METIS HISTORY 1836-1847
METIS HISTORY Return to METIS 1800-1849 index
1833
Joshua Arnois, Ottawa Metis, b-1833 Mackinac son Alexander Arnois, Ottawa Metis and Cornelia Ottawa Metis, listed March 29, 1836 treaty.
Augusta Bazelette, Ojibwa Metis, b-1826, arrived 1833 Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as mother a Menomonie. Augusta bound to the mission.
Michael Bazelette, Ojibwa Metis, arrived 1833 Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as a La Point Indian (mother?)
Albany, birth (III)-James Beads, Metis b-about 1833, baptized November 23, 1838, Red River son (II)-John Beads, Metis, b-1795 Rupert's Land, employed HBC (1814-1838), and Margaret Indian or Metis (1800-1856); married Elizabeth
Christina Beaubien, Ottawa/Ojibwa Metis, b-1833 Mackinac daughter Louis Beaubien Sr., Ojibwa Metis and Ottawa Metis Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Mary M. Beaudreau, Ottawa Metis, b-1815 arrived 1833 Grand River, wife Louis B. Badeau, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Dr. Bell, a rival of the American Fur Company, is at Leech Lake.
Sarah Biddle, Ottawa Metis, b-September 1833 Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as a child of E. Biddle and therefore excluded.
(II)-Angelique Black, Metis, b-1833 B.C. daughter (I)-Sqamual (Samuel) Black, b-1780 Scotland killed 1841 and a Native woman
Reme Bouchard, Ottawa Metis, b-1833 Mackinac son Eli Bouchard, Ottawa Metis and Josette Ottawa Metis, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Jean Marie Boucher (Bouche) (1797-1870) see notes below. I have no record of Garneau's in York Factory, they were located in Red River and Pembina and Boucher didn't retire to Red River until 1836. He was a carpenter and laborer at York Factory (1828-1836) and not likely to have traveled to Red River during this period.
Marie Louise Garneau, Metis, born about 1813, daughter of a North West Company man married about 1833 Red River Jean Marie Boucher born 1801 Berthier, Quebec died December 16, 1870. (Source Charles D. Denney papers) HBC records say Jean Marie Boucher (Bouche), Metis (1797-1870) employed HBC (1820-1821), employed HBC (1821-1836) 1st marriage before 1832 York Factory' 2nd marriage about 1832 York Factory, Catherine Mincey (Mincey), Metis, (1814-1869)
RECORDED CHILDREN:
Isidore Boucher, Metis (1833-1838)
Jean Baptiste Boucher, Metis (1838-1911)
Louis Boucher, Metis b-1841
Joseph Boucher, Metis b-1846
Hilaire Boucher, Metis b-1849
Angelick Boadwine Ojibwa Metis, b-1798, arrived 1833 St. Ignace wife Joseph Beaudwin, Ojibwa Metis, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Joseph Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1824, arrived 1833 St. Ignace son Joseph Beaudwin, Ojibwa Metis and Angelick Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1798, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Isabella Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1825, arrived 1833 St. Ignace daughter Joseph Beaudwin, Ojibwa Metis and Angelick Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1798, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Mary Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1827, arrived 1833 St. Ignace daughter Joseph Beaudwin, Ojibwa Metis and Angelick Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1798, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Margaritte Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1829, arrived 1833 St. Ignace daughter Joseph Beaudwin, Ojibwa Metis and Angelick Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1798, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Madaline Campbell, Metis born about 1833 Upper Mississippi District daughter Duncan Campbell born 1802 and Dakota woman; married Philo Stone
Therese Campbell, Metis born about 1833/35 died before 1855 Upper Mississippi District son Duncan Campbell born 1802 and Dakota woman.
Francois Champagne, Ojibwa Metis, b-1806, arrived 1833 St. Ignace, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected the chief Chebuyowbaas says there is no relation.
James Chapman, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833 Mackinac, son Bela Chapman Sr. and Mary Chapman Ojibwa Metis b-1806, listed March 28, 1836, treaty.
Christopher Houstan "Kit" Carson (1809-1868) sold furs at Fort Iinta, Utaha this year.
Angelique Cheveaux, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833 Mackinac daughter Joseph Cheveaux and Mary Cheveaux, Ojibwa, b-1801 listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected, Of Mississippi origin. [ ] say they are from Font du Lac.
William Cockran, an Anglican minister, established Peters Indian Industrial School at Sugar Point, north of the Red River Settlement. The Hudson Bay Company is not pleased, as agriculture could led the Indian away from the fur trade. Of the1,000 sheep bought in Kentucky, only two hundred and six arrived at Red River; the rest having died on the way. Red River's population is listed as 2,985 people. Some French-Canadian Metis, upon retirement from the Hudson Bay Company, went to Willamette Valley, Oregon Territory to take up farming.
Edward Cowles, Ojibwa Metis, b-1816, arrived 1833 Mt. Oberlin, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected lives out of district.
Angelique Dauphiny, Ojibwa Metis, b-1823, arrived 1833 Mackinac, daughter Francois Dauphiny, and Josette Ojibwa Metis, b-1800, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as from Leech Lake Indians.
Jane Debow born 1828 Batavia, New York is kidnapped in 1833 at age 5 years by missionaries and spirited west to Mdewakanton, Dakota near Fort Snelling. Jane Debow married 1849 Gibbs Heman in Illinois.
John Baptiste Desnoyer, Ojibwa Metis, b-1818, arrived 1833 On the Lakes, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected lives at Black River out of district.
Joseph Despard and wife Lisette Chinook (1808-1851) settled French Prairie, Oregon Territoru
James Douglas (1803-1877) a mixed blood (Scottish and a colored woman) is named Chief Trader of Fort Vancouver and again in 1839.
Mary Edwards, Ojibwa Metis b-1833 Saulte Ste Marie daughter Thomas Edwards Metis and Mary Ann Edwards Ojibwa Metis b-1804, listed March 28, 1936 treaty.
Andrei Glazunov d-1846 a Russian-Aleut is assigned to St. Michael, Norton Sound, south Seward Peninsula, Alaska. He explored inland following the Anvik River to the Yukon River and crossed to the Kuskokwin River. He established the Russian Mission of Ikogmiut on the Yukon River.
Francis Graham, Ottawa Metis, b-1833 St. Ignace son John Graham and Ottawa woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Anthony Gravereat, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833 Mackinac, son Henry Gravereat and Charlotte Ojibwa Metis b-1790, listed March 28, 1836.
Eastmain birth (II)-Mary F Hardesty, b-1833, Metis daughter (I)-Richard Hardisty (1792-1865) employed HBC (1817-1861) and (II)-Margaret Sutherland, Metis (1802-1876); married 1851 Joseph McPherson.
Nancy Hubert, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833 St. Ignace daughter Jack Hubert, Ojibwa Metis and Ojibwa Metis Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Oxford House birth (II)-James F. Isister Metis (1833-1915) son (I)-John Isibister (1796-1883+) and (II)-Frances (Fanny) Sinclair Metis b-1813/18, joined HBC (1853-1870) Norway House, Saskatchewan Jackfish Falls & Fort Carton (1859-1860), then Cumberland, on and off as a freeman. He retired to North Saskatchewan River 1871 to farm. At Prince Albert in 1883 to bring Louis Riel back to Canada but he was not involved in 1885. He had 16 Metis children of which 9 children survived past 1915. .
Angelique Jellee, Ojibwa Metis, b-1817, arrived 1833 Mackinac, daughter Joseph & Angelique Boadwine Ojibwa Metis b-1798 and wife Bazil Jellee
The Theon Stone was found by Louis and Ivan Theon, in 1887, at the base of Lookout Mountain east side of Spearfish, South Dakota in the Black Hills. It records in 1834 the fait of six Missourians gold seekers: “came to these hills in 1833 seven of us all dead but me, Ezara Kind, DeLacompt, Ezra Kind, G.W Wood, T. Brown, R. Kent, Wm King, and Indian Crow. Killed by Indians beyond the high hill got our gold June 1834.” On the reverse of the stone is written “got all of the gold we could carry our ponies all got by Indians I have lost my gun and nothing to eat and Indians hunting me. Five of the men listed were known to have gone west in the 1830's and were never heard from again. However R. Kent had sent a letter back east saying that he had "found all the gold he wanted" and would be heading home soon.
Sarah King, Ojibwa Metis, b-1816, arrived 1835 Mackinac, wife David W. King, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Sault Ste Marie, birth Margaret Lacoy, Metis daughter Isadore Lacoy and Northern Indian woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected for Ojibwa treaty.
Louis Leblanc Metis joined HBC (1833-1855) assigned Indiana, birth Thomas Wapasepah Lafontaine Metis son Francois Topeah Lafontaine b-1810 and Catherine Pocongoqliah Richardville (1812-1850) Metis
William Lasley, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833, Mackinac, son Samuel Lasley Jr. and his squaw (Iskwao) wife, who is sister to Shaw-en-e-ge-sick, chief of the Bay de Noque Band, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. (Squaw is a very insulting English word.)
Mary La Sieur, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833, Mackinac, daughter of Edward La Sieur and Angelique P. La Sieur, Ojibwa Metis, b-1808, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Wife is sister to Catherine St. Onge, Ojibwa Metis b-1810.
William Lawrence, Ojibwa Metis, b-1825, arrived 1833 St. Ignace son Col. Lawrence, Metis and Ojibwa Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Charles La Croix, Ottawa Metis, b-1833, Mackinac, son Francois La Croix, Ottawa Metis b-1802, and Margaritta Ottawa Metis, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Amable Le Cuyer, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833, Mackinac, daughter Joseph Le Cuyer, and Ojibwa Metia Woman b-1806, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Paul Lese, Metis, b-1833 Sault Ste Marie son Antoine Lese and Indian woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as origin from Lac du Flambeau.
Catherine Lore, Ojibwa Metis b-1832, arrived 1833 Mackinac daughter Charles Lore, Ojibwa Metis, b-1830, and relatives of Whaiskey he says, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
(III)-Letita McKay, Metis b-1833 daughter (II)-John Richards McKayMetis, (1792-1877) and Harriet Ballenden (1795/1800-1854):
Jean Baptiste Morand Metis b-1833 likely Red River joined HBC (1853-1857) assigned New Caledonia
Christeen Nontoit, Ottawa Metis, b-1833 Grand River, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Daniel Paladien, Ojibwa Metis, b-1803, arrived 1833 Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected lived in Green Bay till June 1836.
Basil (Bazil) Plante (1796-1833) drown in the Winnipeg River leaving a Native wife of Lower Canada and five children (3 sons & 2 daughters). John Baptiste Martin, Ottawa/Ojibwa Metis, b-1833, St. Ignace, son Louis Martin, Ojibwa Metis and Ottawa Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Charlotte Martin, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833 St. Ignace daughter Solomon Martin, and daughter of a Beaver Island Squaw (iskwao), listed March 28, 1836 treaty. (Squaw is a very insulting English word.)
Sault Ste. Marie, birth, Charles Mero, Ojibwa Metis, son Louis Mero and Calento Mero (Meron), Ojibwa Metis, b-1810, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Antoine Martin, Ojibwa Metis, b-1791, arrived 1833 St. Ignace, son of an Ojobwa Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
York Factory, birth (II)-Robert Miles, Metis son (I)-Robert Seaborn Miles Sr. (1795-1870) to (II)-Elizabeth (Betsey) Sinclair, Metis (1805-1878)
Touissant Morris, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833 Sault Ste Marie son Nicolas Morris, Pawnee Metis, b-1802 Sault Ste Marie and Josette Morris, Ojibwa Metis b-1803 Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Pierre Parrant (Parant), Metis, born 1777 Sault Ste Marie, lived in Sault Ste Marie, St. Louis and Prairie Du Chein before finally settling this year at Mendota ( St. Paul), Minnesota, originally called Iminijaski meaning white Rock. He settled among the many settlers below Fort Snelling, established 1819. It is not know when Little Canada (St. Paul), Minnesota was established by the Red River Metis settlers, but is likely about 1815. The settlers continued to arrive from the Red River colony over the next twenty years. Adverse weather and the fur wars drove many Metis from Red River.
Louis Poissen, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833 Sault Ste Marie daughter Louis Poisson of Red River and Josette Poissen, Ojibwa Metis b-1814, arrived 1822 Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as not of Michigan.
Aitkin Racette Jr., Ottawa Metis, b-1833 Grand River son Aitkin Racette Sr. and a pure Ottawa squaw (iskwao), listed March 28, 1836 treaty. (Squaw is a very insulting English word.)
Madeline Robinson, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833 St. Ignace, daughter, Francis Robertson, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Grand child of the chief at Iroquois Point.
John Simpson Metis b-1833 son Thomas Simpson and Jane (Sutherlamd?) joined HBC (1849-1872) married 1855 Catherine Robillard likely daughter Pierre Robillard (1797-1873) and Margaret (1800-1937) Zaophile St. Onge, Ojibwa Metis, b-1833, Mackinac, son Lewis St. Onge and Catherine Ojibwa Metis b-1810. listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
(I)-David Thompson (1770-1857) built Bow Fort 47 miles west of Calgary on the Morley Reserve on a 115 foot high bluff.
Roselle Trotier, Ottawa Metis, b-1833 St. Ignace daughter Francois Trotier, Metis and Ottawa Metis Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Joseph Reddeford Walker blazed a trail across the Great Basin of Utah and Nevada to California. Joe Meek b-1810 joined this expedition.
Charles Bent and Ceran Saint Vrain built an adobe fort on the Arkansas River, Colorado to trade with the Cheyenne, Arapaho and other Peoples. At this time it was on the boundary with Mexico.
Reverend Peter Jones Kahkewaquonaby, a Metis and son of Augustus Jones and a Mississauga Indian (the father later legally married an Iroquois Indian), married on September 8, 1833 New York Eliza Field from a wealthy English family. White English women did not marry Indians, even Christian civilized men like Peter Jones. Family and friends had expressed strong opposition to the union. White English men lived with Indian women but they did not marry them. The Jones were the talk of Credit River Valley, most said it wouldn't last. Eliza wrote in 1834 that my husband excites much unpleasant curiosity. His brother Peter Jones and wife Christine Brant, the granddaughter of Joseph Brant, became Eliza's closest friend. Peter and Eliza had five sons.
Upper Canada was considered by the Metis to be culturally deprived: A gentleman is defined as someone who could afford to get drunk regularly, a teetotaller was irrevocably middle-class. You could be jailed for being a runaway apprentice, even though your master, who virtually owned you during your term of apprenticeship, had beaten and starved you. You could be prosecuted for helping or harboring either a deserter , a runaway apprentice, servant or slave. You could be jailed for a debt, even a trifling one or five shillings. Paupers were auctioned off for cheap slave labor and could be worked to death. Orphans were also auctioned off in this manner and many became sexual slaves to their master. Orphanages were not established in Upper Canada until 1834. If you were arrested on suspicion and could not raise bail, you could be held for trial for 6 months to a year. Women, children as young as eight, and men were imprisoned in the same quarters. You might be shackled, chained or manacled. For petty theft you could be branded and/or whipped, lashed or flogged. Women were stripped to the waist, much to the delight of the perverted English. Some were pilloried and the sadists and self-righteous amused themselves by throwing rotten eggs, mud, vegetables and rocks while you were whipped from behind to keep you facing the front. More serious offences resulted in banishment or hanging. This was considered as civilization to be imposed on others.
The Hudson Bay Council of the Northern Department ordered the Saskatchewan District to produce 600 bags of pemmican yearly.
The brothers William and Charles Bent with Ceran St. Urain all from Mexico, built Old Fort Bent on the Arkansas River on the Sante Fe Trail in southern Mexico Territory (Colorado). This fort operated (1833-1849) then it was confiscated by the invading USA army in the war of (1846-1848) with Mexico. William Bent married three women, 1st. a Cheyenne Owl Woman, 2hd her sister Cheyenne Yellow Woman and 3rd a Blackfoor Metis Standing Out Woman.
March 24: Red River, baptism, (II)-Nancy Foulds, Metis died June 8, 1851, daughter (I)-John Foulds (1798-1868) employed HBC (1821-1825) mostly Fort Gary, Red River, and (II)-Mary Fidler, Metis born after 1805 (maybe 1811?) June 1: Red River, baptism (III)-James Birston, Metis son (II)-Alexander Birston, Metis (1805-1869) son (I)-Alexander Birston, Orkney, (1774-1829) and Indian Woman; married 1st April 7, 1831, Red River Sally Budd (1806-1833); married 2nd Betsy Atkinson d-1839; June 24: Chippewa County, Michigan marriage Joseph Bisbois to Chewabegoqua.
August 2: Oxford House, baptism (II)-Albert Lewes, Metis son (I)-John Lee Lewes (1792-1872) and Francoise (Frances) Ballenden, Metis (1790-1800)
August 2: Oxford House, baptism (II)-Frederic Lewes, Metis son (I)-John Lee Lewes (1792-1872) and Francoise (Frances) Ballenden, Metis (1790-1800)
August 28, birth Mary Rosalin Smith, listed white, died December 27, 1908 Sault Ste Marie, Michigan
September 26: Chicago, in the state of Illinois, a Treaty with the United Nation of Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatamie Indians.
Special annuity included:
Billy Cadwell $400/year Christopher Houstan "Kit" Carson (1809-1868) stated he ran into (VI)-Antoine Robidoux (1794-1860) in the Unita basin, Utah. Antoine had previously taken out Mexican citizenship to further his trade.
September 27: Chicago, in the state of Illinois, a supplementary to the Treaty with the United Nation of Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatamie Indians dated September 26, 1833.
February 7: Oxford House, birth (II)-James Isbister, Metis baptized July 17, 1842 Red River, son (I)-John Isbister aka Isbester (1796-1883) and Frances (Fanny) (Essessepow) Sinclair Metis or Indian, b-1813
Between 1833 and 1836 a mysterious disease hit York Factory. 32 individuals contracted the disease and 3 died from convulsions and stupor. We have to remember the fort population averaged 30 men., a few women and children. A medical practitioner arrived to check out the situation and contracted the disease. He said "some of them to be sure looked more like ghosts than men". The fact that the disease reoccurred in previously infected is strange. It just disappeared in 1836. The three dead were John Dunnet, Thorn and Bisson. Five were severely stricken, Robert Miles, chief trader, James Hargrave a chief trader and John Ballendon, Butcher and Mckenzie. Mckenzie lost 70 lbs and was so inflected he could not put hand to mouth. Hargrove and Ballendon suffered for two seasons.
1834
Samuel Ashman, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834, Sault Ste Marie son Samual Ashman, Mo-ga-son-a-qua of St. Marie, mother is his cousin, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Mary Beaubien, Ottawa/Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 Mackinac daughter Louis Beaubien Sr., Ojibwa Metis and Ottawa Metis Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Angelique Benois, Ojibwa Metis, b-1828, arrived 1834 Mackinac son of Benois a Metis, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as mother a La Point Indian.
Pierre Besonyon of Grand Isle listed 4 people as his wife, and all arrived Grand Isle in 1834, namely Julian Peiladau, Ojibwa Metis b-1824, Charlotte Peiladau Ojibwa Metis, b-1806, Julia Peiladau Ojibwa Metis, b-1827 and Joseph? Peiladau, Ojibwa Metis b-1829. listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Notation on all entries reads "wife and children of Pierre Bensonyon."
Pauline Boureseau, Ottawa Metis, b-1834 Mackinac, daughter Louis Boureseau Sr. but not living with him, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Joseph Bouvier Metis (1817/23-1877) from Red River or English River (NW Saskatchewan) son Jean Baptiste Bouvier Sr.(1784-1838) and Maeguerite Laraute, Metis both of English River; married likely 1838/39, before being assigned to Mackenzie River, Catherine Beaulieu, Metis, daughter of likely Francois Beaulieu (1771-1872) and Indian or Metis Woman. Joseph was employed HBC at English River (1834-1836) and Mackenzie River (1839-1877); recorded children likely all born Mackenzie River District.include: Upper Mississippi District, birth John S. Campbell, Metis died 1865 son Scott Campbell, Metis (1790's-1851) and Dakota woman; married Marguerite Lize.
Gustang Cadotte, Ojibwa Metis, b-1813, arrived 1834 Black River, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected lives out of district.
Isaac Cadotte, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 Sault Ste Marie son Louis Cadotte, Ojibwa Metis b-1806 Sault Ste Marie and Lucy Cadotte, Ojibwa Metis b-1814 La Pointe, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Henry Campbell, Ojibwa Metis, born 1834 Mackinac son John Campbell, Ojibwa Metis and White Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Lacotte Cantwa, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 son Alphonse Cantwa, Pawnee Metis, b-1786 Saulte Ste Marie and Ojibwa Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
(II)-Alexander Christie Metis Jr. b-1818 Rupert's House son (I)-Alexander Christe Sr. (1783-1872) and Ann Thomas Metis employed HBC (1834-1837) Lachine
Alexander Dauphiny, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834, Mackinac, son Francois Dauphiny, and Josette Ojibwa Metis, b-1800, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as from Leech Lake Indians.
Vesinique Ducamp, Ottawa Metis b-1834 Grand River, sister of Louis Boureseau Ottawa Metis b-1812, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
David Duvernay, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 Grand River son Pierre Duverney and Ottawa Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Louis Durverney, Ottawa Metis b-1834 Grand River, son Mary Duvernay, Ottawa Metis, b-1816 Grand River, sister to Louis Boureseau Ottawa Metis b-1812, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Pierre Enos, Ottawa/Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 Moskego son James Enos, and Sophia Enos, Ottawa/Ojibwa Metis, b-1818, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Child Felix, Ojibwa Metis, b-1829, arrived 1834 Grand River, child Dennis Felix and his squaw (iskwao) of Ste Maries, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. (Squaw is a very insulting English word.)
Red River, baptism, (III)-Lethy Fidler, Metis daughter (II)-Charles Fidler, Metis b-1798 and Ann Saunders Sanderson, Metis, b-1801
Mary Ann Fisher, Ottawa Metis, b-1790, arrived 1834 Grand River, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as daughter of Therese Chandler who received under the treaty of Chicago.
Moose Factory, birth (II)-Henry Gladman, Metis (1834-1912) son (II)-George Gladman Jr. Metis (1800-1863) employed HBC (1814-1853) and (II)-Harriet Vincent, Metis b-1798, epouse 1810, David Ramsey Stewart: married Melissa Rientord
Mary Lyon Grant, Ojibwa Metis, b-1829, arrived 1834 Mackinac, daughter of Grant a Metis, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as she claimed full Indian treaty although she is 3/4 Metis.
Mary Jane Gravereat, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 Mackinac, daughter Henry Gravereat and Charlotte Ojibwa Metis b-1790, listed March 28, 1836.
Pierre Gronda Jr. b-1834 St. Ignace son Pierre Gronda Sr. Ojibwa Metis and Ojibwa Metis Woman, b-1817, arrived 1826 St. Ignace listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Peter Gruet, Ottawa Metis, b-1815, arrived 1834 Saginaw, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as lives out of district.
Charles Hubert, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 St. Ignace son Jack Hubert, Ojibwa Metis and Ojibwa Metis Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
William Johnston, Ojibwa Metis, b-1813, arrived 1834 Mackinac, son Susan Ojibwa and brother to George Johnston b-1796 Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
John T. Jones, Ojibwa Metis, b-1808, arrived 1834 Grand River son Jones and Ojibwa Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Alexander La Butte, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 St. Ignace son La Butte, Ojibwa Metis and Ojibwa Metis woman, b-1815 St. Ignace, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Father Metis 1/2 breed, mother Ojibwa Indian.
Margaretta Lapelle, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834, Mackinac, daughter Louis Lapelle, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Louis lives at La Point in winter, comes into district and spends his summers. This is his home.
Charles Larance, Metis, b-1834, died July 2, 1872 Pembina, North Dakota, son Bazil Larence b-1789/95 and Agathe Michel L'Iroquoise; married Marie Anbichon
Mary Ann Lasaw, Ojibwa Metis, b-1821, arrived 1834 Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as Whiskey says they are not relatives to these Indians. Catherine Lasaw, Ojibwa Metis, b-1824, arrived 1834 Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as Whiskey says they are not relatives to these Indians. Assiniboia, birth (II)-Barbara Logan, Metis daughter (I)-Robert Logan employed NWC (1801-1814) Sault Ste Marie and Mary Saulteaux Indian woman d-1838: married Edmund Lorenzo Barber
William Lozon, Ottawa Metis, b-1834 Mackinac, son Joseph Lozon, Ottawa Metis, and Nancy Ottawa Metis, b-1806, Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Sophia Mitchell, Ojibwa Metis b-1834 Mackinac, daughter William Mitchell Ojibwa Metis b-1803, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Family lives in Mickinac. Went to Green Bay on business last fall (1835) and returned this spring (1836). Put on this list at the request of a council of chiefs. (II)-Peter Moar Metis d-1900 son (I)-Andrew Moar (1764-1767) and Indian/Metis woman, joined HBC (1834-1892) Rupert's River, married Nancy Alder Verlina Paspater, Ottawa Metis, b-1817, arrived 1834 Grand River, sister Emily B. Smith Ottawa Metis b-1814, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Sarah Shaw, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 Sault Ste Marie daughter Thomas Shaw b-1803 Sault Ste Marie a near relative of the chief Ste. Marie and Mary Shaw, Ojibwa Metis b-1806, arrived 1821 Sault Ste Marie, related to one of the sub-chiefs, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Henry H. Sibley arrived at St. Peters (Mendota), located not far from St. Paul, for the American Fur Company. His post was at the terminus for the Red River Cart trains of 50-100 carts. These carts are out of the Red River to the north. Within the next 15 years, 500 Red River carts were being employed.
Giles B. Slocum paddled a canoe down the Grand River, Michigan from Jackson to Grand Rapids.
Jean Baptiste Spence aka We-tcha-mash, Metis b-1807 Cumberland House, died April 28, 1889, Dauphin area son Spence an Orkneyman and Tche-tchit a Swampee Indian woman; married 1834, Baie St. Paul (by St, Francois Xavier) Marie Roulette aka Matche-Kameko (Matwewenin), Metis born 1816, Red River, died 1864 a daughter Joseph Roulette aka Mettwaywemin, Metis and Marie Tepe-Nawa-banook an Indian woman. Source Ida A. Spence
Angelique Terrien, Ottawa Metis, b-1834 St. Ignace, daughter Isaac Terrien and Ottawa Woman (Angelique), this is second husband, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Nancy Tramblee, Ojibwa Metis, b-1796 arrived 1834 St. Ignace daughter John Tramblee and Ojibwa Woman, listed March 28, 1836. A relative of a Chief's wife.
Isabella Trodell, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as an illegitimate child of an Ojibwa woman and is included on Indian list.
Red River birth (II)-Mary Wishart, Metis, daughter (I)-Thomas Wishart b-1797 Scotland and Barbara Spence Metis; married August 7, 1857, Red River (IV)-John McNab son (III)-John McNab.
Upper Mississippi District: Scott Campbell, Metis (1790's-1851), who married a Dakota woman, is Indian Agent Taliaferro's Dakota interpreter at Fort Snelling. It is said he interpreted what he thought the person should say rather than what was actually said.
John Baptiste Gothier, Metis b-1829, arrived 1834 Sault Ste Marie son Joseph Gothier, Metis of Chippewa River, and Indian woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected for Ojibwa treaty.
Roselette Martin, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 St. Ignace daughter Charles Martin, Ojibwa Metis b-1803 and Ojibwa Woman. listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Marie Martin, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834 St. Ignace daughter Solomon Martin, and daughter of a Beaver Island Squaw (iskwao), listed March 28, 1836 treaty. (Squaw is a very insulting English word.)
Taos Abode: Birth Antonia Williams, Metis, son William Sherley Williams (1787-1849) and Antonia mexican.
Catherine Troteschand, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834, Mackinac daughter Jean Baptiste Troteschand, Metis, and Ojibwa Metis Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Nancy Troteschand, Metis, living Mackinac, daughter Jean Baptiste Troteschand, Metis, and unknown Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected origin not known.
Catherine Vincencount, Ojibwa Metis, b-1813, arrived 1834 St. Ignace, wife Henry Vincencount, Jr. Metis, and Ojibwa Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Catherine Vincencount, Ojibwa Metis, b-1834, St. Ignace, daughter Henry Vincencount, Jr.Metis , and Catherine Vincencourt, Ojibwa Metis, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Trader Nathaniel Wyeth helped define the Oregon Trail by his second transcontinental journey this year.
This year the Red River Colony reverted back to the Hudson Bay Company from the Selkirk family. Father Belcourt recorded that the Indians regarded themselves as the rightful owners of the lands and that the whites were trying to dispossess them. Some believe the American trading period ended about this time and had little impact in Canada. Ramsey Crooks replaced John Jacob Astor as president of the American Fur Company. Ramsey Crooks maintained two outfits; one at LaPoint and one at Sault Ste. Marie. He moved the headquarters from Michilimackinac to LaPointe. Henry H. Sibley is appointed representative of the American Fur Company at Medota, Minnesota. He would later take a position at Fort Ridgely. The population of Michigan is 87,278. Mackinac had a population of 891 and the Chippewa numbered 526. The slaughter of the bison (buffalo) during the next generation, by the Mackinaw, American, Missouri and South West Companies, would have a profound impact on Canada. York, with a population of ten thousand, incorporated itself as a city under the old Indian name of Toronto. An attack by the Gros Ventres forced Bellecourt to relocate his settlement closer to Red River.
In 1834, Richard Hardisty established the Hudson Bay Company on Lake Temagami. This post is continuously opening and closing. When the post is closed, the Metis free traders would move in and force the Hudson Bay Company to return. Red River population is 3,366 people.
Nathaniel J. Wyeth, an Englishman, builds Fort Hall, Idaho on the Snake River near the mouth of the Portneuf River after the Rocky Mountain Fur Company reneged on an agreement to buy trade goods he had transported to the Green River trapper rendezvous.
Hudson Bay Company builds Fort Boise near the mouth of the Boise River, Idaho.
Fort Hall was built by William Subiette and Robert Campbell in 1834 on the banks of the Snake river in Idaho.
The town of York with a population of 9,000 became known as Toronto this year.
La Point Wisconsin is made the inland headquarters of the American Fur Company.
Fur traders William Sublette and Robert Campbell built Fort William at the junction of the Laramie and North Platte Rivers.
January 28: Red River, baptism (III)-George Gunn, Metis son (II)-William Gunn, Metis (1822-1842) son (I)-Donald Gunn (1797-1878) employed HBC (1813-1822) out of York Factory; married a half-breed woman before 1821 York Factory and 2nd marriage January 17, 1826, Image Plains, (III)-Margaret Swain, Metis, daughter (II)-James Swain, Metis (1799-1887) and Margaret Racette. April 20: Red River, baptism, (II)-Catherine Foulds, Metis, daughter, (I)-Samuel Foulds (Folds, Foldes) (1803-1870) to Nancy (Ann & Anne) Calder, Metis (1803-1896); married March 31, 1853, James Forbister
June 17; Red River baptism/birth (III)-Sally Whitford, Metis daughter (II)-James Whitford, Jr. Metis and Mary Spence;
July 1: Red River baptism, (III)-Samual Daniel, Metis, died August 20, 1834, Red River, son (II)-Griffiths (Griffith) Daniel, Metis, (183/90-1869) employed HBC (1800-1830) and Mary Indian, died June 17, 1837, Red River
August 15: Sault Saint Marie, birth Hyacinthe Davieaux, Metis, died April 9, 1910, the son Hyacinthe Davieaux b-1805 married Charlotte Misay, likely Sault Saint Marie after 1830 a first marriage 1829 to Piquette or Josette Pellerin, likely Sault Ste Marie; married June 25, 1855 Louise Cadreau, daughter Thomas Cadreau (Cadran) and Isabelle Clermont. He became the lighthouse keeper on Michipicoten Island, then his son Charles took over. The Island across from Michipicoten harbour was named Davieaux Island in honor of the first lighthouse keepers, Charles, and his father. Thomas and Isabelle Cadreau are listed as Indian in the 1861 census of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. source Monique Daviau. and Rhonda
September 21: Red River baptism (II)-Betsy Lillie & William Lillie, Metis born (1820-1833) likely Moose Factory children (I)-Daniel Lillie aka (Lilley, Lilly & Lily) employed HBC (1820-1834) he married Moose Factory one or more Indian women
October: St. Ignace, Michigan, birth Louison Gronada, Ojibwa Metis son Pierre Gronda Sr. Ojibwa Metis and Ojibwa Metis Woman, b-1817, arrived 1826 St. Ignace listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
October 1: Red River, baptism (II)-Thomas Leith, Metis son (I)-William Leith, b-1784 of HBC (1820-1821) to (II)-Elizabeth Spence, Metis.
November 25: Red River, baptism (III)-James Swain, Metis son (II)-James Swain Jr. Metis (1799-1887) and Margaret Racette son (I)-James Swain Sr. b-1775 and native woman
December 26: Red River, baptism (II)-Charles Firth, Metis son (I)-Thomas Firth b-1796/99 to Elizabeth a native woman
December 26: Red River, baptism (II)-Elizabeth Firth, Metis daughter (I)-Thomas Firth b-1796/99 to Elizabeth a native woman: married May 25, 1848 John Corrigal
December 26: Red River, baptism (II)-William Firth, Metis died April 15, 1842 son (I)-Thomas Firth b-1796/99 to Elizabeth a native woman
1835
Isaac Arnois, Ottawa Metis, b-1835 Mackinac son Alexander Arnois, Ottawa Metis and Cornelia Ottawa Metis, listed March 29, 1836 treaty.
Joseph. Badeau, Ottawa Metis, b-June 1835 Grand River, son Louis B. Badeau and Mary M. Ottawa Woman, b-1815, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
James Smith Barry, Ojibwa Metis b-1835 Sault Ste Marie son George Barry and Ojibwa woman, listed March 28, 1836, treaty.
Susan Bennet, Metis lives Lake Superior, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected lives outside district.
George Berkhart, Ojibwa Metis, b-1804, arrived 1835 Mackinac son John Holliday, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Retired Chief Factor (I)-James Bird (1773-1856), possible son James Bird and Elizabeth Curtis, purchased a wife Mary Kelly Lowman (1801-1873), from the Mission School at Red River who, it was said, paid 'full value' for his 'conquest', 3000£, which was considered reasonable considering his age, upwards of sixty two. The child (age 35?) was likely in her mid teens. It is noteworthy that he ignored his Metis children from his first marriage at Cumberland House to Elizabeth Oo-menahomisk. It also is noteworthy that he gave the surname Curtis to some of these children. His last marriage produced three children, (II)-Curtis James Bird, Metis (1837-1876), (II)-Elizabeth Margaret Bird, Metis b-1840 and (II)-Harriet Isabella Bird, Metis b-1842. It's a bit more complicated than this, 1st marriage unnamed Indian woman York Factory producing at least 10 children (could be two women?) mostly at Edmonton House; 2nd marriage 1818 likely Carlton House, Elizabeth Oo-menahomisk who produced six children; Mary Kelly Lowman (1801-1873) is the 3rd maybe 4th wife who produced 3 children. Unlike other Chief Factors and Chief District Officers (I)-James Bird appears to have respected his country marriages. He churched Elizabeth Oo-menahomisk (Montour) (1789-1834) at Red River March 30, 1821 and he doesn't appear to marry children.
Pierre Lapendoux Blanche b-1835 North West employed HBC (1848-1853) Columbia District son Jacques Lapendoux Blanche d-1846 employed HBC (1844-1846 Columbia District.
Catherine Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1835, St. Ignace daughter Joseph Beaudwin, Ojibwa Metis and Angelick Boadwine, Ojibwa Metis, b-1798, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
John Baptiste Boureseau, Ottawa Metis, b-1817, arrived 1835 Grand River, son Louis Boureseau but does not live with him, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
David Bousha, Ojibwa Metis, b-August, 1835 St Ignace son Pierre Bousha, and Susan Bousha, Ojibwa Metis b-1811, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Jean Baptiste Boyer, b-1835, Rainy Lake, N.W. son Jean Baptiste Boyer, b-1807, Quebec and Emilee Aubuchon, born February, 1827 N.W.
John D.S. Cameron, Ojibwa Metis b-1835 Sault Ste Marie, son Rev. James D. Cameron, Metis and Ojibwa Woman, listed March 28, 1836, treaty. Listing says John is 3/4 Metis which suggests James is Metis.
Claud Carboneau, from St. Ignace is listed March 28, 1836 Treaty. Rejected as no claim was presented for him.
Alexander Carpentier, Jean Baptiste Corbin, Seraphin LaCombre and Michels Cadotte Jr. and Sr. are permanent residents who had to travel to Sault Ste. Marie to practice their religion. They were likely responsible for requesting a priest for their area. The Metis and Ojibwa had banned the Black Robes from Lake Superior for the past 200 years.
Lewis Chabeau, Ottawa Metis, b-1835, Mackinac son , Louis Chebeau, Ottawa Metis and Elizabeth Chebeau, Ottawa Metis, b-1806 Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
John Chapman, Ojibwa Metis, b-1835 Mackinac, son Bela Chapman Sr. and Mary Chapman Ojibwa Metis b-1806, listed March 28, 1836, treaty.
Oxford House, Island Lake, District, birth (II)-Mary Charles, Metis, daughter (I)-John Charles, b-1784 and (II)-Jane Auld, Metis (1800-1841)
William Contwa, Ojibwa Metis, b-1835 Sault Ste Marie son John Baptiste Contwa, Ojibwa Metis b-1810 Sault Ste Marie and Catherine Contwa b-1814 Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Helen Curtis, Ojibwa Metis b-1819, arrived 1835 Grand River, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as origin unknown.
Isaac Daigo, Metis of Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Mother says she can trace no relationship to these Indians.
Sophia Daigo, Metis of Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Mother says she can trace no relationship to these Indians.
Catherine Ely, Metis lives Lake Superior, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected lives outside district.
James Enos, Ottawa Metis, b-1815, arrived 1835 Moskego, son Enos Metis Man and Ottawa woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Sophia Enos, Ottawa/Ojibwa Metis, b-1818, arrived 1835, Moskego, wife James Enos, and daughter Francis Bailly, Ottawa Metis and Ojibwa woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Red River, baptism, (III)-Alexander Fidler, Metis son (II)-Charles Fidler, Metis b-1798 and Ann Saunders Sanderson, Metis, b-1801.
Gabriel Franchere ran the St. Mary's outfit at Sault Ste Marie until 1838.
George Gesson, Ottawa Metis, b-1821, arrived 1835, Mackinac, son Angelique McGulpin, Ottawa Metis b-1786, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Alison Gibson, Ojibwa Metis, b-1835 Mackinac daughter Robert Gibson, Metis and Electa Gibson, Ojibwa Metis, b-1827, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Polly Gornow (Gornor), Ojibwa Metis b-1835 Sault Ste Marie daughter Louis Gornow (Gornor), Ojibwa Metis b-1790 and Archangel Gornow (Gornor) aka Cadotte, Ojibwa Metis, b-1798, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
James Graham, Ottawa Metis, b-1835 St. Ignace son John Graham and Ottawa woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Island Lake District, birth (II)-Thomas Grieve, Metis son (I)-James Grieve Sr. (1797-1875) Orkney and Metis woman; employed HBC (1860-1876) Island Lake, Norway House
Luc Gagnon, married 1835, likely Oregon Territory Julie Gregoire (1814-1877), both however were born Canada..
(II)-William Isister Metis b-1835 son (I)-John Isibister (1796-1883+) and (II)-Frances (Fanny) Sinclair Metis b-1813/18, joined HBC (1852-1895) Norway House District, York District & back to Norway House District
Rosalie Jeaudrau, Ottawa Metis, b-1835 Mackinac, daughter Michael Jeandrau Sr. and Madeline Ottawa, Metis, listed March 29, 1836 treaty.
Jack La Butte, Ojibwa Metis, b-October 1835 St. Ignace, son La Butte Ojibwa Metis and Ojibwa Metis woman b-1815, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Sault Ste Marie, birth Angelick Lacoy, Metis daughter Isadore Lacoy and Northern Indian woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected for Ojibwa treaty.
Joseph Ladouceur b-1780, wife, 3 sons under 16 and 2 daughters under 15 at Red River
Indiana, birth John Baptiste Lafontaine Metis son Francois Topeah Lafontaine b-1810 and Catherine Pocongoqliah Richardville (1812-1850) Metis
Julia La Sieur, Ojibwa Metis, b-October 1835, Mackinac, daughter of Edward La Sieur and Angelique P. La Sieur, Ojibwa Metis, b-1808, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Wife is sister to Catherine St. Onge, Ojibwa Metis b-1810.
Joseph La Fritie, from Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected no evidence adduced.
Michelle La Croix, Ottawa Metis, b-1835, Mackinac, son Francois La Croix, Ottawa Metis b-1802, and Margaritta Ottawa Metis, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Louis Le Cuyer, Ojibwa Metis, b-1835, Mackinac, son Joseph Le Cuyer, and Ojibwa Metis Woman b-1806, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
John Baptiste Le May, Metis, b-1835 Sault Ste Marie, son John D. Le May and Liset Le May, Metis b-1796, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as descended from Indians of the north end of Lake Superior.
Joseph Lore, Ojibwa Metis b-1835, Mackinac son Charles Lore, Ojibwa Metis, b-1830, and relatives of Whaiskey he says, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Red River, birth Marie Nancy Laviolette, Metis (1835-1863) daughter Charles Laviolette (1795-1867) married Red River, Elizabeth Cree woman, b-1806
(I)-Lowe Loutit (Louttit) (1819-1865), joined HBC (1835-1844) assigned York Factory (1835-1836), Saskatchewan District 1836-1840), Fort Edmonton (1840-1844) retired Red River 1844 Joseph McGulpin, Ottawa Metis, b-1835 Mackinac son David McGulpin and Ottawa Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Angelique McGulpin, Ottawa Metis, b-1786, arrived 1835, Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Husband dead. L'Arbre Croch woman.
William L. McMurray, Ojibwa Metis, b-1835 Mackinac son William McMurray and Charlotte McMurray, Ojibwa Metis, b-1806 Mackinac wife William McMurray, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Admitted by request chief at Ste Marie and of the chiefs in General Council. This suggests Charlotte's mother may not be a Michigan Ojibwa.
Catherine Martin, Ottawa/Ojibwa Metis, b-1835, St. Ignace, daughter Louis Martin, Ojibwa Metis and Ottawa Woman, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
York Factory, birth (II)-Elizabeth Miles, Metis (1825-1861) daughter (I)-Robert Seaborn Miles Sr. (1795-1870) to (II)-Elizabeth (Betsey) Sinclair, Metis (1805-1878): married Robert Crawford d-1923
Henry Monkman Metis b-1835 Red River married Nancy Spence b-1842 Red River 1st or 2nd wife Louisa
John Nichols, Ojibwa Metis, b-1821, arrived 1835, Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836. Rejected as father is of Green Bay. Sophia Oakes, Ojibwa Metis, b-1824, arrived 1835 Grand River, daughter Charles H. Oakes and pure Ojibwa Indian woman from Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Elizabeth Oakes, Ojibwa Metis, b-1825, arrived 1835 Grand River, daughter Charles H. Oakes and pure Ojibwa Indian woman from Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
David Oakes, Ojibwa Metis, b-1829, arrived 1835 Grand River, son Charles H. Oakes and pure Ojibwa Indian woman from Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Joseph Payan, Ottawa Metis, b-1810, arrived September, 1835 Grand River, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Josette Payan, Metis, Lake Superior, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Lives N.W. part of Lake Superior.
Alexis Pettice, Ottawa Metis, b-1835 Grand River, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected on Indian list.
Sault Ste. Marie, birth, Antoine Piquette, Ojibwa Metis, son Charles Piquette, Ojibwa Metis, born 1806 and Marie Ojibwa Metis b-1807, listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
#292 Pond Metis living Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected shows no relationship to these Indians.
#293 Pond Metis living Mackinac, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected shows no relationship to these Indians.
Matthias Robinson, Ojibwa Metis, b-October, 1835 St. Ignace, son Francis Robertson, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Grand child of the chief at Iroquois Point.
Mrs. Augustus Rousseau, Ottawa Metis, b-1801 arrived 1835 Grand River, wife Augustus Rosseau listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Lived out of the district part of last winter. Governed by Mitchell's case. (III)-John Rowand Metis (1812-1865) son (II)-John Rowand (1789-1854) and Louise (LisetteO Umphreville Indian or Metis; is assigned Red River (1835-1836) (I)-William Scott (1815-1874) joined HBC (1835-1845) retired Red River, married (II)-Anne Setter bapt 1824 daughter (I)-Andrew Setter (1779-1870) and Marharet (Peggy) (Spence) Metis b-1824 North West, listed as English half breed in 1870 census, recorded children are: Catherine St. Onge, Ojibwa Metis, b-1835, Mackinac, daughter Lewis St. Onge and Catherine Ojibwa Metis b-1810. listed March 28, 1836 treaty.
Alexis St. Pierre, Ojibwa/Ottawa Metis, b-1813, arrived 1835 Moskego son Pierre St. Pierre Ottawa Metis b-1771 and Ottawa Woman of L'Arbre Croche, listed March 28, 1836 treaty
Pierre St. Pierre, Ottawa Metis, b-1771, arrived 1835 Moskego son Pierre St. Pierre Ottawa Metis b-1771 and Ottawa Woman of L'Arbre Croche, listed March 28, 1836 treaty
Pierre Terdiff, Cree Metis, b-1835 Sault Ste Marie, son Pierre Terdiff and Margaret Terdiff, Cree Metis, b-1799, arrived 1822 Sault Ste Marie, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Rejected as a Cree as reported by John Holiday.
The major communities of Red River are Grand town, Swampy Village and Lower Red River. This year, the rebuilding of Fort Garry is with stone. It is noteworthy that the cattle population of Red River stands at over 3,300 head and horses at 461. Red River carts of 469 and 2,500 acres are under cultivation. The Metis population employed themselves in a diverse manner between the fur trade, the bison (buffalo) hunts, agriculture, fishing, freighting, making maple syrup and as cattlemen.
An estimated 970 Red River carts are counted in the annual bison (buffalo) hunt out of Red River.
Discrimination against Roman Catholics in citizenship and public life was legal somewhere in the United States until this year when the last anti-Catholic law of colonial times was repealed.
Red River, at this time, is usually a reference to a larger region. There is Upper Red River, Lower Red River, White Horse Plains, Red River and some even referred to Pembina, Red River. Later, more refined distinctions, influenced by the Romanists, were added, such as St. Norbert, Red River, St Adolphe a.k.a. Pointe Coupee, Red River and St. Boniface, Red River.
The old Pikes Bay Cemetery, west of LaPointe, is abandon and was relocated to the Greenwood Cemetery in Bayfield. A Cemetery at Buffalo Bay on the Red Cliff Reservation also contains non Indian burials.
Joseph Cadotte born 1835 Red River. North West son Laurent Cadotte (b-1787) and Betsy Thomas (b-1810). Joseph Cadotte would marry about 1860 Red River, North West a Marie Carron born 1841 Red River, North West.
The Metis of Red River, in a petition against the Hudson Bay Company's import duty, said they had already made several trips to the Mississippi, exporting horn cattle, horses, furs and some articles of industry, and bring home cotton goods, groceries, ammunition, tobacco etc.
Joseph Rondeau (Rondo) born 1797 Montreal married to Josephine Boileau, a Kutenai Metis departed Red River for St. Peters (Mendota, Minnesota?) with Gervais, Labissionere, Beaumette and Dufeni.
The American Fur Company launched the schooner 'John Jacob Astor'; a 78 foot 112 ton vessel in Lake Superior. It was lost in 1844 in a gale at Copper Harbour.
Guerin, born 1812 Saint Remi, settled at St. Peter's and worked Traverse Des Sioux near St. Peter, Minnesota.
Sixty families departed Red River colony for the St Paul Colony in Minnesota.
Indian agent Lawrence Taliaferro ordered the Metis settlers from the area surrounding Fort Snelling (St. Paul, Minnesota). They are perceived as threat, as he fears they would side with the Indians if trouble arose. They moved to Fountain Cave, a short distance away, and this infuriated the Indian Agent, so they expanded the fort territory and forced the settlers to again move. The moved to present downtown St. Paul and called it Pig's Eye after Metis trader Pierre Parrent (Parent), born 1777, Saulte Ste Marie. The naming of St. Paul as Pig's Eye is likely a slight, directed at the paranoid personnel of Fort Snelling. Linda Bryan suggests Pig's Eye is a nickname given Pierre Parrant because he had a bad eye. He sold illegal, bad liquor to the Dakota. Someone used Pigs Eye Landing as the steamboat landing and it stuck. The first battle of the US invasion of the Republic of Mexico occurred as the US rebels defeated a Mexican Calvary near Guadalupe River, Texas. These US rebels declared Texas independent from the Republic of Mexico totally ignoring the Mexican sovereignty over the Territory.
The Bank of British North America is established and operated until 1918 when it was absorbed by the Bank of Montreal.
Christopher Houstan "Kit" Carson was born December 29, 1809 and died May 23, 1868, the son of Lindsey Carson and Rebecca Robinson; he married 1835 at a mountain man rendezvous at Green River in S.W. Wyoming. a Waa-Nide meaning Singing Grass, an Arapaho. He fought a duel with Joseph Chouinard over the girl. Carson considered his years as a trapper to be "the happiest days of my life." with Singing Grass.
Red River only had one blacksmith shop this year.
January 8: Oxford House, birth (II)-William Isbister, Metis baptized July 17, 1842 Red River, son (I)-John Isbister aka Isbester (1796-1883) and Frances (Fanny) (Essessepow) Sinclair Metis or Indian, b-1813: married Mary Anne Begg
January 17; Red River, baptism (II)-Mary Brown, Metis, daughter (I)-Henry Brown, b-1799, Orkney and Isabella Slater b-1806, Metis
February 13: Red River, baptism, (II)-Elizabeth Foulds, Metis daughter (I)-John Foulds (1798-1868) employed HBC (1821-1825) mostly Fort Gary, Red River, and (II)-Mary Fidler, Metis born after 1805 (maybe 1811?) April 19: Oxford House, baptism (II)-Emma Lewes, Metis daughter (I)-John Lee Lewes (1792-1872) and Francoise (Frances) Ballenden, Metis (1790-1800)
August 2: Oxford House, baptism (II)-John Lewes, Metis son (I)-John Lee Lewes (1792-1872) and Francoise (Frances) Ballenden, Metis (1790-1800)
June 9: Chief Trader Archibald McDonald of Fort Colvile left four Metis children at the Red River Boarding School, whom he cannot expect to see in less than five years. Chief Trader Francis Heron also placed his children in the Red River Boarding School. Chief Factor William McIntosh, in August, sent two of his children to the School, as his other children were considered too abandoned to be admitted as pupils. In other terms, McIntosh was not prepared to pay for their keep. William McMurray, after whom Fort McMurray is named, and Alexander Kenny Isbister, founder of the Manitoba Isbister Scholarship, were two of the students at the Red River Boarding School.
June 30: Red River baptism, (III)-Fanny Daniel, Metis, daughter (II)-Griffiths (Griffith) Daniel, Metis, (183/90-1869) employed HBC (1800-1830) and Mary Indian, died June 17, 1837, Red River; married January 13, 1851 Thomas Filster.
July: Antoine Trotier, Ottawa Metis, b-1808, arrived 1835 Green Bay, listed March 28, 1836 treaty. Removed to Green Bay in July 1835.
July: Red River Francis Heron married Isabella Chalifoux, then departed for Ireland. Isabella joined him later, but we don't know who took care of his children here or whether he brought some of them with him to Ireland. Source Derrick Conley. Also see June 9 above. July 27: The Catholic missionary, Frederic I Baraga, began St. Joseph Mission at LaPointe on Madeline Island, Ashland County, Wisconsin until 1845. He conducted the first burial service a month later. The marriage and death records are maintained from this point forward. August 2:: Red River baptism (II)-Nancy (Ann), Metis born daughter (I)-Daniel Lillie aka (Lilley, Lilly & Lily) and Indian women
August 23: The Red River community officially complained against the monopoly and oppression of the English Hudson Bay Company. The Council of the Assiniboia is reorganized to reflect the inhabitants of the region. Between 1835 and 1862, ten Metis and Canadian councilors had been appointed. However, only four of these had been free of Hudson Bay Company ties and three of the four had been clerics. In other words, only one represented the majority of the people. The French speaking councilors generally originated from the more mixed population of the White Horse Plain District who had a more diverse livelihood, rather than from the more agricultural restricted and homogeneous population of the Upper Settlement. The two groups did not always see eye to eye, as the White Horse Plains people usually accept and adapt more quickly than the more settled people. The Red River party played the more important role in the resistance movement of 1869-70, in opposition to Canada's unconditional take-over of the Colony of Assiniboia.
November 24: The Texas Devils, a rebel mounted police force is organized to terrorize the Mexicans into giving up their claim to Texas.
November 30: Red River, baptism (II)-Charlotte Firth, Metis daughter (I)-Thomas Firth b-1796/99 to Elizabeth a native woman
December: Madeline Gravereat, Ojibwa Metis, b-1835 Mackinac, daughter Henry Gravereat and Charlotte Ojibwa Metis b-1790, listed March 28, 1836.
December 16: A fire in New York destroyed 674 buildings.
December 31: Red River, Marriage (II)-Alexander Birston, Metis (1805-1869) son (I)-Alexander Birston, Orkney, (1774-1829) and Indian Woman; married 1st April 7, 1831, Red River Sally Budd (1806-1833); married 2nd December 31, 1835, Betsy Atkinson d-1839
1833 Red River
1833-1845 Fort Edmonton
1845-1855 Rocky Mountain House
1855 retired Red River
Archibald McDonald, is in charge of Fort Colville (Colville, Washington) from 1833 to 1844.
John Simpson Metis b-1858
Catherine Jeanne Simpson Metis bapt 1862
William Simpson Metis b-1863
Marguerite Simpson Metis b-1867
Alexander Simpson Metis b-1869
Edward Simpson Metis bapt 1871
Marie Simpson Metis b-1872
Frederic Simpson Metis b-1874
Henry Simpson Metis b-1877
Alexander Robinson $300/year for life
Joseph Lafromboise $200/year
Shabehnay $200/year, for life
Xavier Cardin contracted the disease in February 20, 1835 and died June 10, 1835. Old Omeatchuck's daughter died at North River likely from the same disease that plagued York Factory. Joseph Charles, William Thew and Wiffen were ill of and on for a season of 1836. Charles (Bisson?) the nephew of John Charles died of the disease. Todd was the last to come down with what they now called 'Factory Distemper' they sent him home.
Marguerite Bouvier, Metis,
Joseph Bouvier, Metis,
Jean Baptiste Bouvier, Metis,
Catherine Bouvier, Metis,
Marie Madeleine Bouvier, Metis.
(III)-John George Moar Metis
(III)-Mary Moar Metis married Isaac Hunter
(III)-Elizabeth Moar Metis married John Mark
(III)-Annie Moar Metis married Kenneth McLeod
(III)-Ellen Moar Metis
Thomas as son
(III)-Hatte Moar Metis
(III)-Andrew Thomas Moar Metis
(I)-William Nourse (1794-1855) employed HBC (1817-1848) assigned Sault Ste. Marie, Lake Superior (1834-1841), married (II)-Anne Corrigal, Metis daughter (I)-Jacob Corrigal (1772-1844) and Mary Indian (1788-1823). Recorded children, (II)-Elizabeth Nourse, Metis, II)-Catherine Corrigal, Metis , II)-Mary Corrigal, Metis , II)-Joseph Corrigal, Metis , II)-John Corrigal, Metis , II)-Charles Corrigal, Metis , and (II)-William Corrigal, Metis, (I)-William retired 1851, Cobourg, Ontraio.
1st married 1840 Fort Edmonton Jane Indian/Metis (1817-1857)
(II)-John Lowe Louit Metis b-1841 Fort Edmonton married 1867 Nancy Harper b-1845, daughter James Harper
(II)-Jane Lowe Metis bapt 1845
(II)-Isabella Lowe Metis bapt 1849
(II)-Nancy Lowe Metis bapt 1851
(II)-Catherine Lowe Metis bapt 1854, married 1871 Jacob Smith
(II)-James Lowe Metis bapt (1856-1856)
2nd marriage 1859 Catherine Moar most likely a Metis
(II)-Thomas Lowe Metis bapt 1860 married 1880 Catherine Corrigal daughter John Corrigal
(II)-Alexander George Lowe Metis bapt 1861, d-1862
(II)-John James Lowe Metis bapt 1863, d-1863
(II)-Magnus Lowe Metis bapt 1864, d-1864
(III)-Harriet McKay, Metis b-1835 daughter (II)-John Richards McKayMetis, (1792-1877) and Harriet Ballenden (1795/1800-1854):
(II)-Mary (Marion) Ann Scott Metis b-1846
(II)-Elizabeth Scott Metis bapt 1849
(II)-Malcolm Scott Metis b-1851
(II)-Annabella Scott Metis b-1852 bapt 1853
(II)-Emma Scott Metis bapt 1856, d-1859
(II)-William Scott Metis b-1857
(II)-John James Scott Metis b-1859 bapt 1861
(II)-Thomas Henry Richard Scott Metis bapt 1864
(II)-Henriette Helen Harriet Scott Metis bapt 1869
(II)-Alice Scott Metis
(III)-Jean Baptiste Spence, Metis, b-1835 Sandy Bay, died December 16, 1897 son (II)-Jean Baptiste Spence aka We-tcha-mash, Metis (1807-1889), and Marie Roulette aka Matche-Kameko, Metis b-1816; married 1852, churched September 1, 1858 Josephte Saulteaux; 2nd marriage 1862, churched August 24, 1864, Marie Kijipayashik Saulteaux; 3rd marriage June 17, 1867, Lalouise Fisher, b-1850 Source Ida A. Spence
The Middlefort cemetery is now called the Old Indian Cemetery, but it also contains Metis and French voyagers. Middlefort cemetery was named because it was between the old Cadotte Trading Fort at Grant's Point and the present village of LaPointe in 1834-1835.
The 'Underground Railway' operated between 1830-1865 helping 30,000 to 60,000 escaped slaves from American tyranny to Canadian freedom.
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METIS HISTORY: Return to METIS 1800-1849 index