, 1825, Red River son (II)-John Kipling, Metis, (1781-1849) and Nancy Saulteuse (1778-1840/43).
Louis George Labatte, Metis, is at Sault Ste Marie (Michigan).
Jean Baptiste Lajimoniere b-1778 is trading Pembina and Red River.
Louis Laronde b-1796 Canada married Madeleine Boucher Metis b-1810 most likely North West daughter Paul Boucher Metis b-1779 and Francoise St. Germain Metis b-1770.
Joseph Leclair b-1796 Canada married Therese Huppe Metis b-1815 Red River des Metis Settlement, likely daughter Joseph Huppe b-1788 and Marguerite Marcellais Metis b-1793.
Isadore LeCoy b-1796 Canada, living 1850 census Sault Ste. Marie, Wisconsin.
Francis LeLondu b-1796 Canada, living 1850 census Sault Ste. Marie, Wisconsin, listed as a farmer.
Manuel Lisa (1772-1826) a Spaniard of New Orleans operated a fur trading vessel along the Mississippi River.
Sault Ste Marie, birth Thomas McKay Metis (1796-1850) son Alexander McKay and Marguerite Wadin Metis (daughter Jean Etienne Wadin, a Swiss fur trader and Cree girl); joined Pacific Fur Company (1811-1813); NWC (1813-1821) and HBC (1821-1838) Columbia District. Married three times; 1st Timmee a Chinook daughter Concomly; 2nd Umatilla and 3rd Isabelle Montour.
William McKay (1793-1864) married Mary Bunn, b-1796, daughter (I)-Thomas Bunn (1765-1853) and Sara McNab Metis d-1806 daughter John McNab
Mary Nancy McKay Metis b-1799
John McKay Metis(1802-1861) .
(II)-Isobel McKay, Metis, b-1796, Albany Factory, daughter (I)-John McKay, b-1753/1763, Scotland died July 5, 1810 and (II)-Mary Favel, Metis, b-1775, Albany, daughter (I)-John Favell Jr.d-1784 and Tittmeg aka Titameg native woman
Kenneth McDonald Indian? b-1796 Scotland married Elizabeth Calder Metis b-1808 North West Territories daughter William Calder b-1785 and Sarah Pamareau Metis b-1788.
Peter McFarlane b-1796 Minnesota, married Mary b-1796 Canada, living 1850 census Sault Ste. Marie, Wisconsin, listed as a voyager.
(I)-Dr. John McNab is at Albany before 1796 and visited Montreal for HBC 1812, married Jane Cook Indian girl b-1784 bapt ?
(II)-Thomas McNab Metis b-1781/82 this date could be in error as he was likely born Albany, married 1827 Mary Saulteaux Indian b-1800
(II)-Sarah McNab Metis d-1806 married (I)-Thomas Bunn (1765-1853) his second wife
Jane Mataw, Ojibwa Metis, b-1786, arrived 1796, Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as on the Indian list
Joe Memberto b-1796, living 1870 census Walkerville, Michigan.
(III)-George Moore Metis b-1796 married Mary Truthwaite Metis b-1810 North West Territories.daughter Jacob Truthwaite Metis b-1790
(IV)-Ellen Moore Metis (1818-1838) married (II)-Andrew Dunnet, Metis bapt 1823.
Theresa Mwawkewenaw b-1796, living 1870 census Harbor Springs, Michigan.
Mary Nebenayquay b-1796, living 1870 census Sutton Bay, Michigan.
Peter Nindibens born 1796 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin married September 27, 1835 La Pointe, Wisconsin Maria Osawamik (Kadjidji) born 1805 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Joseph Nodin (Wind) born 1796 likely Lake Superior died November 4, 1842 La Pointe, Wisconsin married August 28, 1836 La Pointe, Wisconsin Angelia Ogagwedakwadokwe born 1798 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin
Jean Baptiste Paul, Metis, b-1796, son, Joseph Paulb-1770 and Louise Saulteaux (Chippewa); married February 29, 1832, Red River, Angelique Godin, Metis, born October, 1805, daughter Francois (Querry) Godin and Susanne Dakota Sioux.
Michael Petit born 1796 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin married July 24, 1836 La Pointe, Wisconsin Margarite Bongat, born 1814, likely La Pointe, Wisconsin
Geneviene Piquette, Ojibwa Metis b-1786, arrived 1796 Sault Ste Marie wife Jean Baptiste Piquette, Ojibwa Metis, b-1804 Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Henry Poitras Metis b-1796 North West Territories married Marie George Metis b-1807 most likely North West.
Augustin Racette b-1796 Canada married Susanne Gouin Metis b-1826 Red River Settlement.
(II)-John Richards, Metis returned from London to Albany and set off for Red River with (I)-"Mad" Donald McKay (1753-1833) and left HBC by a difference with Mad McKay..
Mrs. Richardson, claims 3/4 Metis, b-1796 Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as a pure Indian.
Paul Rivet born 1796 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin married November 1, 1835 La Pointe, Wisconsin Josepha Tchekwegijigokwe born 1812 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Peter Robillard b-1796 Canada married Margaret Indian b-1800 most likely North West.
Francois Roi born 1796 likely Fon du Lac, Wisconsin died October 24, 1842 La Pointe, Wisconsin married June 5, 1836 La Pointe, Wisconsin Margerite Penchinanikwe born 1806 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Joseph St. Germain, b-1796, Canada, son Alexis Brissard dit St. Germain and Louise Chabotte; married, November 19, 1833 Red River, Marie Cadotte, Metis, b-1800/05, most likely North West, daughter Laurent Cadotte, b-1766, February 8, Bastican, Quebec and Suzanne Mackegone Cree. .
Robert Sandison born North West, census 1834 Red River. Mary Bunn born 1796 North West daughter (I)-Thomas Bunn (1795-1863) listed St. Andrews, Red River 1870 census.
Robert Sanderson b-1796 North West Territories married Linnecafso Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
Pierre Guillaume Sayer Metis (1796-1849) son John Sayer Metis (1750-1818) and Marie Bwaneguau a Dakota Sioux; married Josette Frobisher Metis b-1795 daughter Alexander Frobisher; joined NWC (1818-1821) Cumberland House, HBC (1825-1826) New Caledonia, and HBC (1826-1827) Columbia District, HBC (1828-1832) Fort Pelly, settled Red River 1832. Recorded children are:
Edouard Sayer Metis b-1823;
Louis Sayer Metis b-1826;
Guillaume Sayer Metis (1827-1828)
Isidore Sayer Metis (1832-1832)
Isabelle Sayer Metis b-1834
Marguerite Sayer Metis b-1837
Josephte Sayer Metis b-1838
Henry Sayer Metis b-1841
William Sayer Metis (1843-1843)
Joseph Sayer Metis b-1843
Cleophas, Sayer Metis b-1849
Rose Sayer Metis b-1853
William Sayer b- 1796 North West Territories married Josephte Forbisher Metis b-1795 most likely North West.
Hulse or Split Lake House, birth (II)-Anne Sinclair, Metis (1796-1861) daughter (I)-William Sinclair, Orkney (1766-1818) employed HBC (1782-1818) married (I)-John Spenser (1790-1880)
Andrew Stuart b-1796 married France Thomas Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
(I)-John Stuart (1780-1847) joined NWC (1796-1821) HBC (1821-1834) assigned 1796 Fort Chipewyn 1805; with Simon Fraser River over the Rockies; 1805 in the fall, established Rocky Mountain House and Fort St. James; (1806-07) wintered Fort McLeod; (1808) down the Fraser River with Simon Fraser; (1809-1824) New Caledonia; (1824-1826 Carleton House; (1826-1827) Lesser Slave Lake; (1827-1832 Fort Alexander Red River;(1832-1834) Fort Simpson, Mackenzie River, it's hard to determine how many wives he actually had as some were castoffs and he was responsible to find suitable husbands but he was also known to sample the fruits if his charges,
1st marriage (II)-Margaret Tayor daughter (I)-George Taylor b-1860 and cast off family of (I)-George Simpson (1787/92-1860) a bigamist.
(II)-George Stewart Simpson Metis b-1827
(II)-John Mckenzie Stewart Simpson Metis b-1829
2nd marriage mid 1820's (II)-Mary Tayor b-before 1800 daughter (I)-George Taylor b-1860, this marriage was short lived as he took on a mistress. Francoise Noel Laurain the wife of Joshua Halcro
3rd marriage 1830 Catherine La Valle
(II)-Donald Stuart Metis mother Catherine La Valle
(II)-John Stuart Metis mother Catherine La Valle
4th marriage cast off wife of McTavish which caused him to run afoul of Simpson and the posting to New Caledonia.
(II)-Isabel Stuart Metis mother unknown
Pierre Sutherland b-1796 married Angelique Assiniboine Indian b-1800 most likely North West.
(I)-James Sutherland (1751-1797), Factor at Osnaburgh, reported the arrival of Captain Utchechagu with 15 members of his clan, some suggest his full clan was 23.
(I)-John Tait (1777-1851) joined HBC (1796-1939) York District, Cumberland and retired to Fort Vancouver 1844 where in died in 1851. Likely married and Indian or Metis
(II)-Jeanette Berston who married 1832 Alexander
(II)-John Tait Metis (1810-1835
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) says that the NWC post was called Winnipeg House in 1796 at N. lat. 50° 37'46'.W. long, 95'59'34'.
Nancy Tramblee, Ojibwa Metis, b-1796 arrived 1834 St. Ignace daughter John Tramblee and Ojibwa Woman, listed March 28, 1836. A relative of a Chief's wife.
Red River Region, birth Marguerite Madeleine Trottier Trotchie Metis died May 8, 1879 Walhalla, North Dakota daughter Andre Trottier b-1757 Montreal and Louise Chippewa Indian; married November 15, 1822 Rigaud, Quebec Antoine Cuthbert Gingras.
(II)-John Vincent Metis b-1797 Hudson Bay son (I)-Thomas Vincent (1776-1832) and Jane Renton Metis (1782-1858), joined HBC (1813-1840) Albany, Moose, Lake Superior, Kenogamissee; married 1843 (II)-Charlotte Thomas daughter (I)-William Thomas (1779/80-1818) and (II)-Catherine Best Metis.
(III)-
(II)-John Vincent Metis b-1796/97 Hudson Bay son (I)-Thomas Vincent (1776-1832) and (II)-Jean Renton Metis (1782-1858); joined HBC (1813-1840) Albany, Moose, Lake Superior, Kenogamissee; married 1843 (II)-Charlotte Thomas Metis b-1805 North West Territories daughter (I)-William Thomas (1779-1818)
(III)-Elizabeth Vincent Metis b-1824 New Brunswick (Ontario) or Lake Superior married Alexander Dahl
(III)-John Vincent Metis Jr. (1830-1904) married Mary Thomas; married Elizabeth Slater
(III)-Elizabeth Vincent Metis (1831-1843) born Old Factory, Albany
(III)-Eleanor Vincent Metis b-1833 Osnaburgh, Albany
(III)-Thomas Vincent Metis (1835-1907) born Osnaburgh, Albany married 1861, Elizabeth Anne Gladman (1823-1891)
(III)-William Thomas Vincent Metis (1837-1915) born Osnaburgh, Albany, married Catherine Ross
(III)-Harriet Vincent Metis (1838-1843) born Osnaburgh, Albany
(III)-James Vincent Metis (1840-1909) born Kuckatoosh, Kenogamissee, married Clar Caroline Gladman d-1884; married Ann Agnas Linklater
(III)-Albert Thomas Vincent Metis (1845-1850) born Red River
(III)-Sarah Jane Vincent Metis bapt 1847 born Red River married John Fraser
(III)-Charlotte Vincent Metis bapt 1849 Red River married Charles Richard Thomas
(III)-Henry Vincent b-1851 Red River
(III)-George Gladman Vincent (1852-1920) born Red River married Harriet Eork
Joseph Vivina Metis b-1816 Red River des Metis and both his parents were born Red River des Metis which would be about 1796; he married Mary Metis b-1821 N.W.T., living Fort Edmonton 1901.
Joseph Wakazoo b-1796, living 1870 Michigan census at Ebro, Minnesota.
(II)-Margaret (Peggy) Whitford Metis b-1796 baptized December 7, 1823 son (I)- James Peter Whitford, (1766-1818) or b-1771 and Sarah Native; married December 7, 1823 (I)-George Flett (1775-1850).
(II)-Francois Whitford Metis b-1796 baptized August 27, 1824 son (I)- James Peter Whitford, (1766-1818) or b-1771 and Sarah Native; married 1st. November 29, 1825 Mary Chlory, married 2nd? Marie Gladu Metis b-1805 North West Territories.
(II)-James Whitford Metis Jr. b-1796 York District son (I)-James Peter Whitford (1766-1818) and Sarah Indian d-1845; Joined HBC (1810-1819) Carlton House and Edmonton House; married 1820 Red River Mary Spence
(III)-Jane Whitford Metis bapt 1821 married 1838 Samuel Spence
(III)-John Whitford Metis bapt 1824
(III)-Mary Whitford Metis bapt 1826 d-1833 age 6
(III)-James Whitford Metis bapt 1830
(III)-Peter Whitford Metis bapt 1832
(III)-Sally Whitford Metis bapt 1834)
(III)-Francois Whitford Metis bapt 1836
(III)-Andrew Whitford Metis bapt 1838
(III)-Margaret Whitford Metis bapt 1841
(III)-Donald Whitdford Metis bapt 1844
(III)-Nancy Whitford Metis 1848
Frank Williams b-1796, living 1870 census Petoskey, Michigan.
Fort Malden is built by the British on the east side of the Detroit River at Amherstburg, Ontario. It was, however, not completed until 1799.
Todd, McGill and Company hire Jean Baptiste Houle for the trade.
Only 3 people claimed to be born at the Red River des Metis Settlement this year.
The Roman Catholic Church, in 1846, claimed to have occupied the same spot on the North Bank of St. Mary's River (Sault Ste Marie) as a burial ground from 1796 to 1846.
(IV)-Charles Chaboiller (1772-1812) of the NWC is assigned to Assiniboine and the Red River Department. He kept a journal until 1798 that lists his voyageurs as Dubois, Chaurette, Roy, Bercier, Desjarlaix, Sauve, Bourret, Francois Delorme, Richards- a HBC man who defected to NWC, Mineclier, Le Duc, Bertrand, Chevalier, Allard, Bibeau, Pouilliot, Foumas, Lambert, Cadotte, and Hyversoit.
The Canadians abandoned the Forts according to the Jay treaty, and the refugees came to Sanwich (Windsor) and Amherstburg. Some Settled in the lower Thames river valley (below present day Chatham). The long point peninsula of Lake Erie was the last major center of White Loyalist settlements. The Americans began to interfere with the North West Company posts in the Illinois country, and many are forced to join the American Company or go to Red River to continue their trade. The Red Lake Trading Post on Red Lake, at the source of the Lac Rouge River- a tributary of Red River in the Fond du Lac District, is turned over to the Americans.
Fort Michilimackinac was transferred to the United States and the forces stationed there retired to the St. Joseph Island, where they built a fort and blockhouse. This post created the famous volunteer contingent of 160 voyagers and 30 British regulars who regained Mackinaw in the war of 1812 on July 12.
British soldiers killed Chief Wabakinine at York while he was trying to protect his sister from sexual assault, enraging the Mississauga (Ojibwa) Natives at the Western end of Lake Ontario.
(III)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte Sr. (1723-1803), Sauteax of La Pointe de Chagouamigon Bay, entered into agreement with the North West Company to allow Cadotte to trade the tributaries to Fond du Lac, which included Red River, in the interests of the North West Company. He maintained a fort on Red Lake, a short distance south of the exit of Red River, until 1797. He also constructed a ten mile portage this year. Cadotte Sr., in May, turned over all his property to his two legitimate sons. In return, he wanted them to care for him for the rest of his life, in view of his indisposition and great age. The witnesses at the Sault to this transaction are his neighbor Jean Baptiste Nolin (married to Marie Angelique Couvret, b-1770) and new comer (I)-John Johnson (1762?-1828) or (1742-1830?) who had arrived La Pointe about 1792.
Francois Beaubein Desrivers is one of the few traders who did not sell out to the North West Company. He signed with the XY Company, an agreement of 1798, but he died some time before 1802. His family does not appear to take part in the North West fur trade after this date.
Joseph Reaume did accept a post with the Company and was assigned to the Fort Dauphin district, near where he wintered as a freeman the year before opposing John Cobb HBC Post Doubtful. Fort Doubtful was shut down because the Indians were much attached to Reaume. Reaume stayed here until 1799.
(IV)-Charles Chaboillez (Chaboiller) (1772-1812) a Metis, of the NMWC, junior of Michilimackinc and father Charles Jean Baptiste Chaboillez (1736-1808), senior wintered at Rat River.
(I)-James Sutherland (1751-1797) is assigned by (I)-John McNab, Chief at Albany on James Bay, to Brandon House on the Assiniboine River.
The Northwest Company established trading posts at Horse Lake (1796-1797) and Fly Lake (1796-1799), both north west of Lake Superior.
James Mackay of the Missouri Company sent John Evans, a Welshman, with a small party to the Mandans. Evans had come to America to find the Welsh Indians, descendents of Prince Madoc who he believed discovered America in 1170. Evans made a detailed map that Louis and Clark would later use. The Mandan did not like the higher cost of Spanish trade goods and preferred to deal with Mackinac and Prairie du Chien.
Construction begins on Fort St. Joseph this summer by Andrew Foster and Company, situated on the south east tip of St. Joseph Island at the eastern entrance of the channel, linking Lake Huron and Superior. The intent was for Fort St. Joseph to replace Fort Michilimackinac as the hub of the fur trade. Leonard Brown and 12 men arrived in the fall to assist in the construction. Thomas Duggan, an alcoholic, moved from Fort Mackinac, this year, to Fort St. Joseph and was court marshaled in 1802 for defrauding two Ojibwa customers. It is noteworthy that St. Joseph Island hosted Ojibwa, Ottawa, French-Canadians, Metis, and English, Scottish and German-Jewish merchants and traders, as well as British soldiers.
January 12: Quebec, marriage (II)-Paul Hotesse Metis Huron de Lorette son (I)-Zacharie Hotesse, second Chief Huron de Lorette and Charlotte LaHrenouatha; married Marie Louise Galarneau.
February 16: Detroit, Michigan, marriage William Harffy to Ann Roe.
February 16: Michilimackinac, baptism, female Borde daughter Jean Baptiste La Borde dit Sans Regret and Marguerite Machar Chevalier.
March 25: Michilimackinac, baptism, female Frambois, daughter Alexis La Frambois and Marie Josephte Adhemar.
March 25: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (V)-George Sicotte son (IV)-Jean Baptiste Sicotte b-1749 and (IV)-Marie Angelique Poupart Laboize b-1753.
April 19: Cahokia, marriage (IV)-Joseph Lepage, Metis, son (III)-Joseph Lepage, Metis, b-1750 and Genevieve Frechet: married Therese Gaudin dit Tourangeau, epouse November 24, 1814, Cahokia, Louis Langevin.
July: Alexander Mackenzie wrote: We have settled with Laviolet and Beaubien, two long time free traders. They will fall in our debt for 40,000 livres, though we gave them 30,000 livres for their property in the country. The principles of the North West Company are determined to eliminate all Coureurs des Bois or free traders from the fur trade. LaViolett is hired for two years to winter in River Pabinna, but he and his partner quarreled and he goes down. LaViolette accepted a clerkship position in the Lake Winnipeg district in 1797 as a means to discharge his debt to the company. (IV)-Gabriel Attina LaViolette, alias Ranger (d-1803), died Fond du Lac during the winter of 1803-1804.
July 21: Michilimackinac, marriage (III)-Alexis (Alexander) FaFard dit LaFramboise, Metis horseman, born Three Rivers, Quebec, son of (II)-Jean Baptiste Fafard dit Laframboise b-1763 Trois Rivers died 1800 Fort Michilimackinac and Genevieve Exupere Trotter LaBissonniere; 1st married March 19, 1792, St. Ignace, Mackinac Island, Michigan, Marguerite Sauragess Sauteuse born 1780 Fort Detroit Michigan died May 16, 1879 Red River; 2nd marriage Marie Josette Adhemar St. Martin daughter Antoine Adhemar and Genevieve Blondeau of Detroit, Michigan. See July 29, 1796.
July 25: (IV)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte Jr. (1761-1818) entered into a five year contract with the North West Company, making him chief trader of Red Lake and its dependencies. As a result, (II)-Alexander Mackenzie (1763-1820) assumed Cadotte's indebtedness to Jean Baptiste Nolin and Marie Angelique Couvret, b-1770 at the Sault.
July 26: Michilimackinac, baptism, Angelique Vaillancourt daughter Joseph Vaillancourt and Marie Elizabeth Bourgoin.
July 27: Michilimackinac, baptism, Angelique Roi born 1787 daughter Louis Roi and Savage Sauteux Woman
July 27: Michilimackinac, baptism, Louis Roi born 1792 son Louis Roi and Savage Sauteux Woman
July 27: Michilimackinac, baptism, Genevieve Roi born January 1795 son Louis Roi and Savage Sauteux Woman
July 27: Michilimackinac, baptism, Marie Anne daughter of Savage Woman.
July 28: Michilimackinac, baptism, Alexandre Clark, Metis, born 1790 son Jacque Clark and Savage Sauteux Woman.
July 28: Michilimackinac, baptism, Julienne Clark, Metis, born 1792 daughter Jacque Clark and Savage Sauteux Woman.
July 28: Michilimackinac, baptism, Louise Clark, Metis, born 1794 daughter Jacque Clark and Savage Sauteux Woman.
July 28: Michilimackinac, baptism, Sophie Solomon, Metis, daughter Guillaume Solomon and Savage Sauteux Woman.
July 28: Michilimackinac, baptism, Rose Laborde, daughter Jean Baptiste Laborde and Marguerite. Rosalie Laborde married John Dousman.
July 29: Michilimackinac, marriage Alexis Lafromboise and Josephe Adhemar. See March 19, 1792.
July 30: Michilimackinac, marriage Joseph Laurent Bertrand to Felicite Pillet (Carignant). See September 21, 1795.
July 29: (III)-Alexander (Alexis) Laframboise Metis (1763-1800) is in the west 1785
July 29: Michilimackinac, baptism, (IV)-Alexis Laframboise, Metis son (III)-Alexander LaFramboise Metis (1763-1800) and Josephe Adhemar or Marguerite Sauteuse.
July 29: Michilimackinac, baptism, (IV)-Genieve Laframboise, Metis daughter (III)-Alexander LaFramboise Metis (1763-1800)and Josephe Adhemar or Marguerite Sauteuse..
July 29: Michilimackinac, baptism, (IV)-Josephte Laframboise, Metis daughter (III)-Alexander LaFramboise Metis (1763-1800) and Josephe Adhemar or Marguerite Sauteuse..
July 29: Michilimackinac, baptism, (IV)-Jean Baptiste Laframboise, Metis son (III)-Alexander LaFramboise Metis (1763-1800) and unknown, I assume child is not by his wife Joseph Adhemar likely by Marguerite Sauteuse..
July 29: Michilimackinac, baptism, (IV)-Joseph Laframboise, Metis born 1790, son (III)-Alexander LaFramboise Metis (1763-1800)and unknown, I assume child is not by his wife Joseph Adhemar. likely by Marguerite Sauteuse.
July 29: Marie Madelaine Courtois, Metis, born 1793, daughter Joseph Courtois and Savage Sauteux Woman.
August 1: Joseph Courtois and his Sauteux wife baptized their three year old daughter Marie Madelaine, Metis, at Mackinac.
August 1: Michilimackinac, baptism, Magdaleine Bouriess, Metis, born 1789 daughter Louis de Bouriess and Savage Sauteux Woman.
August 2: Michilimackinac, baptism, Female Frerot, born 1794, daughter Nicolas Frerot and Josephine Poitras.
August 3: Michilimackinac, baptism, Francois Regis Bourassa, Metis, born January 1794, son unknown and Savage Slave of Bourassa.
August 8: Michilimackinac, baptism, Francoic LaFortune, Metis, born 1790, son Joseph Lafortune and a Savage Sauteux Woman.
August 8: Michilimackinac, baptism, Catherine Martin, Metis, daughter Antoine Martin and a Savage Sauteux Woman.
August 8: Michilimackinac, marriage Michel Brisbois son Joseph Brisbois and Marguerite Devault; married Donnitelle Gautier daughter Carles Devault and Magdeline Chevalier.
August 9, 1796: St. Louis, Missouri, marriage Alexander Bellissime married (V)-Marie Joseph Bobidou b-1763 espouse 1783 (III)-Pierre Morisseau b-1783.
October 4: Michilimackinac, baptism, Angelique Vaudette, Metis, born May 1795 daughter Hypolite Vaudette and Savauge Woman.
December 7: Michilimackinac, marriage Michel LaBruere to Inacvois Kamoquoy.
1797
Mackinac Births, 1765-1797
Ethnicity Number Percent
Métis 94 71.76
Euro-American 8 6.11
Indian 13 9.92
African-American 2 1.53
Uncertain 14 10.69
Michel Allary b-1797, Metis, married Marie Indian likely North West.
(II)-William Auld, Metis son (I)-William Auld (1770-1830) and Mary Indian or Metis, epouse (I)-William Tait b-1795, Orkney; (I)-William Auld (1770-1830) abandoned his wife and their children when he returned to Scotland 1814.
Antoine Azure Sr., Metis, b-1797 Red River des Metis, son Joseph Azure, b-1769, Quebec died 1832 Red River and Lizette Manaecha, a Native b-1775; married after 1820 Charlotte Pelletier, Metis, b-1785 daughter Antoine Pelletier and Marguerite a Native.
(I)-George Budge, Orkney, (1779-1847) employed HBC (1797-1847) Albany and Moose Districts (Ontario), 1st married Indian woman, they had one child (II)-George Budge, Metis; 2nd marriage March 28, 1826 Samba Township Kent Co., Marry Ann Harrison, Widow, two children James Budge born February 7, 1827 and (II)-Mary Ann Budge born September 7, 1829
(I)-William Budge, Orkney b-1798 employed HBC (1790-1806) mostly York Factory.
(I)-Thomas Bunn (1765-1853) employed HBC (1797-1822) Albany and District of York Factory, married three times, retired Red River
1st married Albany, about 1797, Jane Roper, Metis (1769-1795) daughter William Roper and Indian woman
2nd married Albany, about 1798, (II)-Sarah McNab, Metis, d-1806 daughter (I)-John McNab Dr. (1755-1820) and Jane Cook Indian b or bapt-1784
(II)-Nancy (Mary) Bunn, Metis b-1799
(II)-John Bunn, Metis (1802-1861)
3rd married, York Factory, September 9, 1820, (II)-Phoebe Sinclair, Metis (1792-1848) daughter (I)-William Sinclair (1766-1818) and Margaret Nahoway Cree
(II)-Sarah Bunn,, Metis b-1808
(II)-Frances Bunn, Metis b-1810
(II)-Eleanor Bunn, Metis b-1812
(II)-William Bunn, Metis b-1816, baptized 1817
(II)-no name Bunn,, Metis daughter died March 15, 1816 at 16 months old.
Mary Bazinaw b-1797, living 1870 census, Mackinac Island, Michigan.
(I)-John Best employed HBC (1773-1803) recorded how one Hudson Bay Man struck an Indian on the head with a knife when the latter was reaching for a piece of bread in the store. Had we not treated him, he might have bled to death. The same employee broke the Indian's gun, which we replaced.
(I)-James Bird Sr., a.k.a. James Curtis (d-1856), is a trader at Cumberland House, York until 1799.
James Bird wrote (I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) at Cumberland House, asking him to send up supplies of ice chisels, hatchets and files, but Fidler replied that he could not spare them.
(III)-George Bird born 1797 North West son (II)-Joseph Bird (b-1781), census 1831 Red River.
Lake Superior, birth Marguerite Bonga, Metis born 1797-98, died 1880 daughter Pierre Bonga (Mukdaweos) Negro, born 1780's and an Ojibwa woman of Lake Superior; married 1823 Fond du Lac Jacob Fahlstrom.
Francois Bonneau, Metis, b-1797 son Jean Baptiste Bonneau, (1752-1842) and Louise Native, b-1760; married (III)-Marie Favel, Metis, b-1795, N.W.T. daughter (II)-Humphrey Martin Favel, Metis, b-1764 and Jenny Native.
Charles Joseph Bottineau, born May 1, 1776 Berthier en Haut, Quebec, died 1824 East Grand Forks, Minnesota, married 1797 Red River des Metis, Techomegood.
Emilie Bottineau, Metis, b-1797, Red River des Metis, died 1850, daughter Charles Joseph Bottineau, b-1776 and Techomegood: married 1819 Red River des Metis, Louis Suplice Lapointe.
(I)-Thomas Bunn (1765-1853) joined HBC (1797-1822) worked York District retired Red River. Entered into three marriages:
#1 Jane Roper (1769-1795) daughter William Roper
#2 Sarah McNab d-1896 daughter John McNab
(II)-Mary Nancy Bunn b-1799 married (II)-William McKay Metis (1793-1887)
(II)-John Bunn Metis (1802-1861)
#3 Phoebe Sinclair (1792-1848) daughter (I)-William Sinclair (1766-1818) Margaret (Nahoway) Cree or Metis; married September 9, 1820
(II)-Sarah Bunn Metis b-1808
(II)-Frances Bunn Metis b-1810
(II)-Elenor Bunn Metis b-1812
(II)-unnamed girl Metis (1815-1816)
(II)-William Bunn Metis b-1816
(IV)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte Jr., Metis, born (1761-1818), wintered at the forks of the Red Lake and Clearwater River (Red Lake Falls, Minnesota). Some suggest he is credited with opening the fur trades region above the Upper Mississippi. This is not likely but he was a significant player.
Jeremie Cardinal b-1797 married Louise Adam Metis b-1813 Red River des Metis Settlement daughter Joseph Adam b-1785 Red River des Metis Settlement and Isabelle Rivard Metis b-1805 Red River des Metis Settlement.
Jean Baptiste Charbonneau Metis b-1797 Canada son Joseph Charbonneau b-1777 and Margaret Lamoureaux Metis b-1780; married Louise Boucher Metis b-1800 likely North West.
Prairie du Chien, birth Sophie Brisbois, Metis daughter Michel Brisbois (1759-1837) and Domitelle Gauthier de Verville born 1781 Prairie du Chein.
Andrew Charlebois married (V)-Marie Joseph Hamelin Metis baptised August 19, 1787 Michillimackinac daughter (IV)-Louis Charles Hamelin Metis born 1737 Michillimackinac and Marie Joseph LeSable of the Sauteuse (Ojibwa) Nation born 1737 Michillimackinac.
(I)-Peter Corrigal aka Corrigle Orkney, (1782-1866) employed HBC (1797-1823) 1st. married Christianna an Indian Woman (1751-1851) and they had a son (II)-James Corrigal, Metis; 2nd marriage Margaret an Indian Woman, (I)-Peter retired Red River 1819.
Jane Cotay b-1797, living 1870 census, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.
Louis Cyr b-1797 Canada 1st married Nancy Metis b-1799 likely North West, 2nd marriage Elise Cummings Metis b-1805 likely North West.
Josephte Cyr Metis b-1812 married Joseph Huppee b-1818 Red River
David Demontigny b-1797 married Josephte Fagnant Metis b-1799 likely North West.
Marriage, Red River des Metis, Jean Baptiste Desjardins Sr. to Josette Desjardis (Laserpente).
(I)-Robert Dickson, a.k.a. Mascotapah (Red Hair Man) (1768-1823), from Mackinac, son John Dickson and Helen Wight of Scotland. He eventually made his home at Lake Traverse, a favorite Dakota camping site, and married about 1797 Helen or Totowin daughter of Wanoti and a sister of Nakota Red Thunder, a Yankton Dakota chief.
Michel Donnais b-1797 Canada married Isabelle Metis b-1800 likely North West.
Joachim Dorion from L'Assomption is engaged by McTavish, Frobisher and Company for Grand Portage.
Joseph Duganne b-1797 married Marie Chatelain Metis born 1800 likely North West.
Sophia Eniwesky b-1797, living 1870 census, Sutton's Bay, Michigan.
(III)-John Favel Metis (1797/1800-1870) married (II)-Isabel Short Metis b-1804 likely North West.daughter (I)-James Short (1767-1840) and Bethsy Cree or Saulteaux (1783-1863)
(I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) noted the comings and goings of N.W.C. Iroquois traders working out of Buckingham House.
Michael Frishette b-1797 Canada, living 1850 census Sault Ste. Marie, Wisconsin, listed as a voyager.
Francois Gariepy Sr., b-1797, married Louise Gladu, Metis, b-1800 daughter Charles Gladu Sr. and Elisabeth Metis.
(I)-Hugh Gibson (1780-1869) joined HBC (1797-1823) York Factory and Fort Edmonton (1811-1823), married Indian Woman, likely the same man who married 1829 Christiana Indian bapt 1830; in 1823 he had a family of seven and was a freeman.
(II)-James Gibson Metis (1818-1838) bapt 1824
(II)-John Gibson Metis (1815-1836) bapt 1826
(II)-Barbara Gibson Metis
(II)-Anne Gibson Metis
(II)-Elizabeth Gibson Metis bapt 1826
(II)-David Gibson Metis (1820-1833) bapt 1826
(II)-Robert Gibson Metis (1818-1832) bapt 1827
(II)-Hugh Gibson Metis (1825-1831) bapt 1827,
(II)-Maria Gibson Metis bapt 1831
Detroit, Michigan, marriage, Jean Baptiste Gignar and Charlotte Berland.
Cuthbridge (Cuthbert) Grant b-1797 North West, census 1831 Red River. Possible son Peter Grant (1761-1848) or Cuthbert Grant (Sr.)?
(I)-Donald Gunn b-1797 Scotland, died 1878 married about 1821, Severn District, (II)-Margaret Swain, Metis b-1802 bapt 1826 North West Territories likely daughter (I)-James Swain b-1775 employed HBC (1791-1817) and Indian woman,
John Edward Harriot b-1797 1st married Elizabeth Pruden b-1800, 2nd marriage Nancy Bunn Metis b-1810 Red River des Metis Settlement.
Henry Hay Metis b-1797 1st married Sarah Arcus b-1782, 2nd marriage Marguerite Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
(II)-Henry Howse, Metis (1797-1808) son (I)-Joseph Howse (Howes) (1774-1852) employed HBC (1795-1815) and Mary an Indian woman: married November 1, 1830, Janet Spence.
Jack Hubert, Ojibwa Metis, b-1797 St. Ignace son Jack Hubert, Ojibwa Metis and Ojibwa Metis woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Nephew of the chief of Gd Traverse.
Louis Keway b-1797, living 1870 census, Harbor Springs, Michigan.
Mary Kewaykenso b-1797, living 1870 census, Petoskey, Michigan.
(I)-James Kirkness (1774-1843) joined HBC (1797-1822) married 1816 York Factory (II)-Jane Sinclair Metis (1801-1861) daughter (I)-William Sinclair (1766-1818) and Margaret (Nahoway) Cree or Metis. The following children are recorded:
(II)-Amelia Kirkness Metis b-1817, baptised October 1, 1826, Orkney married 1845 Captain Alexander Sclater (Slater)
(II)-Mary Kirkness Metis b-1818 married William Birston Metis (1808-1888)
(II)-James Kirkness Metis b-1832 baptised Orkney married Jane Ward
(III)-James Kirkness Metis joined HBC (1864-1882) Saskatchewan District, Fort Edmonton (1871-1882)
(II)-William Kirkness Metis baptised 1841 Orkney
(III)-William Kirkness Metis joined HBC 1863
Francois Lamoureux born 1797 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin married September 27, 1835 La Pointe, Wisconsin Maria Osawamik (Kadjidji) born 1805 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Oliver Larocque Metis b-1797 Canada married Margaret Piche Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
Carol La Rose born 1797 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin died May 30, 1844 La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Charles La Rose born 1797 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin married August 16, 1835 La Pointe, Wisconsin Angelica Roi born 1795 likely La Pointe, Wisconsin.
Alexis Lesperance b-1797 Lower Canada married Marguerite Grenot Metis b-1801Upper Canada.
Louison Letendre, Metis, b-1797, died September 18, 1883, St. Laurent de Grandin, Saskatchewan son Jean Baptiste Letendre Jr., b-1761, Quebec and Josephte Cree; married, June 6, 1825 Red River, Marie Julie Hallet, Metis, born June 20, 1806 The Pas, NWT, died 1901 daughter Henry Hallett and Catherine Cree.
Duncan Livingston Metis Jr. (1797-1828) born Red River or Athabasca, son Duncan Livingstone Metis Sr. Some say he is the 1/2 brother of Jean Baptiste Boucher, Metis or Native? of New Caledonia District born around the same time frame. Both joined NWC (1819-1821). Duncan worked HBC (1821-1828) New Caledonia. He married 1824 a Creee Metis woman from McLeod Lake and formalized his marriage May 26, 1825 and had one son
unnamed Livingston Metis son born July 15,1825.
John Lyons Metis b-1781 Hudson Bay joined HBC (1797-1818) Albany, Red River, Brandon
Thomas Lyons Metis joined HBC (1857-1858) Red River
(I)-George McKay b-1797 Scotland married Helen Indian b-1800 North West Territories.
(II)-Elizabeth McKay, Metis, b-1797, Albany Factory, daughter (I)-John McKay, b-1753/1763, Scotland died July 5, 1810 and (II)-Mary Favel, Metis, b-1775, Albany, daughter (I)-John Favell Jr.d-1784 and Tittmeg aka Titameg native woman
Dr. John Munro is at Grand Portage.
Nicholas Morris Jr. b-1797, living 1870 census Stonington, Michigan.
Dennis Nadeau b-1797 married Madeleine Daze Metis b-1800 North West Territories.
Amable Nault b-1797 Canada married Josephte Lagemonier b-1812 Red River des Metis Settlement.
Pierre Parenteau b-1797 Canada married Josephte Laurin Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
Louis Perreault b-1797 married Madeleine Ducharme Metis b-1801 most likely North West.
Bonaventure Parisien b-1797 married Isabel Indian b-1783 most likely North West.
St. Louis, Missouri, marriage Louis Resson son Louis Tesson Honore; married 1st. Marie Duchouquette, 2nd marriage 1788 St. Louis Therese Creely, 3rd marriage 1797 St. Louis Catherine Rivet, 4th marriage 1811, St. Louis, Missouri.
Jean Baptiste Richard b-1797 North West Territories married Margaret Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
George Ross b-1797 Orkney married Catherine Breland Metis b-1813 most likely North West daughter free trader Pierre Breland aka Berland (1760-1829).
Jean Baptiste La De Route, Metis born 1797 Red River des Metis son Philibert LaDeRoute, listed census 1870 St. Boniface, Red River.
Jean Baptiste Rouleau born 1797 likely Fond du Lac, Wisconsin married July 28, 1836 La Pointe, Wisconsin Elisabeth Mokigijigokwe born 1816 likely Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
Jack Saunders, Metis, b-1797 North West Territories married Isabel Indian b-1790 most likely North West.
John Saveret b-1797 married Louise Roussin Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
John Smith b-1797, living 1870 census Hessel, Michigan.
D. Arpentigny St. Luc b-1797 Canada married Catherine Boucher Metis b-1805 most likely North West.
(I)-James Spence b-1779, joined HBC, July 1797 to 1818 assigned (1811-1818) on the Saskatchewan, then settled in Red River, he married an Indian woman bapt-1822.
(II)-Robert Spence Metis bapt-1822
(II)-Betsy Spence Metis bapt-1822
(II)-Charlotte Spence Metis bapt-1822
(II)-Ellen Spence Metisbapt-1822 married (II)-Jeramiah Cook b-1823
2nd marriage 1822 Jane Morwick Metis daughter of James Worwick and likely Indian; the widow of (I)-Oman Norquay (1773-1820)
(II)-Nancy Norquay Metis
(II)-William Norquay Metis
(II)-Isabella Norquay Metis married John Morwick
(II)-James Norquay Metis
(II)-John Norquay Metis married 1832 Isabella Truthwaite
(II)-Joseph Spence Metis bapt 1826
(II)-Catherine Spence Metis bapt 1829
(I)-James Sutherland (1778-1844) joined HBC (1797-1825), retired Red River.
1st married an Indian Girl and had eight children:
(II)-William Sutherland Metis b-1809
(II)-Sally Sutherland Metis
(II)-Nancy Sutherland Metis likely married Charles Forrest (1810-1851)
(II)-Elizabeth Sutherland Metis married (I)-James Inkster (1805-1865)
(II)-Latitia Sutherland Metis
(II)-James Sutherland Metis
(II)-John Sutherland Metis
(II)-Roderic Sutherland Metis
2nd marriage 1828, Jane Flett (1785-1835) likely marriage year is year churched in Red River after retirement
(II)-Lactita (Letita) Sutherland b-1815 married (II)-James Inkister Jr. Metis b-1809 his 2nd wife
James Sutherland (1751-1797) died shortly after taking command of Brandon House. His two brothers, Robert and Alex, inherited his savings of 1,050 pounds. No mention is made of brother Andrew who was with the HBC and who must have died earlier. His Metis children are not allowed to travel to Britain and are given an allowance.
James Swain b-1797 married Nancy Henry Metis, b-1806 most likely North West, likely daughter Alexander Henry the younger, Metis (1764-1814).
Isaac Todd (1742-1819) dissolved his long time partnership with James McGill.
Elisabeth Tremblez born 1797 likely Lake Superior daughter Chantal, died May 28, 1857 LaPointe, Wisconsin, widow of Tremblez.
Red River Region, birth Joseph Trottier Trotchie Metis died January 30, 1852 Red River (Pembina) son Andre Trottier b-1757 Montreal and Louise Chippewa Indian; married June 14, 1841 Red River Marie Chippewa Indian.
Joseph Trottier Metis b-1797 North West Territories married Elizabeth b-1786.
Joe Yanot b-1797, living 1870 census Suttons Bay, Michigan.
Francois Xavier Welsh b-1797 Canada married Charlotte Sauve Metis b-1809 North West Territories.
(I)-Thomas Wishart b-1797 Scotland married Barbara Spence Metis b-1800 most likely North West.
Jim Zoondah b-1797, living 1870 census Star City, Michigan.
The N.W.C. established a trading post at Fond du Lac on the eastern shore of Lake Athabasca.
Orkney fishing boats, flat bottomed with high pointed bow and stern, are introduced into the Saskatchewan River. They are later to be called 'York Boats'. Some claim that, although influenced by Orkney design, the York boat was invented by the Metis.
The York Boat was introduced because the English and Orkney were unable to master the canoe. This is a replica on the Red River.
(I)-James Sutherland (1751-1797) died April 29 at Brandon house. His two brothers, Robert and Alex, inherited his savings. His Indian woman and children are not mentioned in his writings, but the Hudson Bay Company Secretary suggested that the children remain in Rupert's Land and that the brothers will send an annual allowance through the Company. It is noteworthy that prior to this decade, Metis children were not acknowledged by the Hudson Bay Company. The wives and children were essentially abandoned to fend for themselves. It is also recorded that many of the returning Orkney, who returned after 8-10 years service, having abandoned their wives and children, returned to Scotland with all the vices and none of the virtues of the savages.
Hudson Bay Company's Lac La Pluie (Rainy Lake) Post is abandoned, as nobody at Osnaburgh Post (Lake St. George) knew the way there. (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857), a thirteen year veteran with the Hudson Bay Company, defected in order to work for the North West Company because they would not let him do surveying and map making. He is hired, at four times his former salary, to survey the American and North West Company boundaries. (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) would marry a Metis named (II)-Charlotte Small, Metis (1784-1856) daughter of free trader (I)-Patrick Small Sr. and Cree Indian woman.. (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) is considered a poor explorer/, but an excellent surveyor and map maker. This is likely an opinion of a HBC man. Others suggest Thompson was a great explorer as he wisely listened to the natives and Metis who traveled extensively throughout America. His Metis wife Charlotte was likely a big asset.
A local priest suggested that men from Sorel (seventy kilometers from Montreal), rather than Lachine engages, be hired for a missionary expedition to the Red River Metis colony, as they are experienced, honest, polite and- above all- inexpensive. More than one third of Sorel's adult population are voyagers.
Meanwhile, Charles Jean Baptiste Chaboillez (1736-1808), North West Company, built Fort Pambian (Pembina) on the south bank of the Pembina River, near its mouth, in Red River Metis Territory. He had a fort at Pembina, on the American side, for many years but destroyed it in 1796 to relocate on the Canadian side. It is noteworthy that Pembina and region has been a strong Metis settlement since before 1780. (IV)-Charles Chaboillez, Metis, (1772-1812), junior, attempted to keep the Indians from trading with the Cadot Post. (IV)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte Jr. (1761-1818) is reported being at the Fond du Lac post, about two miles where St. Louis Rivers enters. He shortly moved to the Red Lake River Falls post, probably in response to the Chaboillez threat. (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) met Jean Baptiste Cadotte (1761-1818) at Red Lake, noting he is fluent in Ojibwa, Latin, English and French. During these years on the Saskatchewan, the beavers are so plentiful that women and children can kill them with stick and hatchet. Corbeau of Red Lake is trading Red River.
Forsyth, Richardson and Company, a subsidiary of Phyn, Ellice and Company of London and the Parker, Gerrard and Ogilvie Company of Montreal, joined forces, calling themselves The New North West Company. This Company would be known as the 'XY' Company after October 28, 1798.
The North West Company began construction of the Sault Ste Marie Canal. It is completed by 1801 and destroyed in 1812 by the Americans. Fort Cadot (Cadotte House) is built on the south bank of Red Lake River at the mouth of Clearwater River, on the right bank of the latter. This fort, built by (IV)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte (b-1761) of La Pointe, is believed abandoned by 1800.
James Perlier of Montreal, his Metis woman and one of the Dickson brothers, wintered near Sauk Falls.
(I)-Peter Fidler (1769-1822) near Buckingham House on the Saskatchewan River, noted the coming and going of Iroquois Indians engaged in the fur trade.
The North West Company at Salt River, North Dakota River, establishes Roy’s House.
Alexander McKee, Thomas McKee, his son and Peter Drummand, began to negotiate to purchase St. George Island. Thomas Lacey and 6 men are working on Fort St. George, which was started in 1796 and is not completed until 1799. It is located on the west side of Niagara River at Niagara-on-the-Lake. It is intended as a replacement for Fort Niagara which was built in 1678 across the river.
Peter Drummond and Company replace Andrew Foster at Fort Saint Joseph. Fort Saint Joseph was built by the British in 1796 at the eastern entrance of the channel, linking Lakes Huron and Superior. Thomas Lacey had arrived in June with six skilled civilians to construct the blockhouse and kitchen. Charles Langlade and Culver, fur traders, built houses on the Island this year.
One of (I)-David Thompson's companions got lost on a trip from Assiniboine to the Mandan Villages on the Missouri and owed his life to a chance discovery by his associates.
The Missouri Company Cajon's are called back to St. Louis from the Earthlodge Villages to prepare for the next season.
The Northwest Company establishes a trading post at Saunders Lake
The missions of San Miguel Archangel and San Juan Beautista are established this year in Spanish Alta (Upper) California
Francois Alexander Frederic La Rochefoucault Liancourt, wrote of the new form of slavery used by the North West Company on their employees. His opinion agreed with those of Italian Count, Andreani in 1791. The men employed in the trade are paid in merchandise which the N.W.C. sells at enormous profit. They prefer to hire men with a drinking problem and if they are living a sober life, he is burdened with the most laborious work, until by continual ill-treatment he is driven to drunkenness and debauchery. It is noteworthy that in 1791 about 900 menial servants owed the Company more than 15 years pay.
January 18: Detroit, Michigan, birth (V)-Catherine Dagneau de Quindre died March 15, 1875 Detroit, Michigan, son (IV)-Antoine Dagneau de Quindre seur De Pontchartrain (1751-1814) and Catherine Desrivieres Lamorandiere Trottier (1757-1817); married October 16, 1824 Detroit, Michigan, Pierre Claude Beaubien.
January 21: Michilimackinac, marriage Andre Charleand to Josephe Hamelin.
February: (I)-John Best employee HBC (1773-1803) is at Osnaburgh, complaining that the Indians are only hunting deer and not trapping. This is the same man who said earlier that if the Indians do not bring us venison, God knows what we are to do. (I)- John Best had used the last of his flour for his men and they are are living, almost solely, on meat procured by the Indians.
February 4: Florissant, Missouri, birth (V)-Marie Joseph Hubou, Metis daughter (IV)-Jerome Hubou, Metis b-1728 and (IV)-Catherine Brunet b-1733
February 5: Niagara on the Lake, marriage, Moses and Phoebe, Negro slaves of Mrs. Secy. Jarvis.
April 13: Cahokia, Illinois, birth (III)-Marie Therese Marechal daughter (II)-Antoine Marechal, Metis, b-1754 likely Cahokia, (Illinois) and (IV)- Catherine Tabeau b-1757; married July 12, 1813 Cahokia, Illinois Louis Letourneau..
April 27: (I)-Robert Prescott (1726-1815) is appointed Governor-in-Chief of Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and commander of forces in British North America from April 27, 1797 to July 12, 1796 and to July 25, 1799. He assumed office in 1797 but only spent 3 years in Canada. He was considered a stubborn and hot tempered man.
June: (I)-Donald MacKay (1753-1833), with his Indian wife, another Indian woman to assist him and his two young sons departed for York Factory. Other men refused to accompany him due to his violent disposition, and bad will towards them.
July: (I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) arrived Grand Portage in July and acquired Rene Jusomme as a guide. Rene Jusomme claimed to have lived with the Mandan Indians for some eight years. They departed for the interior in August. The Mandan had few horses at this time, but the Arikaras and Hidatsas had more, with some Hidatsa families having twenty to thirty horses.
July 23: Michilimackinac, marriage Isidore Pelletier to Sophie Soloman.
August 8: Michilimackinac, baptism, Male Baillancourt son Joseph Vailancourt and Marie Elizabeth.
September 19: York Factory, (I)-Donald MacKay (1753-1833), with his Indian wife and his two young sons, arrived but missed the last boat for England. He was forced to winter at York Factory.
Fall: Charles Jean Baptiste Chaboillez (1736-1808) of the N.W.C., at River Salle of the Pembina River, traded with Old Manamine, (The Sucre) an Ojibwa of Red Lake.
October: Vincent Roy establishes a trading post in the Upper Red River of the North for John Sayer Sr. & Company (same post as above?). Vincent continued with the N.W.C. until 1817, in the Fond du Lac District, when he retired. His son, Vincent Roy Jr (1795-1872), who married Lizette (1805-1883), is at Sault Ste Marie.
October 9: Nicolet, marriage Pierre Parant to (IV)-Marguerite Chauvet, Metis, daughter (III)-Pierre Chauvet dit Lagerne, Metis, b-1737 and (IV)-Marie Jeanne Terrien.b-1739.
October 12: Niagara on the Lake, marriage, Cuff Williams and Ann, negroes from Mr. C. McNabb.
October 18: Michilimackinac, baptism, Male LaFramboise, Metis, born 1793 son Sieur Francois LaFramboise and unknown, likely the brother Alexander.
October 18: Michilimackinac, baptism, Female LaFramboise, Metis, born July 1796 daughter Sieur Francois LaFramboise and unknown, likely the brother Alexander.
November 7: Michilimackinac, baptism, a female Savage of the Sauteux Nation born 1780, daughter Inaououoiskamoquoy.
November 19: Michilimackinac, baptism (IV)-Female Laframboise, Metis daughter (III)-Alexis (Alexander) Laframboise Metis (1763-1800) and unknown, I assume child is not by his wife Joseph Adhemar likely Marguerite Sauteuse.
December 2: Red River des Metis Settlement, birth, Jean Baptiste Desjardins, Jr., Metis, son Jean Baptiste Desjardins Sr., and Josette Laserpente; married Marguerite Hamlin, born February 5, 1819, Red River daughter Jacoues Hamlin, b-1771 and Angelique Tourangeau.
METIS HISTORY: Return to METIS 1790-1790 index