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| * NBME#2 block 1 Q1-----------Q50 |
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Please choose and answer the questions in order.Thank you |
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| * Re:NBME#2 block 1 Q1-----------Q50 |
| #2350652 |
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37. E.
increased lung volume will increase traction on airway and decreasing resistance to expiration .. with increased expiratory flow rate as a result.
the same idea why pts with COPD breath low TV at high TLC. |
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| * Re:NBME#2 block 1 Q1-----------Q50 |
| #2350654 |
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37= by exclusion EE
a-increase in airway resistance - decreases expiratory flow rate -eg-asthma
b- surfactant no role in expiratory flow rate
3-cilliary beating frequency -no role on exp flow rate
4-expiration is passive
f-increase in parasympathetic-brochoconstriction so decrease in flow rate.
Nymore addition? |
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| * Re:NBME#2 block 1 Q1-----------Q50 |
| #2350663 |
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when you increase expiration effort .. you exhale more at the 1st second but then the flow rate will drop quickly since expiration (esp. with effort) will increase intra-thoracic pressure, causing airways more likely to collapse ..
likewise; at high TLC, intrathoracic pressure is more negative and the airways are stretched ..
it's well explained in Kaplan physiology, respiratory system :) |
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| * Re:NBME#2 block 1 Q1-----------Q50 |
| #2350760 |
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39.D
In the natural aging process, aortic stenosis often increases afterload because the left ventricle must overcome the pressure gradient caused by the calcified and stenotic aortic valve in addition to the blood pressure in order to eject blood into the aorta |
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40.E
Osteogenesis imperfecta...most common form is AD ...(brittle bone disease)with abnormal type I collagen
mutation that affect the structure of one of the rwo chains of type Icollagen which is rich in GLYCINE ,and PROLINE |
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| #2350766 |
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41.c
Leukotrienes are fatty signalling molecules. They were first found in leukocytes (hence their name). One of their roles (specifically, leukotriene D4) is to trigger contractions in the smooth muscles lining the trachea; their overproduction is a major cause of inflammation in asthma and allergic rhinitis. Leukotriene antagonists are used to treat these diseases by inhibiting the production or activity of leukotrienes.
Wikipedia |
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