The Metis settlement of Red River becomes the prime pemmican supplier for the fur trade.
Red River farming consists primarily of wild rice, corn and maple syrup.
The term Metis is first used in Quebec
METIS HISTORY
1751-1753
METIS HISTORY Return
to METIS 1750-1799 index
METIS HISTORY Return to
MAIN METIS index
DIRECTORY Return to
MAIN HISTORY index
1750
Quebec, death, Francois Normand dit Ouaspoux, Metis, (II avait fait ses Pasgues ici). This appears to be the first use of the term Metis in listing of Quebec, Quebec. However, Cyprien Tanguay (1819-1902) included it under the sauvages listings. The clergy believed the Metis were sauvages, because they abandoned the French and Roman cultures.
Mary Adam b-1750,? must be 1850? Fort Alexander (Manitoba) daughter Joseph Adam, born March 1, 1825 and Archange Ouellette, born July 30, 1816, Pembina, Red River; married a Charles Bird.
Daniel Boone (1734-1820) moved with his family to the North Carolina frontier and became a wandering hunter and trapper.
Joseph Claude Boucher on the River Paskoya (Saskatchewan River) at Ceder Lake (Manitoba) built a trading post on the ruins of a fort built in 1743.
Michillimackinac, New France (Michigan), marriage, Jean Bourdon 1st to (IV)-Marie Francois Hubert born November 6, 1730, Lachine, Quebec, daughter (III)-Pierre Hubert b-1692 and (II)-Francois Cardinal b-1697; 2nd marriage May 20, 1765 Lachine, Quebec, Jean Bourdon.
(I)-William Cadwell (1750-1822) son William Cadwell and Rebecka arrived America this year. He would join the Butler Rangers in 1778, being posted to British Fort Detroit, (Michigan).
(II)-Alexander Rene Dagneau Douville (1698-1773/74) is assigned as the French Commander at Caughnawaga, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin) (Lake Superior). It is noteworthy that there was a Sault Saint Louis at Caughnawaga, a Mohawk Indian reserve near Montreal.
December 8: Marriage (IV)-Pierre Hubert son (III)-Pierre Hubert dit Lacroix, voyager to Fort Detroit b-1692 and (II)-Francoise Cardinal b-1697 epouse February 1, 1750 Michillimackinac, Poncelet Batellot Clermont; married 1750 Marie Joseph Mobel, location not recorded, but likely Michillimackinac.
Sault Saint Louis (Caughnawaga,
Lake Superior), It is noteworthy that there was a Sault Saint Louis at
Caughnawaga, a Mohawk Indian reserve near Montreal, (II)-Alexandre Dagneau (1698-1773/74), sieur de Douville, son
(I)-Michel Dagneau, is assigned as commander, married August 7, 1730 Montreal,
Quebec, Marie Coulon de Villiers daughter Antoine Coulon de Villiers. He would
later replace Jacques Francois Legardeur de Courtmanche at Fort Presquile (Presqu'Isle)
(L'Assomption) (Erie,
Pennsylvania). Their children include:
(III)-Madeline Dagneau born September 13, 1740, died October
1, 1740
(III)-Marguerite Dagneau born November 12, 1744
(III)-Guillaume Dagneau born August 15, 1748, died February
28, 1749
1750 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), baptism, (I)-Michel Gemerias born about 1725, baptized November 3, 1750, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).
Joseph Guyon dit Despres b-1666 is sending expeditions to the Dakota Territoty, during the 1750's
(I)-Anthony Henday b-1750/62 is employed this year at York Fort (Manitoba) in the lowest category- as a laborer and net-maker.
The Gautier La Verendrye brothers have built an independent freeman trading post on the Saskatchewan River near the Carrot River junction, as their father had lost his commission in 1740. This action effectively placed them in the position of being Coureurs des Bois.
(V)-Jean Baptiste Rene LeGardeur (born 1695) de Repentigny is charged with a commission about the discovery of the Sea of L'Quest. He documented his journey in 1752 with a copy to the Marquis DuQuesne de Menneville.
Francois Marie Lemarchand de Lignery (about 1703-before February 1760) commanded Fort Ouiatanon 1750-1753.
Murry, b-1750, married, Isabella b-1753 North West Territories.
Angelica Ogabidens, born 1750, likely Lake Superior, died April 10, 1840 La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin).
Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Marie Louise Reaume daughter (III)- Pierre Reaume dit Thamur (Themus) (1709-1766) and Suzanne Hubert Lacroix b-1709; 1st married 1770 British Fort Detroit, (Michigan), Alexis Cuillerier Beaubien and 2nd marriage 1791 British Fort Detroit, (Michigan), Jean Baptiste Guillet Tourandeau.
Mobile, Alabama, marriage, 1750/51, Julien Roy, b-1730/32 to Marie Barbe Saucier daughter Henry Saucier and Barbe Lacroix.
Hugh Sabiston Sr. HBC York Factory married about (1850-1860) Indian girl and
had three children
Alexander Sabiston Metis
William Metis HBC (1784-1795) York Factory
Hugh Sabbeston (Sabiston) Metis Jr. (1772-1810) (HBC
(1793-1810) York Factory
James Sanderson b-1750 married Elizabeth Indian b-1755 most likely North
West.
(I)-John Sayer b-1750 England, was sent 1784 to the Lake Superior region. He retired 1805/07 to St Anne, Montreal Island, married 1st about 1778 Obemauunoqua daughter Mamongazida (Big Foot) and 2nd marriage about 1790/93 to Elizabeth McPherson.
Dr. James Walker of the Loyal Land Company of Virginia crossed the Blue Ridge Mountains, following the Holston River and by April. cleared Cumberland Gap that became an accepted trail into Kentucky and Tennessee.
The following voyagers are recorded at Mackinac, New France (Michigan), this year in the birth, death and marriage records: Jean Baptiste LaFetiere (LaCetiere) dit Jasmin, (III)-Ignace Bourassa (b-1724), Jean Baptiste Charles Chaboyer and Marin's son, commandant de La Pointe de Chagauamigauay, Ojibwa Country (Lake Superior, Wisconsin).
Michel Campeau Sr, Michel Campeau Jr, Paul Campeau and St Onkon Campeau are listed at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).
(I)-Joseph Isbister reprimanded (I)-James Walker and (I)-Robert Bass for trying to take advantage of some Cree women. (I)-Joseph Isbister, an Orkney and bigamist at Albany, threatened to remove all Indian wives, except his own, but the men threatened desertion.
Tadoussac, Quebec is no longer providing the furs of the past. The savages are now harvesting the seal for their oil and skins. The Post Jeremic Islet 30 leagues below Tadoussac are also harvesting seals. Post Chekoutimi 30 leagues from Tadoussac is however still harvesting peltries.
The Ojibwa settled at Miskwagam-wizaga-igaring or Red Lake (Minnesota). The French Metis called this place Lac Rouge.
The First record of a Hudson Bay Company man taking a country wife to Britain was Factor Robert Pilgrim, the bigamist in the Bay about (1744-1750), who retired to Hacknet near London with wife Thu-a-higon and his infant son. His will, however, ordered the child to stay in England, but sent his wife back to the North West Territories (Canada). As a result of this incident, London ordered that no ship was to allow any Indian or Esquemay man, woman, or child to be brought as a passenger to any part of Great Britain, on any pretense. It is noteworthy that the same restrictions were not imposed on the French trading Companies. Only John Dugald Cameron and James Hughes were prepared to face the impertinent insults and unmerited obloquy of the English. These two traders must be from closer to 1800, as Scots were not working the French companies at this time.(?)
Indian art, as reflected in clothing, suggests the Metis, Cree, and Ojibwa of Lake Nipigon to Red River region are already culturally mixed. The amalgamation is reflected in their language and in their art. It is noteworthy that the Hudson Bay Cree Mixed bloods are not acknowledged or recorded, and are only accepted by the Indian culture. The Cree considered the Metis children as having superior physical attributes that make then better hunters and bolder warriors. The Indians considered the Metis their children, so this feeling is understandable: we all hope are children will be better than us. It is natural to assume that the Metis would have a great affinity to their brothers- the Ojibwa and French Metis. Being culturally rejected by the British, it is doubtful they value added to the Metis ethnicity until after 1800. This also sheds light on why the Metis penetration into the North West was bloodless vs. the bloody penetration by the Americans. Only after the British penetrated the North West did the blood begin to flow.
Paul Martin and his son Joseph Martin established trade with the Dakota between 1750 and1754. He helped the Dakota and Ojibwa negotiate winter hunting grounds, giving the Ojibwa the right to use the Crow Wing Valley for a season of 1750-1751, and allowing the La Pointe Ojibwa to hunt to the west of their village to Sandy Lake until about 1754. The Dakota controlled the St. Croix and Chippewa Rivers (eastern tributaries of the Mississippi), being the eastern Dakota borders and the head waters of the Mississippi- roughly defining their northern boarders.
At Peonon Point, on the Saskatchewan River, North West Territories, is a French house.
The Hudson Bay Company monopoly has been under attack for the past two years. The most significant issues raised are: the Company's apparent reluctance to move inland; the failure to search for the North West Passage; the poor treatment of the Indians; and no reports of suitable areas for settlement. John Campbell concluded that: the Hudson Bay Company employ few ships, and only a small number of seamen; their factories are few and thin; and they do not support our National purpose of enlarging Navigation and increasing our seamen. The Hudson Bay's longer range plans were likened to building castles in the air. The Royal African Company was dissolved. The Levant Company charter in 1753 was modified, but the Hudson Bay Company survived the assault.
The most well established forts of this period in the "North West" Territories are:
Fort St. Ignace (Mackinac), New France (Michigan), which is south of Sault Ste Marie,New France (Michigan), (1668). This Fort, at this time, is actually considered the "Old North West" along with Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).
Fort Chagouamigon, Ojibwa Country (La Pointe, Madeleine Island, Wisconsin) on the south west shore of Lake Superior (1650),
Fort Maurepas, South Lake Winnipeg (Manitoba) (established 1734),
Fort La Reine, south west Lake Winnipeg (Manitoba) (established 1738),
Fort Dauphin, west of Lake Winnipeg (Manitoba) (1741),
Fort Paskoyac on the Saskatchewan River, (near The Pas, Manitoba) (established 1750),
Fort St. Louis on the Saskatchewan River, North West Territories (established 1753).
French authority granted 214,000 acres of Sault Ste Marie, Ojibwa Country (Michigan?Ontario) to Louis Le Gardeur, Sieur De La Repentigny and to Captain Louis De Bonne, Sieur De Miselle. Prior to this time, the Coureurs des Bois controlled this trade center. The grant included the Lake Superior in Ojibwa Country, trading rights. The intention was to control the flourishing illegal fur trade. Captain Bonne, however, never ventured to Saint Mary's Falls (Sault). Louis Le Gardeur spent part of each year (1750 to 1758) on the south side of the St. Mary River. His impact on Lake Superior is insignificant. He never returned to his holdings. Some contend (III)-Jean Baptiste Cadotte (1723-1803) is his feudal vassal, along with two Native slaves purchased from the Ojibwa. At worst he is an engage, but more likely is under contract as interpreter and general contractor during construction. History would suggest Louis Le Gardeur is dependent on Cadotte and other Coureurs des Bois for his brief tenure, and probably felt like a serf to the well-established Lake trading system.
Another historian writes that Monsieur La Jonquiere sent Chevalier de Repentigny to re-occupy Sault Ste Marie, Ojibwa Country (Michigan/Ontario), having been practically abandoned by the French in 1689. This new post is to be a hereditary Seigniorial ,provided he builds a new Fort. He found nothing but an Ojibwa village, and, living there, a Frenchman married to a native woman. He hired the Frenchman to take some land and farm it while he directed the construction of a fort. Other records, however, indicate many Coureurs des Bois lived along the St. Mary River at this time.
Fort Savage is established on the south shore of Sault Ste Marie (Michigan).
Father Louis Viver (Vivier) (1714-1756), a Jesuit, in Illinois Country, says there are three classes of inhabitants, French, Negroes and Savages; to say nothing of Half-breeds (Metis) born of one or the other-- as a rule, against the Laws of God. The Savages, and especially the Illinois, are of a very gentle and sociable nature. They have wit, and seem to have more than out peasants --- as much, at least, as most Frenchmen. This is due to the freedom in which they are reared; respect makes them timid. As there is neither rank nor dignity among them, all men seem equal to them. It is hard to understand that the French and Jesuits still refer to the Indians as Savages. This hard core Roman Catholic principle of inferiority of other cultures would persist until about 1970.
Between the Mississippi and Kaskaskia Rivers lives 1,100 white people, 300 black people (slaves), 60 red slaves and other Savages. It is assumed the Metis (Coureurs des Bois) are not counted or are included as Savages. This French ignorance and lack of tolerance towards different cultures would cost them the West. This fundamental belief system is not confined to the Black Robes.
The natives burn fort LaReine (Portage LaPrairie).
Red River Metis/Ojibwa Settlement, about this time, is rapidly becoming the hub of the North West Territories fur trade, and would begin the transition to become a primary pemmican supplier. Pemmican is a Cree word compounded of pimii (fat) and kan (prepared). Bison (buffalo) meat was beaten and mixed with fat and cranberries, and then sewan as a hard ball into a pemmican bag made of skin. It lasted forever and was even made out of deer or moose. To this point wild rice, corn and maple syrup is the staple crops being cultivated. Pemmican, being an ideal food supply, would discourage most cultivation in the North West Territories. La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Madeleine Island, Wisconsin) is the hub of the West fur trade and much of the North West Territories. Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin), basically controlled the south. Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), Mackinac, New France (Michigan) and Sault Ste Marie, New France (Michigan/Ontario) remain as supply bases for men and goods. Free trade and independence are becoming entrenched, as the 'Assinipoval Metis' had the option of trading with the Hudson Bay Company to the north or with the French to the south east. The Hudson Bay Company had, for eighty years, slept at the edge of the frozen sea, showing no desire to explore the interior of a continent. As a result, the 'Assinipoval Metis' prefer to trade with the more adventurous French.
Two hundred fifty bundles of fur are processed by the Coureurs des Bois through La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin), this year. The trade north of Ojibwa, Country, Lake Superior totaled 500 packs of fur. A pack usually contained 90 pelts. Forty to fifty traders are established at Oswego on Lake Ontario. Fort Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), parish register records twenty six men including Gagau and Jean Baptiste Gatau.
Murdock Mackenzie recorded the common Orkney men fit for Hudson Bay Service, and as healthy, hardy, well-shaped, subject to few diseases and capable of an abstemious and laborious life. Many however are inclined to idleness. They are considered inferior to the common man of Britain. Tenacious of their old customs, but proven to change quickly if they see an advantage. They are honest in their dealings with one another, but not so scrupulous with respect to the master of the ground. The Highland Scot's have a clannish adherence and subjection to their masters, but resent them in violent way. The Orkney are in high demand as seamen for Iceland, for Greenland fisheries, for the coal trade and the Royal Navy.
Some contend that the Cree, Ojibwa and Metis commingled to create the Peoples called the Northern Ojibwa about this time. They say it is reflected in their language and art.
Archeological evidence suggests the Algonquian people, likely the Ojibwa, attended the Mandan trade fairs on the Missouri River.
As a result of his embarrassment before the Parliamentary Committee of Inquiry, in 1749, Arthur Dobbs wrote (I)-James Isham, d-1761, at Fort York: " It is surprising to us that none of our Factors or Servants have had the Curiosity of Informing themselves thereof especially of places not far from York Fort. Dobbs and Joseph Robson had published a virulent attack on the Hudson Bay Company of his experiences in the Company employ, an account of six years residence in Hudson Bay." The accusation was that The Company has, for eighty years, slept at the edge of a frozen sea. It is universally believed among the servants that the French travel many hundreds of miles over land, from Canada to the heads of our rivers in the Bay, and that they have erected huts, and have settled a considerable factory upon a lake at the head of the Nelson River. They trade for the lightest and most valuable furs. (I)-James Isham d-1761 had written this year: "It is universally believed among the servants, that the French travel many hundred miles over land from Canada to the heads of our rivers in the Bay, and that they have erected huts and settled a considerable factory upon a lake at the head of the Nelson River; trading with the natives for the lightest and most valuable furs."
Pennsylvania officials offered a bounty of $134 for the scalp of a male Indian and $50 for the scalp of a female.
Fort La Presentation, Ogdensburg, New York, recorded birth, marriage and death (1750-1760).
The Spanish ship La Galga sank. It was believed that the wild ponies of Chincoteague Island off the coast of Virginia came from this ship.
The Metis south and west of Great Slave Lake, along the Slave River arrived and maintained close contact with the Red River Metis colony.
In five French villages in the Illinois are recorded 1,100 white, 300 blacks and 60 Indian slaves.
The river earlier called the “Keskachewan” appears as Rivière Poskaiao on La Vérendrye’s 1750 map, and Rivière Poskoiac on Philippe Buache’s map of 1754. This is from Cree, for “swift-flowing and “derived from Paskquaw, a prairie or desert, as its course is through the great plain to the east of the Rocky Mountains.”
January 7: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth/death, (II)-Claude Simon Gendron, born January 7, died January 11, 1750, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), son (I)-Simon Gendron dit Potevin, a merchant, and (II)-Suzanne Bienvenu (1722-1764).
January 12: Detroit, marriage (I)-Jean Louis Renaud dit Lajeunesse married (II)-Marie Joseph Guignard dit St. Etienne, b-1730
January 26/28: Detroit, birth/death (V)-Joseph Robert son (IV)-Antoine Robert et Boucher (1765) b-1713 and (II)-Marie Louise Becquemont b-1727.
January 26: Detroit, birth (V)-Therese Robert daughter (IV)-Antoine Robert et Boucher (1765) b-1713 and (II)-Marie Louise Becquemont b-1727; married 1777 Therese Drowillard.
February 1: Michillimackinac, marriage (II)-Jean Baptiste LaFetiere (La Fievre & LaCetiere) dit Jasmin, also known as La Joie, widower, Catherine LeFebure, married Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), a (IV)-Marie Francoise Hubert LaCroix dit Marantot b-1730 Lachine, Quebec, her second marriage May 20, 1765 Lachine, Quebec, (IV)-Jean Bourdon son (III)-Francois Bourdon.
February 1: Mackinac, New France (Michigan), marriage, Poncelet Batellot Clermont son Jean Batillo Clermont and Marguerite Pierrot; married to (II)-Mary Francoise Cardinal (b-1697) epouse (III)-Pierre Paul Hubert dit Lacroix (1692-1733) of Lachine, Quebec, others suggest married (IV)-Pierre Hubert born December 8, 1722 Fort Detroit son (III)-Pierre Hubert dit Lacroix who arrived Fort Detroit region in 1692 and (II)-Francoise Cardinal b-1697..
February 10: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marriage, (III)-Pierre Labutte Chesne born May 24, 1729, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), son (II)-Pierre Chesne (1698-1774) and (II)-Marie Madeleine Roy (1710-1732); married, February 10, 1750, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), (IV)-Marie Anne Cuillerier dit Beaubien, born April 19, 1730, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter (III)-Antoine Cuillerier dit Beaubiwn born 1697 and (II)-Marie Angelique Girard born 1690..
February 10: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marriage, (III)-Piere Chesne dit Labutte born 1724 son (II)-Charles Chesne born 1694 and Catherine Sauvage (1695-1787) married (IV)-Marie Anne Cuillerier born 1730, daughter (III)-Antoine Cuillerier.
February 12: (I)-Claude Joseph Meunier dit Sansoucy is at Fort Detroit.
March 4-5: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), Birth/death, (IV)-Antoine Trotier son (III)-Alexis Trotier (1688-1769) and (III)-Catherine Godfroy DeMaubeuf (1716-1777)
March 5: A permit to Mackinac, New France (Michigan). issued for Sieur Clignancour.
March 5: Fort Detroit,(Michigan) birth (III)-Catherine Meloche, daughter (II)-Pierre Meloche (1701-1760) and (III)-Jeanne Caron b-1709.
March 8: British Fort Detroit (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Marie Louise Reaume daughter (III)- Pierre Reaume dit Thamur (Themus) (1709-1766) and Suzanne Hubert Lacroix b-1709.
March 17: Michillimakinac, New France (Michigan), baptism Basile LaFetiere (LaCetiere) Jasmin born this month son of Marie Anne (Marianne) a slave (MM.) Sieur (II)-Rene Bourassa La Ronde b-1688, a voyager, but she declared the father as Sieur Jasmin, voyager, (Jean Baptiste LaFetiere (LaCetiere) dit Jasmin also known as La Joie).
March 24: Mackinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, (V)-Ignace Francois Xavier Bourassa Metis bapt 1750 son Agathe Villeneuve Amiot daughter Sieur Amiot, she declared the father as Sieur (IV)-Ignace Bourassa dit la Ronde Metis , son Sieur (III)-Rene Bourassa dit La Ronde (1718-1792) , who are now wintering at La Grande Riviere.
March 28: Michillimakinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, Charles Bourassa, Metis, born 1732, son of a slave Marie Anne Pinas of M. (II)-Rene Bourassa La Ronde 1688.
April 6: Michillimakinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, Jean Francois Regis born 1743, son of a slave of Chevalier de la Verendreye; to provide acknowledgement, see mission in 1749, from M. le Chevalier de la Verandrye of his return from the utmost limits of the West.
April 13: Fort Detroit, birth (II)-Marie Suzanne Putelle daughter (I)-Jean Baptiste Putelle (1717-1752) and (III)-Madeleine Bouron b-1722, veuve January 8, 1755 Fort Detroit Francois Tailbandier.
April 15: Pierre Robineau de Portneuf (1708-1761), an ensign at Fort Frontenac, (Kingston, Ontario) and fifteen soldiers build Fort Toronto (Fort Rouille) on the Humber River this year (some claim it is built 1749). A new and larger Fort is built April 1751, and called Fort Rouille.
April 17: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan) for Chevalier de la Verendrye; Joseph Patenaude de Longueuil; Pierre Chauret and Jacquet Lapierre de Saint Michel; Pierre Boursier de Chateauguay (the balance of names torn and missing).
April 18: Fort Detroit, birth (III)-Antoine Mesny, died July 23, 1750 Fort Detroit son (II)-Joseph Mesny (1712-1794) and (II)-Jeanne Seguin Laderoute b-1724.
May 3: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (III)-Pierre Laurent Cosme et St. CosmeMetis, son (II)-Pierre Laurent Cosme et St. Cosmeborn 1721 and (III)-Catherine Barrois, Metis, (1727-1790).
May 6: Michillimackinac, New France (Michigan), Joseph Amable Hubert, a merchant dit Lacroix-Marautet; etait a Michillimackinac, New France (Michigan).
May 10: Michillimakinac, New France (Michigan), baptism Antoine Chaboyer, born of a pansie (slave) of M. Chaboyer but father listed as unknown..
May 19: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Sieur Marsolet, trader; Jean Patenaude and Pierre Ridde de Laprairie; Pierre Gamelin and Joseph Patenaude de Chateauguay; Louis Labelle de I'ile Jesus; Dominique Bordeaux de Laprairie.
May 20: Pierre Robineau de Portneuf (1708-1761) departed Fort Frontenac (Kingston, Ontario) to build Fort Rouille (Toronto, Ontario).
May 21: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Sieur de Perigny; Pierre Humo, guide, Pierre Montpetit, Paul Royer, Francois Lalonde de I'ile Perrot; Joseph Brunet (?) and Antoine Laurier de la Pointe Claire; Jacques Lafleur de la cote Saint Laurent.
May 21: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marriage, (IV)-Pierre Sarazin Depeltaux, born November 9, 1718, Lachine, son (III)-Pierre Sarazin (1684-1760) and (III)-Marguerite Leduc, b-1696; married (III)-Marie Anne Cesire born July 28, 1730, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter (II)-Jean Cesire (1698-1767) and (II)-Marguerite Charlotte Girard (born 1703).
May 24: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for (IV)-Ignace Bourassa dt La Rondie Metis and Saint Dizier; Fouquet Pominville de Lachine, Quebec; Rheaume, Antoine Basten, Belavance, Gabriel Gervais de Laprairie; Pierre Yvon de L'Assomption; Lafleur de Lavaltrie.
May 26: Mackinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, Marie Francoise Chevreaux,Metis, born in March of a Sioux female slave owned by M. Clermont. The slave declares the baby belongs to a Frenchman called Chevreaux, now in the North. The godfather is Joseph la Croix dit Marantot, the godmother Marie Francoise, his sister, wife of Sieur Jasmin. Signed Francoise La Croix Jacemain and Bartelemi Blondeau.
May 26: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (II)-Marie Anne Godfroy daughter (I)-Francois Godfroy (1717-1764) and (III)-Suzanne Pepin b-1719; married May 6, 1765 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), Jacques Andre.
May 27: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Daniel Villeneuve interpreter of Mackinac, New France (Michigan); Louis Menard Sr. and Louis Menard son de Sault au Recollet; Joseph Laliberte and Joseph Lauson de la Riviere Saint Pierre; Pierre Lepine de Sorel; Francois Jean Venne de L'Assomption.
May 29: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Laurent Bertrand; Louis Duguet and Jacques Pare de Chateauguay; Joseph Carriere and Charles Defond de Montreal; Charles Senet de la Pointe aux Trembles; Ignace Pente (?) de Sorel.
May 29: A permit to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Etienne Saint Dizier; (III)-Michel Lemire de Chateauguay (b-1723); Louis Robert de Boucherville; Jean Baptiste Senet de Saint Leonard; Jacques Chaput de L'Assomption; Joseph Gauthier de Saint Therese; Claude Carignan de Batiscan.
May 31: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Marie Anne Chesne daughter (III)-Pierre Chesne born 1729 and (IV)-Marie Anne Cuillerier born 1730.
June 5: (V)-Jacques LeGardeur of Saint Pierre (1701-1755) departs Montreal, Quebec, to continue the search for the Western Sea. LeGardeur is commissioned February 27, to find the Western Sea- being judged the one who possesses the most information regarding all those countries. He passed Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), on July 12, and he arrived at Fort La Reine (Portage la Prairie, Manitoba) in the autumn, where he stayed for two years. His second in command was Joseph Claude Boucher born 1715, son Jean Baptiste Boucher, Sieur de Niverville and other voyagers are: Alexandre Bissonnet (guide), Laurent Denige, Joseph Paul Bissonett, Augustin Charbonneau, Louis Croquehoye, Francois Lacombe, Amable Dyon, Paul Parisien, Bazil Roel Lirlande, Antoine Goulet, Baptiste Masson, Louis Leclerc, Piere Deslorier. He explored Red River, Lake Winnipeg, North West Territories (Manitoba) and the Lake of the Woods region (Ontario). His Western Explorations were from 1750-1753. LeGardeur complained that Jean Baptiste De La Morinie is a useless missionary who doesn't even have mathematical instruments.
(V)-Jacques LeGardeur de Saint Pierre (1701-1755) (Jacques Repentigny LeGardeur) and the Chevalier Boucher de Niverville exercised control over the North Western posts until 1753. He had little success, as he didn't understand L'Quest culture of gift giving. Father La Morinerie is assigned to Fort La Reine and departed 1751, confessing his inability to make converts among the peoples of the West. St. Pierre built a fort on the north bank of the Red and Assiniboine River and called it St. Pierre's Fort (Manitoba).
Ste.(Sainte) Genevieve, about 60 miles south of St. Louis is created about this year. A lead mine existed about 20 miles away in an area called Old Mines. Wheat was grown and annually boat loads of wheat, maple syrup. pickled or salted bison (buffalo) tongues, lead and buckskins were taken to New Orleans for sale or trade.
June 1: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Perriere Marin; Joseph Giverny (?) de Repentigny; Joseph Rivet de Saint Sulpice; Jean Baptiste Oliver de Longueuil; Pierre Marin de Lachenaie, Joseph Coulon de Vareness; Jean Baptiste Labrecque de Iile Jesus.
June 8: Father (I)-Louis Vivier (Viviers) (1714-1756), a Jesuit, said there are five French Villages and three Indian Villages on the plain between the Mississippi and Kaskaskia Rivers (Illinois). He estimates the white population as 1,100 persons, who hold 300 Black slaves and 60 Red slaves. The three Illinois Villages do not contain more than 800 savages, of all ages.
June 9: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Louis Ducharme; Joseph Desmarets and Joseph Papin de Saint Francois; Jean Ducharme and Joseph Ducharme de Lachine, Quebec; Antoine Lajeunesse de I'ile Jesus; Thomas Halle (?) de Saint Michel.
June 9: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Sieur Giasson; Bourassa Reidde, DeLoyer de Peltot, Cardinal, Ambroise, Prud'homme, Desloges, Loueaux, Antoine Mombreuil (?), Latreille.
June 9: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Sieur Volant; Vaziant Luc, Voyer, David, Saint Amant, Jasmin, Lanouville.
June 9: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Jean Noel DesRivieres (Beaubien) (1721-1765); Lalande Trottier and Pierre Lalonde de Sainte Genevieve; Lafantaisie de la Riviere des Prairies; Becquet de Saint Laurent; Francois Brunelle. Permit is to service their Fort Maurepas and Fort La Reine lease.
June 10: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Jacques Giasson supplies for Francois Bourbonnais commander of Mackinac, New France (Michigan); Pierre Montpetit and Paul Boyer de I'ile Perrot; Joseph Dault de la Pointe Claire; Etienne Jette de Sainte Marie; Joseph Leclair and Nicolas Sanspeur de Montreal, Quebec.
June 10: A permit, to Mackinac, New France (Michigan), for Sieurs d'Ailleboust de la Madeleine and d'Ailleboust de Menthet; Pierre Pilon, Francois Couillard and Jean Baptiste Merle de la Pointe Claire; Jean illisible de Sainte Genevieve; Augustin Lantier de Sainte Genevieve; Jean Bourdeau de Laprairie; Francois Gervais de Leprairie de Saint Lambert; Jean Lafranchise de Saint Therese; Pierre Desloriers de Lanoraie; Jean Chantillon de Montreal, Quebec; Paschal Salve du Lac des Deux Montagnes; Pierre Longpre de Saint Leonard.
June 11: Kamouraska, birth, (II)-Germain Gagnon Metis son (I)-Pierre Gagnon, savage (Metis) (1709-1773) and Marie Anne Sauvagesse.
June 12: A permit, to Mackinac for Rene Provencher; Claude Duclos de Batiscan; Jean Baptiste Rainville de Sorel; Pierre Poubert de la Riviere du Loup; Jean Baptiste Laporte de Repentigny; Jacques Thomas de Saint Sulprice; Pierre Boyer de I'ile Perrot.
June 18: A permit, is issued to (II)-Jean Francois Frigon (born 1674) and Mongrain, a party of Montreal, Quebec, one canoe six men to Post des Illinois. Engages Joseph Carignan; (I)-Pierre Carignan de Juvignez; (IV)-Baptiste Mongrain LaFond (de) Rivard (born 1717) of Batiscan; Louis Gareau; (III)-Paul Frigon (1731-1780) of Batiscan.
June 18: Quebec, death Frabcois Normand dit Ouaspoux a Metis (listed as a sauvage) Il avait fait ses paques ici. (He had died here)
June 18: A permit, to Jean Baptiste Ladouceur from Montreal, Quebec to Nepigon with Jean Baptiste Ladouceur, guide, Pierre Ladouceur, Joseph Trottier du Bout de L'Lie; Gabriel Allard (1714-1777), Joseph Giguere de Saint Francois; Antoine Latraverse et Joseph Latraverse de Sorel; Pierre Gagnier and Jean Baptiste Lafleur de Laprairie; Joseph Picot de L'Assomption; Jean Baptiste Grignon, de Montreal, Quebec; Francois Quintal de Boucherville, Quebec.
June 18: Permit to Illinois Joseph Carignan, Pierre Carignan, Baptiste Mongrain, Louis Gareau and Paul Frigon.
July 11: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth/death, (III)-Jean Alexis Dagneau (DeQuindre), died September 16, 1750, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), son (II)-Louis-Cesaire Dagneau (1704-1767) who died Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), and (III)-Marie Anne Picote de Belestre (1714-1756).
July 16: Brother (II)-Jean Baptiste Demers b-1722, died after 1780 took his first vows this year at Michillimackinac, New France (Michigan)
July 17: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), baptism, (IV)-Louise Bouron, born March 8, 1749, daughter (III)-Louis Bouron dit Clermont; habitant La Cote south of Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), and (II)-Marie Ripau et Roiet;
July 17: Engageur ouest, (II)-Guillaume Dagneau ( Dagnaux) Douville, sieur de la Mothe (Motte) born May 7, 1706 Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec, died March 16, 1761 Detroit, son Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, was Voyager West to Fort Detroit; married February 5, 1742 Louise Lefournier dit Duviviers b-1721.
July 17: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), (II)-Guillaume Dagneau ( Dagnaux) Douville, sieur de la Mothe, born May 7, 1706, Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec, son Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, was Voyager West to Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).
July 20: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth/death, (III)-Anoryme Chapoton child (II)-Jean Baptiste Chapoton born 1721 and (III)-Genevieve Elisabeth Godfroy (1728-1750).
July 20: Montreal, Quebec, marriage, Jean Baptiste Charles, Metis, b-1705, son Jean Baptiste Charles and Madeleine Illinoise (Sauvagesse); married July 20, 1750 Montreal, Quebec, (IV)-Marie Joseph Dumas b-1733, Montreal daughter (III)-Joseph Dumas..
July 31: Makinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, of Marin Magnan alias L'Esperance son Jean Magnan (Manian) dit Lesperance and Rose, born May 15 at La Riviere de Auataunagan, she died last winter. Taken from the La Pointe, Wisconsin records of Marin the younger, commandant La Pointe, Chagauamigauay, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin)..
July 25: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Ignace Boyer, died August 9, 1750, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), son (III)-Ignace Boyer (1721-1784) living Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), and (IV)-Angelique Pepin dit Descardonnets.
August 13: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (posthume) (II)-Charles Esprit died September 3, 1750, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), son (I)-Claude Esprit, a merchant, died (drown) June 12, 1750, and (II)-Angelique Bienvenue born 1721.
September 6: St. Pierre les Becquets, Quebec, birth, (IV)-Marie Angelique Couturier, Metis daughter (III)-Antoine Couturier, Metis, b-1728, and Marie Joseph Baril b-1730.
September 9: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Marie Louise Gouyou, died March 7, 1751, daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste Gouyou (1722-1764) and (II)-Louise Delieres (1724-1766).
September 9: Fort Detroit, death Albert Parant who was married to Suzanne Chesne.
September 13: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (III)-Gabriel Casse son (II)-Jacques Casse and (IV)-Catherine Jean Vien died 1779.
October 5: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marriage, (II)-Charles Casse dit St. Aubin son (I)-Jean Casse; married (II)-Marie Joseph Mettay born 1729, died May 2, 1759, daughter (I)-Jacques Mettay; 1st marriage (II)-Therese Esteve dit Lajeunesse born 1724, died April 17, 1748, daughter (I)-Pierre Esteve.
October 11: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Brigitte Fauvel died November 3, 1750, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter (II)-Jacques Fauvel dit Bigras (1696-1751) and (II)-Angelique Clement born 1705.
October 12: Michilimackinac, baptism Louis Poncelet Fatierre son Jean Baptiste la Fatierre dit Jasmin and Francois Huburt de la Croix.
October 28: Makinac, marriage Jean Baptiste Cadot to Anastasie Nipising, Sauvagesse
November 9: Lac des deux Montagnes, birth, (III)-Marie Charlotte Hery, Metis, daughter (II)-Louis Hery (Duplanty-Kil8abe) born July 16, 1711, son (I)-Jacques Hery (1664-1746) and (II)-Jeanne Vanier b-1685; married Marie Anastasie Missalim8k8e of the Sauteux Nation.
November 23: (IV)-Louis Josue DuLignon (b-1734) Mackinac, New France (Michigan), married St Michel Elizabeth LaCroix.
November 26: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marriage, (I)-Pierre Durand dit Montmirel born 1706, died March 9, 1792, British Fort Detroit, (Michigan), married (II)-Catherine Guignon daughter (I)-Pierre Guignon.
December 8: Marriage (IV)-Pierre Hubert born December 8, 1722 Fort Detroit, son (III)-Pierre Hubert dit Lacroix, voyager to Fort Detroit b-1692 and (II)-Francoise Cardinal b-1697 epouse February 1, 1750 Michillimackinac, Poncelet Batellot Clermont; married 1750 Marie Joseph Mobel, location not recorded, but likely Michillimackinac.
December 14: Fort Detroit, birth (III)-Louise Parant daughter (II)-Laurent Parant b-1703 and (IV)-Jeanne Cardinal b-1717.
December 26: Cahokia, birth, Pierre Pelletier, died January 2, 1751 Cahokia son Pierre Pelletier and Marie Francoise Parant b-1724, died January 2, 1752 Cahokia.
METIS HISTORY: Return
to METIS 1750-1799 index